水下航行器水动力系数计算方法
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摘要
为了高效地求取水下航行器的水动力系数,本文提出了一种空间拘束运动模拟方法。该方法仅需一次算例就可求得方程中的全部水动力系数,在保证计算精度的同时极大地缩短了计算周期。为了验证该方法的准确性,利用航行器完成了平面机构运动试验并模拟分析该试验的数值。2种计算流体动力学方法得到的水动力系数值接近。说明在设计初期,用空间拘束运动模拟方法代替现有的常规平面拘束运动数值模拟,快速求得设计艇型的水动力系数是可行的。此外,该方法的计算结果与水池试验数据的误差较小,进一步表明该方法的可行性。
This paper proposes an approach for simulating spatial captive motion to increase the efficiency for estimating hydrodynamic coefficients of underwater vehicles. Instead,of the traditional repetitive and time-consuming process,the proposed spatial captive motion method could provide all necessary information for determination of all required coefficients in only one simulation while ensuring the accuracy of the calculation and considerably shortening the cycle. Numerical simulations were carried out based on planar motion mechanism tests for an underwater vehicle to validate the accuracy of the proposed method. The comparison results of two CFD simulation methods are close in the derived hydrodynamic coefficient. Hence,in the early stage of design,hydrodynamic coefficients of the design hull can be quickly obtained by substituting spatial captive motion simulation for existing CFD methods. The calculation results obtained by the proposed method have smaller errors in comparison with the test data in water tank,thereby confirming the feasibility of the method.
This paper proposes an approach for simulating spatial captive motion to increase the efficiency for estimating hydrodynamic coefficients of underwater vehicles. Instead,of the traditional repetitive and time-consuming process,the proposed spatial captive motion method could provide all necessary information for determination of all required coefficients in only one simulation while ensuring the accuracy of the calculation and considerably shortening the cycle. Numerical simulations were carried out based on planar motion mechanism tests for an underwater vehicle to validate the accuracy of the proposed method. The comparison results of two CFD simulation methods are close in the derived hydrodynamic coefficient. Hence,in the early stage of design,hydrodynamic coefficients of the design hull can be quickly obtained by substituting spatial captive motion simulation for existing CFD methods. The calculation results obtained by the proposed method have smaller errors in comparison with the test data in water tank,thereby confirming the feasibility of the method.
引文
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[13]刘帅,葛彤,赵敏.基于源项法的潜艇旋臂试验模拟[J].大连海事大学学报,2011,37(2):1-4.LIU Shuai,GE Tong,ZHAO Min. Simulation for submarine rotating-arm test based on added momentum source method[J]. Journal of Dalian maritime university,2011,37(2):1-4.
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[15]李慧,赵琳,毛英.海况干扰下潜艇六自由度运动分析[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2017,38(1):94-100.LI Hui,ZHAO Lin,MAO Ying. Analysis of six-degreeof-freedom motion in submarines under sea disturbance[J]. Journal of Harbin Engineering University,2017,38(1):94-100.
[16]谢兰,高东红.非线性回归方法的应用与比较[J].数学的实践与认识,2009,39(10):117-121.XIE Lan,GAO Donghong. The application and comparison of different nonlinear fit methods[J]. Mathematics in practice and theory,2009,39(10):117-121.
[17]施生达.潜艇操纵性[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1995:149-169.
[18]王庆云,庞永杰,李伟坡,等.系列舵翼潜艇水动力系数数值计算及试验研究[J].舰船科学技术,2015,37(11):21-26.WANG Qingyun, PANG Yongjie, LI Weipo, et al.Numerical calculation and experimental study of hydrodynamic coefficients of submarine of a series of rudder and wing[J]. Ship science and technology,2015,37(11):21-26.
[19]王庆云.操纵装置对潜艇操纵性能的影响研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2016.WANG Qingyun. Research on the influence of control device to maneuverability of submarine[D]. Harbin:Harbin Engineering University,2016.
[20]RHEE K P,KIM K. A new sea trial method for estimating hydrodynamic derivatives[J]. Journal of ship and ocean technology,1999,3(3):25-44.
[21]PAN Yucun,ZHANG Huaixin,ZHOU Qidou. Numerical prediction of submarine hydrodynamic coefficients using CFD simulation[J]. Journal of hydrodynamic,Ser. B,2012,24(6):840-847.
[2]李刚.穿梭潜器水动力特性的数值模拟和试验研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2011:14-22.LI Gang,Numerical and experimental research on hydrodynamic characters of shuttle submersible[D]. Harbin:Harbin Engineering University,2011:14-22.
[3]RACINE B,PATERSON E. CFD-based method for simulation of marine-vehicle maneuvering[C]//35th AIAA Fluid Dynamics Conference and Exhibit. Toronto,Canada,2013.
[4]KIM H,AKIMOTO H,ISLAM H. Estimation of the hydrodynamic derivatives by RaNS simulation of planar motion mechanism test[J]. Ocean engineering, 2015, 108:129-139.
[5]HAJIVAND A,MOUSAVIZADEGAN S H. Virtual simulation of maneuvering captive tests for a surface vessel[J].International journal of naval architecture and ocean engineering,2015,7(5):848-872.
[6]SUZUKI H,SAKAGUCHI J,INOUE T,et al. Evaluation of methods to estimate hydrodynamic force coefficients of underwater vehicle based on CFD[J]. IFAC proceedings volumes,2013,46(33):197-202.
[7]林兆伟,孟生,殷洪,等.潜器操纵性水动力系数的数值预报方法[J].中国造船,2016,57(1):59-68.LIN Zhaowei,MENG Sheng,YIN Hong,et al. Numerical prediction of maneuverability of underwater vehicle[J].Ship building of China,2016,57(1):59-68.
[8]杨勇.非定常操纵运动船体水动力数值计算[D].上海:上海交通大学,2011:62-74.YANG Yong. Calculation of unsteady hydrodynamic forces on a maneuvering ship[D]. Shanghai:Shanghai JiaoTong University,2011:62-74.
[9]赵金鑫.某潜器水动力性能计算及运动仿真[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2011:20-50.ZHAO Jinxin. The hydrodynamic performance calculation and motion simulation of an AUV with appendages[D].Harbin:Harbin Engineering University,2011:20-50.
[10]程捷,张志国,蒋奉兼,等.平面运动机构试验的数值模拟[J].水动力学研究与进展,2013,28(4):60-464.CHEN Jie,ZHANG Zhiguo,JIANG Fengjian,et al. Numerical simulation of the planar motion mechanism tests[J]. Journal of hydrodynamics,2013,28(4):60-464.
[11]刘山.基于CFD技术数值模拟平面运动机构试验[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2012:62-75.LIU Shan. Numerical simulation of planar motion mechanism test based on CFD technology[D]. Wuhan:Wuhan Institute of Technology,2012:62-75.
[12]WU Xiaocui,WANG Yiwei,HUANG Chenguang,et al.An effective CFD approach for marine-vehicle maneuvering simulation based on the hybrid reference frames method[J]. Ocean engineering,2015,109:83-92.
[13]刘帅,葛彤,赵敏.基于源项法的潜艇旋臂试验模拟[J].大连海事大学学报,2011,37(2):1-4.LIU Shuai,GE Tong,ZHAO Min. Simulation for submarine rotating-arm test based on added momentum source method[J]. Journal of Dalian maritime university,2011,37(2):1-4.
[14]肖昌润,刘瑞杰,许可,等.潜艇旋臂回转试验数值模拟[J].江苏科技大学学报(自然科学版),2014,28(4):313-316.XIAO Changrun,LIU Ruijie,XU Ke,et al. Simulation for submarine rotating-arm tests[J]. Journal of Jiangsu University of Science and Technology(natural science edition),2014,28(4):313-316.
[15]李慧,赵琳,毛英.海况干扰下潜艇六自由度运动分析[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2017,38(1):94-100.LI Hui,ZHAO Lin,MAO Ying. Analysis of six-degreeof-freedom motion in submarines under sea disturbance[J]. Journal of Harbin Engineering University,2017,38(1):94-100.
[16]谢兰,高东红.非线性回归方法的应用与比较[J].数学的实践与认识,2009,39(10):117-121.XIE Lan,GAO Donghong. The application and comparison of different nonlinear fit methods[J]. Mathematics in practice and theory,2009,39(10):117-121.
[17]施生达.潜艇操纵性[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1995:149-169.
[18]王庆云,庞永杰,李伟坡,等.系列舵翼潜艇水动力系数数值计算及试验研究[J].舰船科学技术,2015,37(11):21-26.WANG Qingyun, PANG Yongjie, LI Weipo, et al.Numerical calculation and experimental study of hydrodynamic coefficients of submarine of a series of rudder and wing[J]. Ship science and technology,2015,37(11):21-26.
[19]王庆云.操纵装置对潜艇操纵性能的影响研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2016.WANG Qingyun. Research on the influence of control device to maneuverability of submarine[D]. Harbin:Harbin Engineering University,2016.
[20]RHEE K P,KIM K. A new sea trial method for estimating hydrodynamic derivatives[J]. Journal of ship and ocean technology,1999,3(3):25-44.
[21]PAN Yucun,ZHANG Huaixin,ZHOU Qidou. Numerical prediction of submarine hydrodynamic coefficients using CFD simulation[J]. Journal of hydrodynamic,Ser. B,2012,24(6):840-847.