振动力场下PP/CF复合材料的结构与力学性能
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摘要
采用最新开发的平衡式三螺杆动态混炼挤出机在稳态与振动条件下制备了PP/CF复合材料。探究了振动力场对不同配比的PP/CF复合材料的微观结构和力学性能的影响,以及不同振动参数对PP/CF复合材料的微观结构和力学性能的影响。结果表明,振动力场的加入不仅促进了CF在PP基体中的均匀分散,而且增强了PP与CF的界面结合,从而提高了复合材料的力学性能。与此同时,强度过大的振动力场会导致复合材料中CF的平均长度下降,使其力学性能下降。当振幅A=0. 4 mm,振频f=10 Hz时,PP/CF复合材料的力学性能达到最优,此时获得的PP/CF复合材料的拉伸强度和冲击强度比在稳态挤出条件下分别提升了约28%和18%。
Applying newly developed balanced three-screw dynamic extruder,polypropylene/carbon fiber(PP/CF)composite was prepared by steady extrusion and vibration extrusion. The effects of vibration force field on the micro structure,mechanical properties of PP/CF composite with different proportions and the effects of vibration force field with different parameters on the micro structure,mechanical properties of PP/CF composite were investigated. The results showed that,compared with steady extrusion,vibration extrusion not only prompted the desperation of CF in the composite but also reinforced the interfacial compatibility. Meanwhile,excessive vibration force field could lead to the decrease of the average length of CFs in the composite,thus the mechanical properties of the composite declined. When the vibration amplitude was set at 0. 4 mm and the vibration frequency was set at 10 Hz,the PP/CF composite had the best comprehensive mechanical properties,the tensile strength and the impact strength of the PP/CF composite increased by about 28% and 18% compared with the composite prepared by steady extrusion.
Applying newly developed balanced three-screw dynamic extruder,polypropylene/carbon fiber(PP/CF)composite was prepared by steady extrusion and vibration extrusion. The effects of vibration force field on the micro structure,mechanical properties of PP/CF composite with different proportions and the effects of vibration force field with different parameters on the micro structure,mechanical properties of PP/CF composite were investigated. The results showed that,compared with steady extrusion,vibration extrusion not only prompted the desperation of CF in the composite but also reinforced the interfacial compatibility. Meanwhile,excessive vibration force field could lead to the decrease of the average length of CFs in the composite,thus the mechanical properties of the composite declined. When the vibration amplitude was set at 0. 4 mm and the vibration frequency was set at 10 Hz,the PP/CF composite had the best comprehensive mechanical properties,the tensile strength and the impact strength of the PP/CF composite increased by about 28% and 18% compared with the composite prepared by steady extrusion.
引文
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[2] SAITO N,AOKI K,USUI Y,et al. Application of carbon fibers to biomaterials:a new era of nano-level control of carbon fibers after 30-years of development[J]. Chemical Society Reviews,2011,40(7):3824-3834.
[3]张菡英,刘明.碳纤维复合材料的发展及应用[J].工程塑料应用,2015,43(11):132-135.
[4]李威,郭权锋.碳纤维复合材料在航天领域的应用[J].中国光学,2011,4(3):201-211.
[5]张晓虎,孟宇,张炜.碳纤维增强复合材料技术发展现状及趋势[J].纤维复合材料,2004(1):50-53.
[6]吴启保,廖林,瞿金平.振动技术在塑料成型加工中的应用[J].合成材料老化与应用,2000(1):19-23
[7]何鹏,徐振明,傅勇,等. TekFlow聚合物熔体振动挤出成型技术[J].现代塑料加工应用,2010,22(1):60-63.
[8] LI Y,SHEN K. Improving melt flow behavior via melt vibration[J].Journal of Macromolecular Science,Part B:Physics,2007,46(4):785-792.
[9]石宝山,蔡永洪,何和智,等.振动技术在塑料挤出成型中的应用[J].塑料科技,2006,34(2):12-17.
[10]陈金伟.聚合物熔体振荡推拉成型试样的结构与性能研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2014.
[11]何和智.聚合物复合材料三螺杆动态挤出过程及其结构性能研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2012.
[12] QU J,ZENG G,FENG Y,et al. Effect of screw axial vibration on polymer melting process in single-screw extruders[J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2006,100(5):3860-3876.
[13]何和智,王瑗,闫卫斌,等.振动力场作用下PP/CaCO3共混物的力学性能[J].华南理工大学学报:自然科学版,2007,35(8):75-79.
[14]付莉红,王中武,严山明,等.振动挤出对聚烯烃流变行为的影响[J].塑料科技,2013,41(2):41-43.
[15] IBAR J P. Processing polymer melt under rheo-fluidification flow conditions,part 1:boosting shear-thinning by adding low frequency nonlinear vibration to induce strain softening[J]. Journal of Macromolecular Science,Part B:Physics,2013,52(3):407-441.
[16] KHAN S U,KIM J. Improved interlaminar shear properties of multiscale carbon fiber composites with bucky paper interleaves made from carbon nanofibers[J]. Carbon,2012,50(14):5265-5277.
[17]柳天磊.振动力场强化塑料挤出过程混合机理研究[D].江门:五邑大学,2011.
[18]季斌,瞿金平,何光建,等.三螺杆动态混炼挤出机制备TPV的力学性能研究[J].中国塑料,2005,19(10):48-52
[19]华南理工大学,广州华新科实业有限公司.平衡式三螺杆振动力场强化塑化混炼挤出方法及设备:中国,CN105856530A[P].2016-08-17.
[20]王克俭,益小苏,周持兴.振动共混转矩流变仪及其应用[J].塑料,2002,31(6):44-50.