原位生态净化集成系统对二级生化尾水的处理效果
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摘要
为研究原位生态净化技术对微污染河水的净化效果,选择某硬质纳污河道作为研究对象,以二级生化尾水作为水源,考察生态河床-生态滤坝集成系统对水质的净化情况。结果表明:在水力负荷为5 m/d条件下,集成系统对二级生化尾水中COD、NH~+_4-N、TP和TN的平均去除率分别为26.26%、16.09%、11.48%和10.15%;与常规人工湿地相比,虽然集成系统在去除率方面较差,但在去除污染物总量方面具有一定优势。集成系统中生态河床和生态滤坝对COD、NH~+_4-N、TP、TN污染物去除总量的贡献率分别为14%、34%、60%、44%和86%、66%、40%、56%。通过在生态河床中合理搭配种植植物类型,以及在生态滤坝中添加具有缓释碳源功能的净水基质,能够增强净水效果,进一步提高生态河床和生态滤坝在集成系统中去除污染物的贡献率。
In order to study the purification effect of the in-situ ecological purification technology on micro-polluted river water, a hardened sewage channel was selected as the object of study and the secondary biochemical tail water was used as the water source to investigate the effect of the ecological riverbed-ecological filter dam integrated system. The results showed that under hydraulic load of 5 m/d, the average removal efficiencies of the integrated system to COD, NH~+_4-N, TP and TN were 26.26%, 16.09%, 11.48% and 10.15%, respectively; compared with conventional constructed wetlands, the integrated system had advantages in the total removal amount of pollutants, although its removal efficiency was relatively poor. In the integrated system, the contribution rates of ecological river bed and ecological filter dam to the total removal amount of COD, NH~+_4-N, TP and TN pollutants were 14%, 34%, 60%, 44% and 86%, 66%, 40%, 56%, respectively. Reasonably combining plant species in ecological riverbed and adding water-purifying substrate with slow-released carbon source in ecological filter dam, the treatment of effect could be enhanced, and the contribution rates of ecological riverbed and ecological filter dam to pollutant removal of the integrated system could be further increased.
In order to study the purification effect of the in-situ ecological purification technology on micro-polluted river water, a hardened sewage channel was selected as the object of study and the secondary biochemical tail water was used as the water source to investigate the effect of the ecological riverbed-ecological filter dam integrated system. The results showed that under hydraulic load of 5 m/d, the average removal efficiencies of the integrated system to COD, NH~+_4-N, TP and TN were 26.26%, 16.09%, 11.48% and 10.15%, respectively; compared with conventional constructed wetlands, the integrated system had advantages in the total removal amount of pollutants, although its removal efficiency was relatively poor. In the integrated system, the contribution rates of ecological river bed and ecological filter dam to the total removal amount of COD, NH~+_4-N, TP and TN pollutants were 14%, 34%, 60%, 44% and 86%, 66%, 40%, 56%, respectively. Reasonably combining plant species in ecological riverbed and adding water-purifying substrate with slow-released carbon source in ecological filter dam, the treatment of effect could be enhanced, and the contribution rates of ecological riverbed and ecological filter dam to pollutant removal of the integrated system could be further increased.
引文
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[19] Wang W L, Gao J Q, Guo X, et al. Long-term effects and performance of two-stage baffled surface flow constructed wetland treating polluted river[J]. Ecological Engineering, 2012(49): 93-103.
[2] Xu J, Zhao Y, Gao B, et al. The influence of algal organic matter produced by Microcystis aeruginosa on coagulation-ultrafiltration treatment of natural organic matter[J]. Chemosphere, 2018, 196:418-428.
[3] Yong L, Guo H C, Yang P J, et al. Exploring the influence of lake water chemistry on chlorophyll a: a multivariate statistical model analysis[J]. Ecological Modelling, 2010, 221(4):681-688.
[4] Herrero M, Stuckey D C. Bioaugmentation and its application in wastewater treatment: a review[J]. Chemosphere, 2015, 140:119.
[5] 侯俊, 王超, 王沛芳,等. 卵砾石生态河床对河流水质净化和生态修复的效果[J]. 水利水电科技进展, 2012, 32(6):46-49.
[6] 黄勇, 董运常, 罗伟聪,等. 景观水体生态修复治理技术的研究与分析[J]. 环境工程, 2016, 34(7):52-55.
[7] 董慧峪, 王为东, 强志民. 透水坝原位净化山溪性污染河流[J]. 环境工程学报, 2014, 8(10):4249-4253.
[8] 田猛, 张永春. 用于控制太湖流域农村面源污染的透水坝技术试验研究[J]. 环境科学学报, 2006, 26(10):1665-1670.
[9] 程璐璐, 于鲁冀, 李廷梅,等. 缓释碳源生态基质添加比例对河水脱氮效果及微生物影响[J]. 环境工程, 2017, 35(11):1-5.
[10] 国家环境保护总局. 水和废水监测分析方法[M].4版. 北京: 中国环境科学出版社, 2002: 211-213.
[11] Schulz M, Rinke K, Köhler J. A combined approach of photogrammetrical methods and field studies to determine nutrient retention by submersed macrophytes in running waters[J]. Aquatic Botany, 2003, 76(1):17-29.
[12] Wu H, Fan J, Zhang J, et al. Strategies and techniques to enhance constructed wetland performance for sustainable wastewater treatment[J]. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2015, 22(19):14637-14650.
[13] 卿杰, 王超, 左倬,等. 大型表流人工湿地不同季节不同进水负荷下水质净化效果研究[J]. 环境工程, 2015(增刊1):190-193.
[14] Zheng Y, Wang X, Xiong J, et al. Hybrid constructed wetlands for highly polluted river water treatment and comparison of surface-and subsurface-flow cells[J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2014, 26(4):749-756.
[15] 杨晶涵, 余凯锋, 张波,等. 一种多介质层波形潜流人工湿地处理重污染河水试验[J]. 环境工程, 2017, 35(9):7-12.
[16] 金树权, 周金波, 包薇红,等. 5种沉水植物的氮、磷吸收和水质净化能力比较[J]. 环境科学, 2017, 38(1):156-161.
[17] 林运通, 崔理华, 范远红,等. 5种湿地沉水植物对模拟污水厂尾水的深度处理[J]. 环境工程学报, 2016, 10(12):6914-6922.
[18] 刘淼, 陈开宁. 植物配置与进水碳氮比对沉水植物塘水质净化效果的影响[J]. 环境科学, 2018(6):6914-6922.
[19] Wang W L, Gao J Q, Guo X, et al. Long-term effects and performance of two-stage baffled surface flow constructed wetland treating polluted river[J]. Ecological Engineering, 2012(49): 93-103.