巷道超前支架设计与力学特性研究
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摘要
针对目前主要采用估计顶板载荷或采用薄板理论模型对超前支架的力学特性进行研究存在计算载荷与真实载荷相差甚远的问题,设计了一种新型巷道超前支架,并根据巷道开挖的空间效应对超前支架的力学特性进行了研究。基于空间效应研究了超前支架与巷道围岩耦合作用机理,构建了超前支架与围岩耦合力学模型。研究结果表明,沿着巷道掘进方向,巷道超前支架承受的顶板载荷逐渐降低,越靠近工作面顶板载荷越大,超前支架的前端强度要高于后端;超前支架支护时机对于巷道顶板的稳定性很重要,超前支架布置得越靠近工作面顶板,巷道顶板变形越小,而超前支架承受顶板的载荷越大,需要的强度越高。
In view of problem that there is a big difference between calculated load and real load when roof load is estimated or thin plate theory model is used to study mechanical characteristics of advanced support at present,a new type of roadway advanced support was designed,and the mechanical characteristics of the advanced support were studied according to spatial effect of roadway excavation.Based on spatial effect,the coupling mechanism between advanced support and surrounding rock of roadway was studied,and coupled mechanical model of the advanced support and surrounding rock was built.The research results show that along the direction of roadway excavation,the roof load borne by the roadway advanced support decreases gradually,the closer to the working face,the greater the roof load is,and the front end strength of the advanced support is higher than that of the back end.The support timing of the advanced support is very important for the stability of roadway roof,the closer the advanced support is arranged to the roof of working face,the smaller deformation of the roadway roof will be;while the larger the load borne by the advanced support is,the higher the strength required will be.
In view of problem that there is a big difference between calculated load and real load when roof load is estimated or thin plate theory model is used to study mechanical characteristics of advanced support at present,a new type of roadway advanced support was designed,and the mechanical characteristics of the advanced support were studied according to spatial effect of roadway excavation.Based on spatial effect,the coupling mechanism between advanced support and surrounding rock of roadway was studied,and coupled mechanical model of the advanced support and surrounding rock was built.The research results show that along the direction of roadway excavation,the roof load borne by the roadway advanced support decreases gradually,the closer to the working face,the greater the roof load is,and the front end strength of the advanced support is higher than that of the back end.The support timing of the advanced support is very important for the stability of roadway roof,the closer the advanced support is arranged to the roof of working face,the smaller deformation of the roadway roof will be;while the larger the load borne by the advanced support is,the higher the strength required will be.
引文
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[2]陈鑫,韩正铜,郝敬宾,等.井下超前支护用悬浮式单体液压支柱监测系统[J].工矿自动化,2015,41(8):13-16.CHEN Xin,HAN Zhengtong,HAO Jingbin,et al.Monitoring system of suspension type single hydraulic prop for underground forepoling[J].Industry and Mine Automation,2015,41(8):13-16.
[3]洪开荣,杨朝帅,李建华.超前支护对软岩隧道空间变形的影响分析[J].地下空间与工程学报,2014,10(2):429-433.HONG Kairong,YANG Chaoshuai,LI Jianhua.Analysis on impact of advanced support on space deformation of tunnel in soft rock mass[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2014,10(2):429-433.
[4]谢苗,刘治翔,毛君,等.迈步式超前支护系统设计与支护特性研究[J].机械强度,2016,38(2):302-310.XIE Miao,LIU Zhixiang,MAO Jun,et al.Design on step-type advanced supporting system and research on the supporting characteristics[J].Journal of Mechanical Strength,2016,38(2):302-310.
[5]卢进南,谢苗,毛君.一种综掘巷道临时支护力学特性及振动特性研究[J].机械强度,2016,38(3):435-441.LU Jinnan,XIE Miao,MAO Jun.Study on mechanical characteristics and vibration characteristics of temporary support equipment in fully mechanized mining tunnel[J].Journal of Mechanical Strength,2016,38(3):435-441.
[6]赵慧萌,栾丽君,谢苗,等.超前支护与巷道围岩耦合动力学研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2016,26(11):49-53.ZHAO Huimeng,LUAN Lijun,XIE Miao,et al.Study on coupling dynamics of advanced support and tunnel surrounding rock[J].China Safety Science Journal,2016,26(11):49-53.
[7]侯公羽,李晶晶,杨悦,等.围岩弹塑性变形条件下锚杆、喷混凝土和U型钢的支护效果研究[J].岩土力学,2014,35(5):1357-1366.HOU Gongyu,LI Jingjing,YANG Yue,et al.Support effects of anchor bolt,shotcrete and U-steel in elastoplastic stage of surrounding rock[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2014,35(5):1357-1366.
[8]侯公羽,李晶晶,杨悦,等.支护反力变化条件下轴对称圆巷围岩蠕变变形计算方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(增刊1):3355-3360.HOU Gongyu,LI Jingjing,YANG Yue,et al.Calculation method for creep deformation of axisymmetric round well with changing support force[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2014,33(S1):3355-3360.
[9]卢进南.综掘巷道迈步式超前支护系统力学特性研究[D].阜新:辽宁工程技术大学,2014.
[10]倪继勇.自移式掘进机辅助支护设备液压控制系统的研究[D].阜新:辽宁工程技术大学,2012.
[11]侯公羽.基于开挖面空间效应的围岩-支护相互作用机制[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(增刊1):2871-2877.HOU Gongyu.Interaction mechanism between surrounding rock and support based on spatial effect of excavation face[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(S1):2871-2877.