基于功率流的弹性分开式扣件垂向刚度匹配
|
摘要
针对弹性分开式扣件系统轨底橡胶垫板和板下橡胶垫板刚度匹配问题开展研究。基于功率流理论,采用谐响应分析方法,以地铁用弹性分开式扣件系统为例,在扣件系统合理垂向总刚度确定的条件下,从能量耗散角度在频域内来进一步精细化评价双层刚度匹配,给出较优上下刚度匹配配置。研究发现,弹性分开式扣件系统的总刚度决定了传递至轨道板的振动功率流的主要频域特性,轨底垫板和板下垫板刚度相对大小的不同会造成频移现象,前者刚度大于后者时,振动功率流偏高频且变化敏感,反之偏低频且稳定。建议:按轨底弹性垫板刚度大于板下垫板刚度的方式设置两者刚度匹配,且尽可能增大两者刚度差异。如扣件系统总刚度30±10 kN/mm,建议轨底垫板100 kN/mm左右、板下垫板30 kN/mm左右。
The stiffness matching of rail pad and base pad in the elastic split fastening system is studied in this paper. Based on the theory of vibration power flow and harmonic response analysis method, from the perspectives of vibration reduction and energy dissipation, with a certain total stiffness, this paper further explores the stiffness matching in metro line used elastic split fastening system in frequency domain. The results show that the total stiffness of fastening system determines the main frequency domain characteristics of the vibration power flow that transmits to the track plate. The difference between the relative stiffness of rail pad and base pad will cause the frequency shift. With stiff rail pad and soft base pad, the vibration power flow tends to high frequency band and sensitive to the total stiffness, and vice versa low frequency band and stable. It is recommended that rail pad should be stiffer than base pad, and as much as possible. When the total stiffness of the fastening system is about 30 kN/mm, the proposed rail pad is about 100 kN/mm, while the base pad is about 30 kN/mm.
The stiffness matching of rail pad and base pad in the elastic split fastening system is studied in this paper. Based on the theory of vibration power flow and harmonic response analysis method, from the perspectives of vibration reduction and energy dissipation, with a certain total stiffness, this paper further explores the stiffness matching in metro line used elastic split fastening system in frequency domain. The results show that the total stiffness of fastening system determines the main frequency domain characteristics of the vibration power flow that transmits to the track plate. The difference between the relative stiffness of rail pad and base pad will cause the frequency shift. With stiff rail pad and soft base pad, the vibration power flow tends to high frequency band and sensitive to the total stiffness, and vice versa low frequency band and stable. It is recommended that rail pad should be stiffer than base pad, and as much as possible. When the total stiffness of the fastening system is about 30 kN/mm, the proposed rail pad is about 100 kN/mm, while the base pad is about 30 kN/mm.
引文
[1]王其昌.无碴轨道钢轨扣件[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,2006.WANG Qichang.Fastening systems in non-ballasted track[M].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University Press,2006.
[2]李成辉.轨道[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,2005.LI Chenghui.Railway track[M].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University Press,2005.
[3]张丽萍,盖晓野,杨荣山.大调整量扣件系统结构设计研究[J].铁道建筑,2010,50(12):91-93.ZHANG Liping,GAI Xiaoye,YANG Rongshan.Structural design study on rail fastening system with large adjusting range[J].Railway Engineering,2010,50(12):91-93.
[4]许佑顶.高速铁路无砟轨道扣件设计要点[J].铁道工程学报,2010,27(47):40-43.XU Youding.Key points for design of ballastless track fastening of high-speed railway[J].Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2010,27(4):40-43.
[5]王宇.地铁弹性分开式扣件合理垂向刚度匹配研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2015.WANG Yu.Research of reasonable vertical stiffness of elastic separated rail fastening[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2015.
[6]郭成满,杨荣山.WJ-8型小阻力扣件轨下胶垫滑出纵向阻力试验研究[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2015,12(4):749-754.GUO Chengman,YANG Rongshan.Experiment of longitudinal resistance of WJ-8 type small resistance fastener with the sliding of rubber pad[J].Journal of Railway Science and Engineering,2015,12(4):749-754.
[7]齐少轩,刘学毅.地铁弹条Ⅱ型分开式扣件力学特性研究[J].铁道标准设计,2014,58(9):40-43.QI Shaoxuan,LIU Xueyi.Research of mechanics characteristics of elastic barⅡseparated rail fastening[J].Railway Standard Design,2014,58(9):40-43.
[8]Selig E,Li D.Track modulus:its meaning and factors influencing it[J].Transportation Research Record,1994,1470(1):47-54.
[9]Frohling R,Scheffel H,Ebersohn W.The vertical dynamic response of a rail vehicle caused by track stiffness variations along the track[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,1996,25(1):17-31.
[10]Kerr A.On the determination of the rail support modulusk[J].International Journal of Solids and Structures,2000,37(32):4335-4351.
[11]翟婉明,蔡成标,王开云.轨道刚度对列车走形性能的影响[J].铁道学报,2000,22(6):80-83.ZHAI Wanming,CAI Chengbiao,WANG Kaiyun.Effect of track stiffness on train running behavior[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2000,22(6):80-83.
[12]赵国堂.铁路轨道刚度的确定方法[J].中国铁道科学,2005,26(1):1-6.ZHAO Guotang.Method for determining the rigidity of railway track[J].China Railway Science,2005,26(1):1-6.
[13]刘学毅.轨道刚度的影响分析及动力学优化[J].西南交通大学学报,2004,39(1):1-5.LIU Xueyi.Effect analysis of track stiffness on dynamic characteristics of wheel-rail system and its dynamic optimization[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2004,39(1):1-5.
[14]张格明.轨道刚度合理值评价指标的研究[J].中国铁道科学,2002,23(1):51-57.ZHANG Geming.Research on right level of track structure stiffness and track-part stiffness[J].China Railway Science,2002,23(1):51-57.
[15]陈小平.高速道岔轨道刚度理论及应用研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2008.CHEN Xiaoping.Study on theory and application of track stiffness in high-speed turnouts[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2008.
[16]WANG Ping,WANG Li,CHEN Rong,et al.Overview and outlook on railway track stiffness measurement[J].Journal of Modern Transportation,2016,24(2):89-102.
[17]蔡成标,徐鹏.高速铁路无砟轨道关键设计参数动力学研究[J].西南交通大学学报,2010,45(4):493-497.CAI Chengbiao,XU Peng.Dynamic analysis of key design parameters for ballastless track of high-speed railway[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2010,45(4):493-497.
[18]GB 50157-2013,地铁设计规范[S].GB 50157-2013,Code for design of metro[S].
[19]TB 10082-2005,铁路轨道设计规范[S].TB 10082-2005,Code for design of railway track[S].
[20]刘鹏辉.轨道结构隔振系统功率流分析[D].北京:中国铁道科学研究院,2006.LIU Penghui.Power flow analysis of vibration isolation system on track structure[D].Beijing:China Academy of Railway Sciences,2006.
[21]李增光,吴天行.铁道车辆-轨道-高架桥耦合系统振动功率流分析[J].振动与冲击,2010,29(11):78-82.LI Zengguang,WU Tianxing.Analysis of vibration power flow for a railway vehicle-track-viaduct coupled system[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2010,29(11):78-82.
[22]倪振华.振动力学[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,1998.NI Zhenhua.Mechanics of vibration[M].Xi’an:Xi’an Jiaotong University Press,1998.
[23]陈宝华.基于频率平均功率流的有源隔振系统研究[D].淄博:山东理工大学,2010.CHEN Baohua.Research of active vibration isolation system based on the frequency average power flow[D].Zibo:Shandong University of Technology,2010.
[24]伍先俊,朱石坚.基于有限元的功率流计算及隔振系统优化设计技术研究[J].船舶力学,2005,9(4):138-145.WU Xianjun,ZHU Shijian.Calculation technique of vibration power flow based on finite element analysis and its application in the isolation system optimization[J].Journal of Ship Mechanics,2005,9(4):138-145.
[25]谷爱军,刘维宁,张厚贵,等.地铁扣件刚度和阻尼对钢轨异常波磨的影响[J].都市快轨交通,2011,24(3):17-21.GU Aijun,LIU Weining,ZHANG Hougui,et al.Impact of rail fastenings’stiffness and damping on abnormal rail corrugation[J].Urban Rapid Rail Transit,2011,24(3):17-21.
[26]翟杰群.地铁振动传播的现场测试与数值分析[D].上海:同济大学,2007.ZHAI Jiequn.Test and analysis of vibration propagation caused by the subway train[D].Shanghai:Tongji University,2007.
[27]吴景壮.地铁运行引起的振动对建筑结构的影响及隔振研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2012.WU Jingzhuang.The impact of vibration on the building structure caused by metro and isolation research[D].Guangzhou:South China University of Technology,2012.
[2]李成辉.轨道[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,2005.LI Chenghui.Railway track[M].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University Press,2005.
[3]张丽萍,盖晓野,杨荣山.大调整量扣件系统结构设计研究[J].铁道建筑,2010,50(12):91-93.ZHANG Liping,GAI Xiaoye,YANG Rongshan.Structural design study on rail fastening system with large adjusting range[J].Railway Engineering,2010,50(12):91-93.
[4]许佑顶.高速铁路无砟轨道扣件设计要点[J].铁道工程学报,2010,27(47):40-43.XU Youding.Key points for design of ballastless track fastening of high-speed railway[J].Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2010,27(4):40-43.
[5]王宇.地铁弹性分开式扣件合理垂向刚度匹配研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2015.WANG Yu.Research of reasonable vertical stiffness of elastic separated rail fastening[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2015.
[6]郭成满,杨荣山.WJ-8型小阻力扣件轨下胶垫滑出纵向阻力试验研究[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2015,12(4):749-754.GUO Chengman,YANG Rongshan.Experiment of longitudinal resistance of WJ-8 type small resistance fastener with the sliding of rubber pad[J].Journal of Railway Science and Engineering,2015,12(4):749-754.
[7]齐少轩,刘学毅.地铁弹条Ⅱ型分开式扣件力学特性研究[J].铁道标准设计,2014,58(9):40-43.QI Shaoxuan,LIU Xueyi.Research of mechanics characteristics of elastic barⅡseparated rail fastening[J].Railway Standard Design,2014,58(9):40-43.
[8]Selig E,Li D.Track modulus:its meaning and factors influencing it[J].Transportation Research Record,1994,1470(1):47-54.
[9]Frohling R,Scheffel H,Ebersohn W.The vertical dynamic response of a rail vehicle caused by track stiffness variations along the track[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,1996,25(1):17-31.
[10]Kerr A.On the determination of the rail support modulusk[J].International Journal of Solids and Structures,2000,37(32):4335-4351.
[11]翟婉明,蔡成标,王开云.轨道刚度对列车走形性能的影响[J].铁道学报,2000,22(6):80-83.ZHAI Wanming,CAI Chengbiao,WANG Kaiyun.Effect of track stiffness on train running behavior[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2000,22(6):80-83.
[12]赵国堂.铁路轨道刚度的确定方法[J].中国铁道科学,2005,26(1):1-6.ZHAO Guotang.Method for determining the rigidity of railway track[J].China Railway Science,2005,26(1):1-6.
[13]刘学毅.轨道刚度的影响分析及动力学优化[J].西南交通大学学报,2004,39(1):1-5.LIU Xueyi.Effect analysis of track stiffness on dynamic characteristics of wheel-rail system and its dynamic optimization[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2004,39(1):1-5.
[14]张格明.轨道刚度合理值评价指标的研究[J].中国铁道科学,2002,23(1):51-57.ZHANG Geming.Research on right level of track structure stiffness and track-part stiffness[J].China Railway Science,2002,23(1):51-57.
[15]陈小平.高速道岔轨道刚度理论及应用研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2008.CHEN Xiaoping.Study on theory and application of track stiffness in high-speed turnouts[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2008.
[16]WANG Ping,WANG Li,CHEN Rong,et al.Overview and outlook on railway track stiffness measurement[J].Journal of Modern Transportation,2016,24(2):89-102.
[17]蔡成标,徐鹏.高速铁路无砟轨道关键设计参数动力学研究[J].西南交通大学学报,2010,45(4):493-497.CAI Chengbiao,XU Peng.Dynamic analysis of key design parameters for ballastless track of high-speed railway[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2010,45(4):493-497.
[18]GB 50157-2013,地铁设计规范[S].GB 50157-2013,Code for design of metro[S].
[19]TB 10082-2005,铁路轨道设计规范[S].TB 10082-2005,Code for design of railway track[S].
[20]刘鹏辉.轨道结构隔振系统功率流分析[D].北京:中国铁道科学研究院,2006.LIU Penghui.Power flow analysis of vibration isolation system on track structure[D].Beijing:China Academy of Railway Sciences,2006.
[21]李增光,吴天行.铁道车辆-轨道-高架桥耦合系统振动功率流分析[J].振动与冲击,2010,29(11):78-82.LI Zengguang,WU Tianxing.Analysis of vibration power flow for a railway vehicle-track-viaduct coupled system[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2010,29(11):78-82.
[22]倪振华.振动力学[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,1998.NI Zhenhua.Mechanics of vibration[M].Xi’an:Xi’an Jiaotong University Press,1998.
[23]陈宝华.基于频率平均功率流的有源隔振系统研究[D].淄博:山东理工大学,2010.CHEN Baohua.Research of active vibration isolation system based on the frequency average power flow[D].Zibo:Shandong University of Technology,2010.
[24]伍先俊,朱石坚.基于有限元的功率流计算及隔振系统优化设计技术研究[J].船舶力学,2005,9(4):138-145.WU Xianjun,ZHU Shijian.Calculation technique of vibration power flow based on finite element analysis and its application in the isolation system optimization[J].Journal of Ship Mechanics,2005,9(4):138-145.
[25]谷爱军,刘维宁,张厚贵,等.地铁扣件刚度和阻尼对钢轨异常波磨的影响[J].都市快轨交通,2011,24(3):17-21.GU Aijun,LIU Weining,ZHANG Hougui,et al.Impact of rail fastenings’stiffness and damping on abnormal rail corrugation[J].Urban Rapid Rail Transit,2011,24(3):17-21.
[26]翟杰群.地铁振动传播的现场测试与数值分析[D].上海:同济大学,2007.ZHAI Jiequn.Test and analysis of vibration propagation caused by the subway train[D].Shanghai:Tongji University,2007.
[27]吴景壮.地铁运行引起的振动对建筑结构的影响及隔振研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2012.WU Jingzhuang.The impact of vibration on the building structure caused by metro and isolation research[D].Guangzhou:South China University of Technology,2012.