黑龙江地区渠道基土工程性质试验分析
|
摘要
黑龙江地区广泛分布有水敏性的分散性土和膨胀土,这些特殊土的存在对渠道工程的安全运行造成严重威胁。在分析土样物化性质和矿物成分的基础上,采用多种试验方法对龙头桥、蛤蟆通、引汤灌区渠基土的膨胀性、分散性和力学性质进行了研究,探讨了生石灰对土样分散性和膨胀性的处理效果。试验结果表明:3个灌区的土样均属于膨胀土,其中龙头桥灌区土样的膨胀性较强;蛤蟆通灌区的土样属于分散性土,引汤灌区的土样属于非分散性土;3个灌区土样的抗剪强度不高,黏聚力值为13.62~49.60 k Pa,内摩擦角为1.0°~24.5°。由于龙头桥灌区土样的有机质含量很高,该灌区土样的黏聚力比其他两个灌区高,而内摩擦角比其他两个灌区低;低掺量下的生石灰对土样的分散性和膨胀性有较好的改性效果,该方法适用于处理不良渠基。
The dispersive soil and expansive soil are widely distributed in Heilongjiang area which are sensitive with water.Those problematic soils can cause serious threat to canal engineering safety.Based on the analysis of physical and chemical properties and mineralogical composition,the expansibility,dispersivity and mechanical properties in Longtouqiao,Hamatong,Tangyuan irrigation canal were studied by swelling ratio tests,crumb tests,pinhole tests,double-hydrometer tests,pore water soluble cations tests,exchangeable sodium percentage tests and direct shear,and futher investigations on the treatment effect of expansibility and dispersivity with lime.The experimental analysis results indicate that,those soils have the expansive properties,and the Longtouqiao soils are the strongest among those soils.The Hamatong soil is the dispersive soil,but the others are not.The shear strength of the soil samples in the three irrigation areas is not high,the cohesions of soil samples in the Longtouqiao irrigation area are higher than others,which is between 13.62 and 49.60 k Pa,and the internal friction angles are lower than others which is between 1° and 24.5° for high organic matter content from 12.3 to 15.3 g/kg.There were obvious modification effect with low lime,which could eliminate expansibility and dispersivity.This method could be used for the poor canal foundation treatment.
The dispersive soil and expansive soil are widely distributed in Heilongjiang area which are sensitive with water.Those problematic soils can cause serious threat to canal engineering safety.Based on the analysis of physical and chemical properties and mineralogical composition,the expansibility,dispersivity and mechanical properties in Longtouqiao,Hamatong,Tangyuan irrigation canal were studied by swelling ratio tests,crumb tests,pinhole tests,double-hydrometer tests,pore water soluble cations tests,exchangeable sodium percentage tests and direct shear,and futher investigations on the treatment effect of expansibility and dispersivity with lime.The experimental analysis results indicate that,those soils have the expansive properties,and the Longtouqiao soils are the strongest among those soils.The Hamatong soil is the dispersive soil,but the others are not.The shear strength of the soil samples in the three irrigation areas is not high,the cohesions of soil samples in the Longtouqiao irrigation area are higher than others,which is between 13.62 and 49.60 k Pa,and the internal friction angles are lower than others which is between 1° and 24.5° for high organic matter content from 12.3 to 15.3 g/kg.There were obvious modification effect with low lime,which could eliminate expansibility and dispersivity.This method could be used for the poor canal foundation treatment.
引文
[1]邢义川,宋建正,曹国利,等.特殊土渠基与渠坡的稳定[J].中国水利水电科学研究院学报,2011,9(2):81-87.(XING Yichuan,SONG Jianzheng,CAO Guoli,et al.On the stability of the canal foundation and slope[J].Journal of China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,2011,9(2):81-87.(in Chinese))
[2]何武全,刘昌群,邢义川,等.渠道衬砌与防渗工程技术手册[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2015.(HE Wuquan,LIU Changqun,XING Yichuan,et al.Channel lining and anti-seepage engineering manual[M].Beijing:China Water Power Press,2015.(in Chinese))
[3]孙颖娜.北部引嫩干渠渠道滑坡机理研究[D].哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2002.(SUN Yinna.A study of mechanism of Beiyin main channel landslide[D].Harbin:Northeast Agricultural University,2002.(in Chinese))
[4]龙显助,戴春胜,孙飚,等.松嫩平原分散性粘土分布与形成机理研究[J].水利规划与设计,2013(9):24-27,42.(LONG Xianzhu,DAI Chunsheng,SUN Biao,et al.Study on distribution and formation mechanism of dispersed clay in Songnen plain[J].Water Resources Planning and Design,2013(9):24-27,42.(in Chinese))
[5]龙志远,王浩民,孙香太.北部引嫩干渠膨胀土分布与相关因素研究[J].科技创新与应用,2013(22):182.(LONG Zhiyuan,WANG Haomin,SUN Xiangtai.Study on distribution of expansive soil and related factors in North Yinneng canal[J].Technology Innovation and Application,2013(22):182.(in Chinese))
[6]赵双权,张浩,王建红.北部引嫩总干渠滑坡加筋处理措施研究[J].黑龙江水利科技,2015,43(6):40-42.(ZHAO Shuangquan,ZHANG Hao,WANG Jianhong.Research on reinforced measure for total channel landslip of northern nen river diversion project[J].Heilongjiang Science and Technology of Water Conservancy,2015,43(6):40-42.(in Chinese))
[7]张万涛.合肥地区膨胀土及生石灰改性的研究[J].安徽建筑,2011,18(4):191-192.(ZHANG Wantao.The research of Hefei expansive soil and nature change of line[J].Anhui Architecture,2011,18(4):191-192.(in Chinese))
[8]樊恒辉,孔令伟,郭敏霞,等.文家沟水库筑坝土料分散性和抗渗性能试验[J].岩土工程学报,2009,31(3):458-463.(FAN Henghui,KONG Lingwei,GUO Minxia,et al.Dispersivity and impermeability of dam soil in Wenjiagou reservoir[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2009,31(3):458-463.(in Chinese))
[9]陈志刚,孙景荣.北引总干渠分散性黏渠段破坏原因及整治措施[J].黑龙江水利科技,2012,40(2):337-338.(CHEN Zhigang,SUN Jingrong.Failure causes and counter-measures of dispersive soil in Beiyin canal[J].Heilongjiang Science and Technology of Water Conservancy,2012,40(2):337-338.(in Chinese))
[10]王观平.黑龙江省南部引嫩工程分散性粘土的研究与处理措施[J].水利水电技术,1992(3):18-22.(WANG Guanping.Research and treatment of dispersed clay in the south of Heilongjiang Province[J].Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering,1992(3):18-22.(in Chinese))
[11]王海峰,黄永泉.浅谈膨胀土(岩)地区路基[J].黑龙江交通科技,2013(3):78.(WANG Haifeng,HUANG Yongquan.Discussion on subgrade of expansive soil(rock)area[J].Communications Science and Technology Heilongjiang,2013(3):78.(in Chinese))
[12]范丽君.北引总干渠渠道变形的成因与治理措施研究[J].黑龙江水利科技,2013,41(8):91-93.(FAN Lijun.Study on the causes and control measures of canal deformation in the North Main Canal[J].Heilongjiang Science and Technology of Water Conservancy,2013,41(8):91-93.(in Chinese))
[13]樊恒辉,赵高文,李洪良.分散性黏土研究现状与展望[J].岩土力学,2010,31(增刊1):108-114.(FAN Henghui,ZHAO Gaowen,LI Hongliang.Current researches and prospects of dispersive clay[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(Suppl1):108-114.(in Chinese))
[14]FAN Henghui,KONG Lingwei.Empirical equation for evaluating the dispersivity of cohesive soil[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,2013,50(9):989-994.
[15]樊恒辉,孔令伟.分散性土研究[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2012:118-156.(FAN Henghui,KONG Lingwei.Research on dispersed soil[M].Beijing:China Water Power Press,2012:118-156.(in Chinese))
[16]郝志荣.宁夏喊叫水地区公路膨胀土试验分析与处理[J].路基工程,2010(6):209-212.(HAO Zhirong.Test analysis and treatment of highway expansive soil in Ningxia Hanjiaoshui area[J].Subgrade Engineering,2010(6):209-212.(in Chinese))
[2]何武全,刘昌群,邢义川,等.渠道衬砌与防渗工程技术手册[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2015.(HE Wuquan,LIU Changqun,XING Yichuan,et al.Channel lining and anti-seepage engineering manual[M].Beijing:China Water Power Press,2015.(in Chinese))
[3]孙颖娜.北部引嫩干渠渠道滑坡机理研究[D].哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2002.(SUN Yinna.A study of mechanism of Beiyin main channel landslide[D].Harbin:Northeast Agricultural University,2002.(in Chinese))
[4]龙显助,戴春胜,孙飚,等.松嫩平原分散性粘土分布与形成机理研究[J].水利规划与设计,2013(9):24-27,42.(LONG Xianzhu,DAI Chunsheng,SUN Biao,et al.Study on distribution and formation mechanism of dispersed clay in Songnen plain[J].Water Resources Planning and Design,2013(9):24-27,42.(in Chinese))
[5]龙志远,王浩民,孙香太.北部引嫩干渠膨胀土分布与相关因素研究[J].科技创新与应用,2013(22):182.(LONG Zhiyuan,WANG Haomin,SUN Xiangtai.Study on distribution of expansive soil and related factors in North Yinneng canal[J].Technology Innovation and Application,2013(22):182.(in Chinese))
[6]赵双权,张浩,王建红.北部引嫩总干渠滑坡加筋处理措施研究[J].黑龙江水利科技,2015,43(6):40-42.(ZHAO Shuangquan,ZHANG Hao,WANG Jianhong.Research on reinforced measure for total channel landslip of northern nen river diversion project[J].Heilongjiang Science and Technology of Water Conservancy,2015,43(6):40-42.(in Chinese))
[7]张万涛.合肥地区膨胀土及生石灰改性的研究[J].安徽建筑,2011,18(4):191-192.(ZHANG Wantao.The research of Hefei expansive soil and nature change of line[J].Anhui Architecture,2011,18(4):191-192.(in Chinese))
[8]樊恒辉,孔令伟,郭敏霞,等.文家沟水库筑坝土料分散性和抗渗性能试验[J].岩土工程学报,2009,31(3):458-463.(FAN Henghui,KONG Lingwei,GUO Minxia,et al.Dispersivity and impermeability of dam soil in Wenjiagou reservoir[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2009,31(3):458-463.(in Chinese))
[9]陈志刚,孙景荣.北引总干渠分散性黏渠段破坏原因及整治措施[J].黑龙江水利科技,2012,40(2):337-338.(CHEN Zhigang,SUN Jingrong.Failure causes and counter-measures of dispersive soil in Beiyin canal[J].Heilongjiang Science and Technology of Water Conservancy,2012,40(2):337-338.(in Chinese))
[10]王观平.黑龙江省南部引嫩工程分散性粘土的研究与处理措施[J].水利水电技术,1992(3):18-22.(WANG Guanping.Research and treatment of dispersed clay in the south of Heilongjiang Province[J].Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering,1992(3):18-22.(in Chinese))
[11]王海峰,黄永泉.浅谈膨胀土(岩)地区路基[J].黑龙江交通科技,2013(3):78.(WANG Haifeng,HUANG Yongquan.Discussion on subgrade of expansive soil(rock)area[J].Communications Science and Technology Heilongjiang,2013(3):78.(in Chinese))
[12]范丽君.北引总干渠渠道变形的成因与治理措施研究[J].黑龙江水利科技,2013,41(8):91-93.(FAN Lijun.Study on the causes and control measures of canal deformation in the North Main Canal[J].Heilongjiang Science and Technology of Water Conservancy,2013,41(8):91-93.(in Chinese))
[13]樊恒辉,赵高文,李洪良.分散性黏土研究现状与展望[J].岩土力学,2010,31(增刊1):108-114.(FAN Henghui,ZHAO Gaowen,LI Hongliang.Current researches and prospects of dispersive clay[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(Suppl1):108-114.(in Chinese))
[14]FAN Henghui,KONG Lingwei.Empirical equation for evaluating the dispersivity of cohesive soil[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,2013,50(9):989-994.
[15]樊恒辉,孔令伟.分散性土研究[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2012:118-156.(FAN Henghui,KONG Lingwei.Research on dispersed soil[M].Beijing:China Water Power Press,2012:118-156.(in Chinese))
[16]郝志荣.宁夏喊叫水地区公路膨胀土试验分析与处理[J].路基工程,2010(6):209-212.(HAO Zhirong.Test analysis and treatment of highway expansive soil in Ningxia Hanjiaoshui area[J].Subgrade Engineering,2010(6):209-212.(in Chinese))