深圳市宝安区游泳场所卫生现状调查研究
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摘要
目的通过对深圳市宝安区游泳场所的卫生现状进行卫生学调查及其水质监测结果进行分析,找出存在的卫生问题并提出针对性的控制措施,保障游泳者的健康。方法对宝安区2018年取得卫生许可证并正常开放的游泳场所,开展现场卫生学状况调查和水质卫生学监测,并对结果进行统计分析。结果 128家游泳场所的卫生许可证、从业人员健康证和消毒剂合格证的持证率为100%,且均具有余氯、pH值等水质监测设备,强制性浸脚池和强制性通过式淋浴装置等;全部水样均合格的场所为119家,场所合格率为92.97%;2018年共采集游泳池水杨样品354份,其中共334份合格,总合格率为94.35%;监测指标游离性余氯合格率最低(95.48%);经χ~2检验,C级游泳池水质合格率低于其它2类游泳场所,且有统计学意义(χ~2=7.129,P<0.05);人工投药游泳池水质合格率低于其它2类游泳场所,且有统计学意义(χ~2=24.981,P<0.01)。结论宝安区游泳池基本设施齐全,管理制度执行良好,水质消毒水平有待提高,尤其加强游离性余氯的动态监督监测工作;C级泳池将是今后监督检测的重点。
Objectives To investigate the sanitary status of swimming pools in Baoan District of Shenzhen, and to propose effective control measures to ensure people's health. Methods Surveys on the spot hygienics of swimming pools in Baoan District of Shenzhen in 2018 were carried out. Water samples of those swimming pools were collected, and the result were analyzed. Result The license holding rates of 128 swimming pools, employees' health certificate, and sterilized products, were all 100%. Hydro-met monitoring instruments for residual chlorine and pH were equipped. The qualification rate of the swimming pools was 92.97% and the annual qualification rate of swimming pool water in Baoan District was 94.35% in 2018. Free residual chlorine was the lowest(95.48%, 338/354)in all monitoring indexes. The overall qualification rates of C-class swimming pool water were significantly lower than the other two classes(χ~2=7.129,P<0.05). The overall qualification rates of manual disinfection swimming pool water were significantly lower than the other two classes(χ~2=24.981,P<0.01). Conclusions The disinfection quality of swimming pool water in Baoan District should be improved. It is especially necessary to strengthen the dynamic monitoring of free residual chlorine, and C-class swimming pools will be the key point of supervision and inspection.
Objectives To investigate the sanitary status of swimming pools in Baoan District of Shenzhen, and to propose effective control measures to ensure people's health. Methods Surveys on the spot hygienics of swimming pools in Baoan District of Shenzhen in 2018 were carried out. Water samples of those swimming pools were collected, and the result were analyzed. Result The license holding rates of 128 swimming pools, employees' health certificate, and sterilized products, were all 100%. Hydro-met monitoring instruments for residual chlorine and pH were equipped. The qualification rate of the swimming pools was 92.97% and the annual qualification rate of swimming pool water in Baoan District was 94.35% in 2018. Free residual chlorine was the lowest(95.48%, 338/354)in all monitoring indexes. The overall qualification rates of C-class swimming pool water were significantly lower than the other two classes(χ~2=7.129,P<0.05). The overall qualification rates of manual disinfection swimming pool water were significantly lower than the other two classes(χ~2=24.981,P<0.01). Conclusions The disinfection quality of swimming pool water in Baoan District should be improved. It is especially necessary to strengthen the dynamic monitoring of free residual chlorine, and C-class swimming pools will be the key point of supervision and inspection.
引文
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[7] 王丽华,张世勇,李玉芸.2014年夏季重庆市南川区游泳池水质卫生监测分析[J].环境卫生学杂志,2015,5(2):147-149,153.(In English:Wang LH,Zhang SY,Li YY.Surveillance on swimming pool water quality in Chongqing Nanchuan district in summer of 2014[J].J Environ Hyg,2015,5(2):147-149,153.)
[8] 关清,陈曦,寇彦巧,等.2015—2017年海口市游泳池水质卫生状况调查[J].现代预防医学,2018,45(22):4196-4199,4212.(In English:Guan Q,Chen X,Kou YQ,et al.Investigation of sanitary quality of swimming pool water in Haikou city from 2015 to 2017[J].Mod Prev Med,2018,45(22):4196-4199,4212.)
[9] 苏晶晶,隋世燕,杨涛.2016—2017年昆明市游泳池水质卫生状况分析[J].现代预防医学,2018,45(18):3425-3428.(In English:Su JJ,Sui SY,Yang T.Analysis on the sanitary quality of swimming pool water in Kunming in 2016 and 2017[J].Mod Prev Med,2018,45(18):3425-3428.)
[10] 李红梅,王春旭,王彦文.2008—2011年桂林市游泳池水质检测结果[J].职业与健康,2013,29(6):747-748.(In English:Li HM,Wang CX,Wang YW.Analysis on detection results of water quality of swimming pools in Guilin city during 2008-2011[J].Occup Health,2013,29(6):747-748.)
[11] 潘健,黄青光,白山,等.九江市游泳场所水处理工艺对水质影响的分析[J].环境与健康杂志,2015,32(11):1017-1019.
[2] 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T 18204-2013 公共场所卫生检验方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2014.(In English:General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China,Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.GB/T 18204-2013 Examination methods for public places[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2014.)
[3] 中华人民共和国卫生部.GB 9667-1996 游泳场所卫生标准[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1996.(In English:Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China.GB 9667-1996 Hygienic standard for swimming place[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,1996.)
[4] 刘庆成,张强,曾艳萍.2015—2017年深圳市宝安区游泳池水质卫生状况分析[J].应用预防医学,2018,24(5):398-399,403.
[5] 赵伟良,陈日暖,林颖瑜,等.2010—2014年江门市新会区游泳池水质卫生监测结果分析[J].应用预防医学,2016,22(1):72-73.
[6] 廖雅芬.2012—2016年肇庆市端州区泳池水水质监测结果分析[J].应用预防医学,2017,23(5):410-412.
[7] 王丽华,张世勇,李玉芸.2014年夏季重庆市南川区游泳池水质卫生监测分析[J].环境卫生学杂志,2015,5(2):147-149,153.(In English:Wang LH,Zhang SY,Li YY.Surveillance on swimming pool water quality in Chongqing Nanchuan district in summer of 2014[J].J Environ Hyg,2015,5(2):147-149,153.)
[8] 关清,陈曦,寇彦巧,等.2015—2017年海口市游泳池水质卫生状况调查[J].现代预防医学,2018,45(22):4196-4199,4212.(In English:Guan Q,Chen X,Kou YQ,et al.Investigation of sanitary quality of swimming pool water in Haikou city from 2015 to 2017[J].Mod Prev Med,2018,45(22):4196-4199,4212.)
[9] 苏晶晶,隋世燕,杨涛.2016—2017年昆明市游泳池水质卫生状况分析[J].现代预防医学,2018,45(18):3425-3428.(In English:Su JJ,Sui SY,Yang T.Analysis on the sanitary quality of swimming pool water in Kunming in 2016 and 2017[J].Mod Prev Med,2018,45(18):3425-3428.)
[10] 李红梅,王春旭,王彦文.2008—2011年桂林市游泳池水质检测结果[J].职业与健康,2013,29(6):747-748.(In English:Li HM,Wang CX,Wang YW.Analysis on detection results of water quality of swimming pools in Guilin city during 2008-2011[J].Occup Health,2013,29(6):747-748.)
[11] 潘健,黄青光,白山,等.九江市游泳场所水处理工艺对水质影响的分析[J].环境与健康杂志,2015,32(11):1017-1019.