加热工艺对含磷高强钢氧化行为的影响
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摘要
含磷高强钢具有良好的成形性能和较高的强度,被广泛用于汽车零件冲压成形。除了磷元素,含磷高强钢中通常还含有锰、硅等合金元素进行固溶强化,这些合金元素在退火过程中容易发生选择性氧化。采用镀锌模拟器研究了加热过程的露点温度对含磷高强钢在加热过程中的氧化行为。采用扫描电镜、辉光放电光谱仪以及光电子能谱仪分别分析了含磷高强钢的表面微观形貌、元素深度分布以及表面化合物种类。结果表明,加热过程的露点温度对合金元素在表面的氧化行为有显著影响,较高的加热过程露点温度可以显著抑制锰元素和硅元素在表面的选择性氧化行为,但是会加速磷元素在表面的偏析。进一步研究表明,磷元素在样品表面以磷酸盐形式存在。
With excellent formability and high strength,P-bearing high strength steel is utilized to stamping parts in automobile industry. Except P,several other alloying elements,such as Mn,Si,are added into the P-bearing high strength steel for solid solution strengthing. These alloying elements are prone to be selectively oxidized during annealing. A Pbearing steel was studied through a Hot-Dip Process Simulator to investigate effect of dew point during heating on oxidation behavior. Scanning electron microscope(SEM),glow-discharge optical omission spectroscopy(GD-OES)and Xray photo-electron spectroscopy(XPS)were used to illustrate micromorphology of the surface,alloying elements depth distribution profile and kinds of compound on the external surface respectively. Results show that the dew point during heating greatly impact the oxidation behavior of alloying elements on the external surface. Moreover higher dew point during heating results in suppressing selective oxidation of Mn and Si on the external surface while promoting enriching of P to the external surface. Furthermore,it indicates that the P exists in phosphates on the external surface.
With excellent formability and high strength,P-bearing high strength steel is utilized to stamping parts in automobile industry. Except P,several other alloying elements,such as Mn,Si,are added into the P-bearing high strength steel for solid solution strengthing. These alloying elements are prone to be selectively oxidized during annealing. A Pbearing steel was studied through a Hot-Dip Process Simulator to investigate effect of dew point during heating on oxidation behavior. Scanning electron microscope(SEM),glow-discharge optical omission spectroscopy(GD-OES)and Xray photo-electron spectroscopy(XPS)were used to illustrate micromorphology of the surface,alloying elements depth distribution profile and kinds of compound on the external surface respectively. Results show that the dew point during heating greatly impact the oxidation behavior of alloying elements on the external surface. Moreover higher dew point during heating results in suppressing selective oxidation of Mn and Si on the external surface while promoting enriching of P to the external surface. Furthermore,it indicates that the P exists in phosphates on the external surface.
引文
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[2]Kim S I,Choi S H,Lee Y.Influence of phosphorous and boron on dynamic recrystallization and microstructures of hotrolled interstitial free steel[J].Materials Science and Engineering:A,2005,406(1):125.
[3]夏明生,李桂兰,张洪波,等.冷轧退火含磷高强IF钢的组织和性能[J].钢铁研究学报,2015,27(12):54.(XIA Mingsheng,LI Gui-lan,ZHANG Hong-bo,et al.Microstructures and properties of phosphorus-containing high strength cold rolled and annealed IF steels[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2015,27(12):54.)
[4]王先进,王作成,唐荻,等.成分及工艺对加磷高强IF钢成形性能的影响[J].钢铁,1993,28(3):34.(WANG Xian-jin,WANG Zuo-cheng,TANG Di,et al.Effect of chemical composition and process of extra-low-carbon P-added high-strength IF steel on drawability[J].Iron and Steel,1993,28(3):34.)
[5]赵岩,蔡晓辉,刘振宇.连续退火参数对980 MPa级冷轧双相钢组织和性能的影响[J].钢铁研究学报,2015,27(2):55.(ZHAO Yan,CAI Xiao-hui,LIU Zhen-yu.Effects of continuous annealing parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties of 980 MPa cold-rolled dual-phase steel[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2015,27(2):55.)
[6]Vanden Eynde X,Servais J P,Lamberigts M.Investigation into the surface selective oxidation of dual-phase steels by XPS,SAM and SIMS[J].Surface and Interface Analysis,2003,35(12):1004.
[7]LIU H,LI F,SHI W,et al.Challenges in hot-dip galvanizing of high strength dual phase steel:Surface selective oxidation and mechanical property degradation[J].Surface and Coatings Technology,2012,206(16):3428.
[8]Hertveldt I,De Cooman B C,Claessens S.Influence of annealing conditions on the galvanizability and galvannealing properties of Ti Nb interstitial-free steels,strengthened with phosphorous and manganese[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions:A,2000,31(4):1225.
[9]Mahieu J,Claessens S,De Cooman B C,et al.Surface and sub-surface characterization of Si-,Al-and P-alloyed TRIPaided steel[C]//Proceedings of 6th International Conference on Zinc and Zinc Alloy Coated Steel Sheet.Chicago:Association for Iron and Steel Technology,2004:78.
[10]JIANG G,TENG H,WANG H,et al.Selective oxidation in press hardening steel during annealing with different dew points[C]//Proceedings of 9th International Conference on Zinc and Zinc Alloy Coated Steel Sheet and 2nd Asia-Pacific Galvanizing Conference.Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2013:109.
[11]Maki J,Mahieu J,De Cooman B C,et al.Galvanisability of silicon free CMn Al TRIP steels[J].Materials Science and Technology,2003,19(1):125.
[12]Huin D,Flauder P,Leblond J B.Numerical simulation of internal oxidation of steels during annealing treatments[J].Oxidation of Metals,2005,64(1/2):131.
[13]Parezanovic I,Spiegel M.Influence of B,S,P,Si and C segregation on the selective oxidation of dual phase and interstitial free steels[J].Journal of the Association of Physicians of India,2004,38(8):275.
[14]Cho L,Kim M S,Kim Y H,et al.Influence of minor alloying elements on selective oxidation and reactive wetting of CMn Si TRIP steel during hot dip galvanizing[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions:A,2014,45(10):4484.
[15]Oh J,Cho L,Kim M,et al.The effect of Bi on the selective oxide formation on CMn Si TRIP steel[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions:A,2016,47(11):5474.
[16]Erhart H,Grabke H J.Equilibrium segregation of phosphorus at grain boundaries of Fe-P,Fe-C-P,Fe-Cr-P,and Fe-Cr-C-P Alloys[J].Metal Science,1981,15(9):401.
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