长江三角洲地区特色小镇地域类型及其适应性营造路径
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摘要
特色小镇作为一种新型小城镇发展模式,具有重要的人口-产业-文化多维一体集聚与示范意义。选取长三角地区69个特色小镇为研究对象,运用ArcGIS10.5空间分析及SPSS20.0聚类分析等方法研究其空间特征及地域类型。研究发现:①长三角地区特色小镇分布趋于集聚型,具多个密集区,集中在以上海为核心的江浙沪皖交界处,各市域特色小镇分布不均衡,空间形态呈一心多组团集聚格局,沿交通干线呈带状分布,并且多位于县际边缘区;②特色小镇类型多样,地方特色资源与文化影响显著,长三角地区两批特色小镇中工业发展型特色居首,旅游发展型相对下降;地域类型呈现5类,其中平原地区工业发展型或农业服务型、河网或低山历史文化-旅游型地域本底条件优势显著。建议未来发展应考虑特色小镇区际异质性与邻近趋同性,注重毗邻县界多镇组团利用各自产业优势联动发展,提升整体竞争力。
The Characteristic Town, as a new type of development model for small towns, is with important significance of multidimensional agglomeration and demonstration in the field of population, industry and culture. 69 characteristic towns in the Yangtze River Delta Region are selected as research objects in this study,the methods of ArcGIS spatial analysis and SPSS cluster analysis are applied to demonstrate the spatial characteristics and regional types of Characteristic Town. The research result can be concluded that: 1) The distribution of the characteristic towns in the Yangtze River Delta Region tends to be concentrated in multiple dense areas, particularly, concentrated in the junction of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai and Anhui with Shanghai as the core. The distribution of the characteristic towns in different cities is uneven, and its spatial form is a core with multi-group clusters, it is distributed along the main traffic line and is mostly located in the inter-provincial marginalized area. 2) There are various types of characteristic towns, which significantly influenced by the local characteristic resources and culture. The industrial development-oriented towns are growing, and the tourism-developing characteristic towns are relatively declining in the Yangtze River Delta Region. The geographical types of characteristic towns can be divided into five categories, including the industrial development-type characteristic towns in the plain area or the agricultural service-type characteristic towns, the river network-type characteristic towns or the low-town historical and cultural characteristic towns-tourism-type characteristic towns. It is suggested that the future development should consider the inter-regional heterogeneity and proximity convergence of the characteristic towns, and pay attention to the adjacent township multi-town group to use their respective industrial advantages to jointly develop and enhance the overall competitiveness.
The Characteristic Town, as a new type of development model for small towns, is with important significance of multidimensional agglomeration and demonstration in the field of population, industry and culture. 69 characteristic towns in the Yangtze River Delta Region are selected as research objects in this study,the methods of ArcGIS spatial analysis and SPSS cluster analysis are applied to demonstrate the spatial characteristics and regional types of Characteristic Town. The research result can be concluded that: 1) The distribution of the characteristic towns in the Yangtze River Delta Region tends to be concentrated in multiple dense areas, particularly, concentrated in the junction of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai and Anhui with Shanghai as the core. The distribution of the characteristic towns in different cities is uneven, and its spatial form is a core with multi-group clusters, it is distributed along the main traffic line and is mostly located in the inter-provincial marginalized area. 2) There are various types of characteristic towns, which significantly influenced by the local characteristic resources and culture. The industrial development-oriented towns are growing, and the tourism-developing characteristic towns are relatively declining in the Yangtze River Delta Region. The geographical types of characteristic towns can be divided into five categories, including the industrial development-type characteristic towns in the plain area or the agricultural service-type characteristic towns, the river network-type characteristic towns or the low-town historical and cultural characteristic towns-tourism-type characteristic towns. It is suggested that the future development should consider the inter-regional heterogeneity and proximity convergence of the characteristic towns, and pay attention to the adjacent township multi-town group to use their respective industrial advantages to jointly develop and enhance the overall competitiveness.
引文
[1]曾江,慈锋.新型城镇化背景下特色小镇建设[J].宏观经济管理,2016(12):51-56.[Zeng Jiang,Ci Feng.Construction of characteristic towns under the background of new urbanization.Macroeconomic Management,2016(12):51-56.]
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[7]卫龙宝,史新杰.浙江特色小镇建设的若干思考与建议[J].浙江社会科学,2016(3):28-32.[Wei Longbao,Shi Xinjie.Some thoughts and suggestions on the construction of small towns with Zhejiang characteristics.Zhejiang Social Sciences,2016(3):28-32.]
[8]盛世豪,张伟明.特色小镇:一种产业空间组织形式[J].浙江社会科学,2016(3):36-38.[Sheng Shihao,Zhang Weiming.Characteristic town:A form of industrial spatial organization.Zhejiang Social Sciences,2016(3):36-38.]
[9]林晓群,朱喜钢,孙洁,等.从“广度研究”走向“深度研究”--中国小城镇空间结构研究的转型与升级[J].人文地理,2017,32(3):86-92.[Lin Xiaoqun,Zhu Xigang,Sun Jie.From breadth to depth:The transformation and upgrade of spatial structure studies of small towns in China.Human Geography,2017,32(3):86-92.]
[10]赵鹏军,刘迪.中国小城镇基础设施与社会经济发展的关联分析[J].地理科学进展,2018,37(9):1245-1256.[Zhao Pengjun,Liu Di.Analysis of the relationships between infrastructure and socioeconomic development in towns of China.Progress in Geography,2018,37(9):1245-1256.]
[11]周锦,赵正玉.乡村振兴战略背景下的文化建设路径研究[J].农村经济,2018(9):9-15.[Zhou Jin,Zhao Zhengyu.Research on the path of cultural construction under the strategic background of rural revitalization.Rural Economy,2018(9):9-15.]
[12]庄晋财,卢文秀,华贤宇.产业链空间分置与特色小镇产业培育[J].学习与实践,2018(8):36-43.[Zhuang Jincai,Lu Wenxiu,Hua Xianyu.Spatial distribution of industrial Chain and industrial cultivation of characteristic towns.Learning and Practice,2018(8):36-43.]
[13]罗震东,何鹤鸣.全球城市区域中的小城镇发展特征与趋势研究--以长江三角洲为例[J].城市规划,2013,37(1):9-16.[Luo Zhendong,He Heming.Study on development characteristics and trends of small towns in the global city-region:A case study on Yangtze River Delta.City Planning Review,2013,37(1):9-16.]
[14]李涛.产业集聚视角下我国特色小镇创新体系研究[J].科学管理研究,2017,35(6):61-64.[Li Tao.Research on the innovation system of characteristic town in China from the perpective of industrial agglomeration.Scientific Management Research,2017,35(6):61-64.]
[15]中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.住房和城乡建设部、国家文物局关于公布中国历史文化名镇名村(共六批)的通知[EB/OL].2003-10-23,2005-9-16,2007-5-31,2008-10-14,2010-7-22,2014-2-19.http://www.mohurd.gov.cn/wjfb/201403/t20140307_217284.html.[Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China.Circular of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the State Administration of Cultural relics on the publication of the famous villages of famous Historical and Cultural towns in China(a total of six batches).2003-10-23,2005-9-16,2007-5-31,2008-10-14,2010-7-22,2014-2-19.http://www.mohurd.gov.cn/wjfb.]
[16]中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.关于公布全国特色景观旅游名镇(村)示范名单(第一、二、三批)的通知[EB/OL].2010-3-10,2011-7-15,2015-7-13.http://www.mohurd.gov.cn/wjfb.[[Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China.Notice on the publication of the national famous scenic tourist town(village)demonstration list(first,second and third batches)by Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China.2010-3-10,2011-7-15,2015-7-13.http://www.mohurd.gov.cn/wjfb.]
[17]程乾,凌素培.中国非物质文化遗产的空间分布特征及影响因素分析[J].地理科学,2013,33(10):1166-1172.[Cheng Qian,Ling Supei.Geographical distribution and affecting factors of the intangible cultural heritage in China.Scientia Geographica Sinica,2013,33(10):1166-1172.]
[18]康璟瑶,章锦河,胡欢,等.中国传统村落空间分布特征分析[J].地理科学进展,2016,35(7):839-850.[Kang Jingyao,Zhang Jinghe,Hu Huan et al.Analysis on the spatial distribution characteristics of Chinese traditional villages.Progress in Geography,2016,35(7):839-850.]
[19]李鑫,李兴校,欧名豪.江苏省城镇化发展协调度评价与地区差异分析[J].人文地理,2012,27(3):50-54.[Li Xin,Li Xingxiao,Ou Minghao.Evaluation of urbanization development coordination and analysis of regional disparities in Jiangsu Province.Human Geography,2012,27(3):50-54.]
[20]杨璐璐.中部六省城镇化质量空间格局演变及驱动因素[J].经济地理,2015,35(1):68-75.[Yang Lulu.Evolution of spatial pattern of urbanization quality and its driving factors in Central China.Economic Geography,2015,35(1):68-75.]
[21]李伯华,尹莎,刘沛林,等.湖南省传统村落空间分布特征及影响因素分析[J].经济地理,2015,35(2):189-194.[Li Bohua,Yin Sha,Liu Peilin et al.Spatial distribution of traditional villages and the influencing factors in Hunan Province.Economic Geography,2015,35(2):189-194.]
[22]施从美,江亚洲.基于K-均值聚类统计的特色小镇评价[J].统计与决策,2018,34(21):57-59.[Shi Congmei,Jiang Yazhou.Evaluation of characteristic towns based on K-means clustering statistics.Statistics and Decision,2018,34(21):57-59.]
[23]吴健生,毛家颖,林倩,等.基于生境质量的城市增长边界研究[J].地理科学,2017,37(1):28-36.[Wu Jiansheng,Mao Jiaying,Lin Qian et al.Urban growth boundary based on the evaluation of habitat quality.Scientia Geographica Sinica,2017,37(1):28-36.]
[24]武前波,徐伟.新时期传统小城镇向特色小镇转型的理论逻辑[J].经济地理,2018,38(2):82-89.[Wu Qianbo,Xu Wei.The theoretical logic of the transformation of the traditional town to the special small-town in the context of urban society.Economic Geography,2018,38(2):82-89]
[2]段进军,翟令鑫.关于特色小镇空间生产实践的思考[J].苏州大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2018,39(5):112-119.[Duan Jinjun,Zhai Lingxin.Reflections on the spatial production practice of characteristic towns.Journal of Suzhou University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition),2018,39(5):112-119.]
[3]Grzegorz Masik.An agency perspective of resilience:The case of Pomorskie region[J].European Planning Studies,2018,26(5):1-18.
[4]谢宏,李颖灏,韦有义.浙江省特色小镇的空间结构特征及影响因素研究[J].地理科学,2018,38(8):1283-1291.[Xie Hong,Li Yinghao,Wei Youyi.Influencing factors and spatial distribution of the characteristic towns in Zhejiang Province.Scientia Geographica Sinica,2018,38(8):1283-1291.]
[5]李国平,席强敏,吴爱芝,等.中国小城镇产业结构特征及影响因素研究[J].地理科学,2018,38(11):1769-1776.[Li Guoping,Xi Qiangmin,Wu Aizhi et al.Characteristics and influencing factors of industrial structure of small towns in China.Scientia Geographica Sinica,2018,38(11):1769-1776.]
[6]马仁锋,金邑霞,赵一然.乡村振兴规律的浙江探索[J].华东经济管理,2018,37(12):7-13.[Ma Renfeng,Jin Yixia,Zhao Yiran.Exploration of the trace and law of rural rejuvenation in Zhejiang Province.East China Economic Management,2018,37(12):7-13.]
[7]卫龙宝,史新杰.浙江特色小镇建设的若干思考与建议[J].浙江社会科学,2016(3):28-32.[Wei Longbao,Shi Xinjie.Some thoughts and suggestions on the construction of small towns with Zhejiang characteristics.Zhejiang Social Sciences,2016(3):28-32.]
[8]盛世豪,张伟明.特色小镇:一种产业空间组织形式[J].浙江社会科学,2016(3):36-38.[Sheng Shihao,Zhang Weiming.Characteristic town:A form of industrial spatial organization.Zhejiang Social Sciences,2016(3):36-38.]
[9]林晓群,朱喜钢,孙洁,等.从“广度研究”走向“深度研究”--中国小城镇空间结构研究的转型与升级[J].人文地理,2017,32(3):86-92.[Lin Xiaoqun,Zhu Xigang,Sun Jie.From breadth to depth:The transformation and upgrade of spatial structure studies of small towns in China.Human Geography,2017,32(3):86-92.]
[10]赵鹏军,刘迪.中国小城镇基础设施与社会经济发展的关联分析[J].地理科学进展,2018,37(9):1245-1256.[Zhao Pengjun,Liu Di.Analysis of the relationships between infrastructure and socioeconomic development in towns of China.Progress in Geography,2018,37(9):1245-1256.]
[11]周锦,赵正玉.乡村振兴战略背景下的文化建设路径研究[J].农村经济,2018(9):9-15.[Zhou Jin,Zhao Zhengyu.Research on the path of cultural construction under the strategic background of rural revitalization.Rural Economy,2018(9):9-15.]
[12]庄晋财,卢文秀,华贤宇.产业链空间分置与特色小镇产业培育[J].学习与实践,2018(8):36-43.[Zhuang Jincai,Lu Wenxiu,Hua Xianyu.Spatial distribution of industrial Chain and industrial cultivation of characteristic towns.Learning and Practice,2018(8):36-43.]
[13]罗震东,何鹤鸣.全球城市区域中的小城镇发展特征与趋势研究--以长江三角洲为例[J].城市规划,2013,37(1):9-16.[Luo Zhendong,He Heming.Study on development characteristics and trends of small towns in the global city-region:A case study on Yangtze River Delta.City Planning Review,2013,37(1):9-16.]
[14]李涛.产业集聚视角下我国特色小镇创新体系研究[J].科学管理研究,2017,35(6):61-64.[Li Tao.Research on the innovation system of characteristic town in China from the perpective of industrial agglomeration.Scientific Management Research,2017,35(6):61-64.]
[15]中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.住房和城乡建设部、国家文物局关于公布中国历史文化名镇名村(共六批)的通知[EB/OL].2003-10-23,2005-9-16,2007-5-31,2008-10-14,2010-7-22,2014-2-19.http://www.mohurd.gov.cn/wjfb/201403/t20140307_217284.html.[Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China.Circular of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the State Administration of Cultural relics on the publication of the famous villages of famous Historical and Cultural towns in China(a total of six batches).2003-10-23,2005-9-16,2007-5-31,2008-10-14,2010-7-22,2014-2-19.http://www.mohurd.gov.cn/wjfb.]
[16]中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.关于公布全国特色景观旅游名镇(村)示范名单(第一、二、三批)的通知[EB/OL].2010-3-10,2011-7-15,2015-7-13.http://www.mohurd.gov.cn/wjfb.[[Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China.Notice on the publication of the national famous scenic tourist town(village)demonstration list(first,second and third batches)by Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China.2010-3-10,2011-7-15,2015-7-13.http://www.mohurd.gov.cn/wjfb.]
[17]程乾,凌素培.中国非物质文化遗产的空间分布特征及影响因素分析[J].地理科学,2013,33(10):1166-1172.[Cheng Qian,Ling Supei.Geographical distribution and affecting factors of the intangible cultural heritage in China.Scientia Geographica Sinica,2013,33(10):1166-1172.]
[18]康璟瑶,章锦河,胡欢,等.中国传统村落空间分布特征分析[J].地理科学进展,2016,35(7):839-850.[Kang Jingyao,Zhang Jinghe,Hu Huan et al.Analysis on the spatial distribution characteristics of Chinese traditional villages.Progress in Geography,2016,35(7):839-850.]
[19]李鑫,李兴校,欧名豪.江苏省城镇化发展协调度评价与地区差异分析[J].人文地理,2012,27(3):50-54.[Li Xin,Li Xingxiao,Ou Minghao.Evaluation of urbanization development coordination and analysis of regional disparities in Jiangsu Province.Human Geography,2012,27(3):50-54.]
[20]杨璐璐.中部六省城镇化质量空间格局演变及驱动因素[J].经济地理,2015,35(1):68-75.[Yang Lulu.Evolution of spatial pattern of urbanization quality and its driving factors in Central China.Economic Geography,2015,35(1):68-75.]
[21]李伯华,尹莎,刘沛林,等.湖南省传统村落空间分布特征及影响因素分析[J].经济地理,2015,35(2):189-194.[Li Bohua,Yin Sha,Liu Peilin et al.Spatial distribution of traditional villages and the influencing factors in Hunan Province.Economic Geography,2015,35(2):189-194.]
[22]施从美,江亚洲.基于K-均值聚类统计的特色小镇评价[J].统计与决策,2018,34(21):57-59.[Shi Congmei,Jiang Yazhou.Evaluation of characteristic towns based on K-means clustering statistics.Statistics and Decision,2018,34(21):57-59.]
[23]吴健生,毛家颖,林倩,等.基于生境质量的城市增长边界研究[J].地理科学,2017,37(1):28-36.[Wu Jiansheng,Mao Jiaying,Lin Qian et al.Urban growth boundary based on the evaluation of habitat quality.Scientia Geographica Sinica,2017,37(1):28-36.]
[24]武前波,徐伟.新时期传统小城镇向特色小镇转型的理论逻辑[J].经济地理,2018,38(2):82-89.[Wu Qianbo,Xu Wei.The theoretical logic of the transformation of the traditional town to the special small-town in the context of urban society.Economic Geography,2018,38(2):82-89]