储气库注采管柱静、动力学安全性评价及软件开发
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摘要
在储气库高速交变注采的特殊工况下,注采管柱的力学强度安全性将变得非常复杂。为了准确方便地评价注采管柱的力学强度的安全性问题,开展了储气库注采管柱静、动力学安全性评价研究,并开发了相应的评价软件。首先,根据注采管柱的实际结构和受力特点,建立了封隔器对管柱作用力的计算模型和注采管柱振动的有限元模型,通过模态分析,研究了带封隔器管柱的固有频率和振型;在模态分析的基础上,对储气库注采管柱进行了瞬态动力学研究,分析了距封隔器不同距离管柱的振动位移、速度和加速度的变化规律;根据不同时刻管柱的轴向力和应力分析,计算得到了注采管柱的动力学安全系数;最后,开发了储气库注采管柱静、动力学强度安全性评价软件,该软件包括数据库模块、管柱静力学分析模块、管柱动力学分析模块和管柱安全性评价模块,为储气井注采参数的优化或优选以及注采管柱安全的运行提供参考。
In the special operating conditions of high-speed alternative injection and production in underground gas storages(UGS), the mechanical strength safety of injection/production strings becomes quite complicated. In order to evaluate the of mechanical strength safety of injection/production strings accurately and conveniently, the evaluation study on the statics/dynamics safety of UGS injection/production strings was conducted and the corresponding evaluation software was developed. Firstly, the computation model for the force of the packer on the string and the finite element model of the vibration of injection/production strings were established based on the actual structure and stress feature. Secondly, the inherent frequency and vibration type of pipe string with packer were investigated by means of modal analysis. Then, on the basis of modal analysis, the transient dynamics of injection/production strings were investigated and the change laws of vibration displacement, velocity and acceleration of pipe strings whose distance from the packer was different were analyzed. Thirdly, the dynamic safety factor of injection/production string was calculated by analyzing the axial force and stress at different moments. Finally, the software for evaluating the statics/dynamics safety of UGS injection/production strings was developed. This software is composed of database module, string statics analysis module, string dynamics analysis module and string safety evaluation module. And it provides the reference for the optimization of UGS injection/production parameters and the safe operation of injection/production strings.
In the special operating conditions of high-speed alternative injection and production in underground gas storages(UGS), the mechanical strength safety of injection/production strings becomes quite complicated. In order to evaluate the of mechanical strength safety of injection/production strings accurately and conveniently, the evaluation study on the statics/dynamics safety of UGS injection/production strings was conducted and the corresponding evaluation software was developed. Firstly, the computation model for the force of the packer on the string and the finite element model of the vibration of injection/production strings were established based on the actual structure and stress feature. Secondly, the inherent frequency and vibration type of pipe string with packer were investigated by means of modal analysis. Then, on the basis of modal analysis, the transient dynamics of injection/production strings were investigated and the change laws of vibration displacement, velocity and acceleration of pipe strings whose distance from the packer was different were analyzed. Thirdly, the dynamic safety factor of injection/production string was calculated by analyzing the axial force and stress at different moments. Finally, the software for evaluating the statics/dynamics safety of UGS injection/production strings was developed. This software is composed of database module, string statics analysis module, string dynamics analysis module and string safety evaluation module. And it provides the reference for the optimization of UGS injection/production parameters and the safe operation of injection/production strings.
引文
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[15]黄桢.油管柱振动机理研究与动力响应分析[D].成都:西南石油大学,2005.HUANG Zhen.The research of vibration mechanism and analysis of dynamic response for tubing string[D].Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum University,2005.
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[17]练章华,张颖,赵旭,丁士东,林铁军.水平井多级压裂管柱力学数学模型建立与应用[J].天然气工业,2015,35(1):85-91.LIAN Zhanghua,ZHANG Ying,ZHAO Xu,DINGShidong,LIN Tiejun.Establishment and application of mechanical and mathematical models for multi-stage fracturing strings in a horizontal well[J].Natural Gas Industry,2015,35(1):85-91.
[18]练章华,林铁军,刘健,乐彬,陈举芳,徐月霞,杨涛.水平井油管柱射孔振动的有限元分析[J].石油钻采工艺,2006,28(1):56-59.LIAN Zhanghua,LIN Tiejun,LIU Jian,YUE Bin,CHEN Junfang,XU Yuexia,YANG Tao.Finite-element analysis of tube string vibration on horizontal well[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2006,28(1):56-59.
[19]练章华.高压高产气井屈曲管柱冲蚀损伤机理研究[J].石油钻采工艺,2012,34(1):6-9.LIAN Zhanghua.Erosion damage mechanism of buckled tubing in high pressure and high production gas wells[D].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2012,34(1):6-9.
[20]练章华,林铁军,刘健,乐彬,陈举芳,徐月霞,杨涛,张建设.水平井完井管柱力学-数学模型建立[J].天然气工业,2006,26(7):61-64.LIAN Zhanghua,LIN Tiejun,LIU Jian,YUE Bin,CHEN Junfang,XUE Yuexia,YANG Tao,ZHANGJianshe.Mechanical-mathematic models developed for completion strings of horizontal wells[J].Natural Gas Industry,2006,26(7):61-64.
[21]练章华,徐帅,丁建东,张强,潘众.储气库注采参数与管柱临界屈曲载荷分析[J].石油钻采工艺,2018,40(1):131-136.LIAN Zhanghua,XU Shuai,DING Jiandong,ZHANGQiang,PAN Zhong.Analysis on the injection and production parameters of underground gas storage and the critical buckling load of pipe string[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2018,40(1):131-136.
[2]郑雅丽,赵艳杰.盐穴储气库国内外发展概况[J].油气储运,2010,29(9):652-655.ZHENG Yali,ZHAO Yanjie.General situation of salt cavern gas storage worldwide[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2010,29(9):652-655.
[3]肖学兰.地下储气库建设技术研究现状及建议[J].天然气工业,2012,32(2):79-82.XIAO Xuelan.Research and proposals on underground gas storage construction technologies[J].Natural Gas Industry,2012,32(2):79-82.
[4]霍瑶,黄伟岗,温晓红,王亚莉,李俏静.北美天然气储气库建设的经验与启示[J].天然气工业,2010,30(11):83-86.HUO Yao,HUANG Weigang,WEN Xiaohong,WANGYali,LI Qiaojing.Experience and enlightenment from the construction of underground natural gas storage facilities in North America[J].Natural Gas Industry,2010,30(11):83-86.
[5]ECONOMIDES M J,WANG Xiuli.A modern approach to optimizing underground natural gas storage[R].SPE166080,2013.
[6]DHARMANANDA K,KINGSBURY N,SINGH H.Underground gas storage:issues beneath the surface[R].SPE 88491,2014.
[7]CONFORT M J F,MOTHE C G.Estimating the required underground natural gas storage capacity in Brazil from the gas industry characteristics of countries with gas storage facilities[J].Journal of Natural Gas Science&Engineering,2014,18:120-130.
[8]王浚丞,王淑华,杨丽燕.储气库气井管柱设计和使用中的问题分析[J].中国石油和化工,2015(5):55-58.WANG Junchen,WANG Shuhua,YANG Liyan.Analysis on the problems in tubing design and usage of gas storage wells[J].China Petroleum and Chemical Industry,2015(5):55-58.
[9]LUBINSKI A,ALTHOUSE W S.Helical buckling of tubing sealed in packers[J].Journal of Petroleum Technology,1962,14(6):655-670.
[10]HAMMERLINDL D J.Packer-to-tubing forces for intermediate packers[J].Journal of Petroleum Technology,1980,32(3):515-527.
[11]HAMMERLINDL D J.Movement,forces,and stresses associated with combination tubing strings sealed in packers[J].Journal of Petroleum Technology,1977,29(2):195-208.
[12]HAMMERLINDL D J.Basic fluid and pressure forces on oilwell tubulars[J].Journal of Petroleum Technology,1980,32(1):153-159.
[13]MITCHELL R F.Buckling of Tubing Inside Casing[J].SPE Drilling&Completion,2012,27(4):486-492.
[14]MITCHELL R F.Comprehensive Analysis of Buckling With Friction[J].SPE Drilling&Completion,1996,11(3):178-184.
[15]黄桢.油管柱振动机理研究与动力响应分析[D].成都:西南石油大学,2005.HUANG Zhen.The research of vibration mechanism and analysis of dynamic response for tubing string[D].Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum University,2005.
[16]李子丰.内外压力对油井管柱等效轴向力及稳定性的影响[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2011,35(1):65-67.LI Zifeng.Influence of internal and external pressure on equivalent axis force and stability of pipe string in oil wells[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Naturnal Science Edition),2011,35(1):65-67.
[17]练章华,张颖,赵旭,丁士东,林铁军.水平井多级压裂管柱力学数学模型建立与应用[J].天然气工业,2015,35(1):85-91.LIAN Zhanghua,ZHANG Ying,ZHAO Xu,DINGShidong,LIN Tiejun.Establishment and application of mechanical and mathematical models for multi-stage fracturing strings in a horizontal well[J].Natural Gas Industry,2015,35(1):85-91.
[18]练章华,林铁军,刘健,乐彬,陈举芳,徐月霞,杨涛.水平井油管柱射孔振动的有限元分析[J].石油钻采工艺,2006,28(1):56-59.LIAN Zhanghua,LIN Tiejun,LIU Jian,YUE Bin,CHEN Junfang,XU Yuexia,YANG Tao.Finite-element analysis of tube string vibration on horizontal well[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2006,28(1):56-59.
[19]练章华.高压高产气井屈曲管柱冲蚀损伤机理研究[J].石油钻采工艺,2012,34(1):6-9.LIAN Zhanghua.Erosion damage mechanism of buckled tubing in high pressure and high production gas wells[D].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2012,34(1):6-9.
[20]练章华,林铁军,刘健,乐彬,陈举芳,徐月霞,杨涛,张建设.水平井完井管柱力学-数学模型建立[J].天然气工业,2006,26(7):61-64.LIAN Zhanghua,LIN Tiejun,LIU Jian,YUE Bin,CHEN Junfang,XUE Yuexia,YANG Tao,ZHANGJianshe.Mechanical-mathematic models developed for completion strings of horizontal wells[J].Natural Gas Industry,2006,26(7):61-64.
[21]练章华,徐帅,丁建东,张强,潘众.储气库注采参数与管柱临界屈曲载荷分析[J].石油钻采工艺,2018,40(1):131-136.LIAN Zhanghua,XU Shuai,DING Jiandong,ZHANGQiang,PAN Zhong.Analysis on the injection and production parameters of underground gas storage and the critical buckling load of pipe string[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2018,40(1):131-136.