高海拔多年冻土地区宽幅沥青路面-路基体系热效应实测分析
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摘要
为明确中低纬度高海拔多年冻土区"宽厚黑"路面结构和路面类型对路基路面体系温度场的影响规律,在青藏高原高温多年冻土区分别铺筑了窄幅和宽幅沥青路面-路基温度场监测试验段,对两种尺度路基路面体系不同深度和横向位置处以及天然大地不同深度处温度状况进行3年连续观测和统计分析。结果表明:宽幅路面沥青层年温度波动幅度高于窄幅路面,且波动幅度差异随路面结构层深度增加而减小;新建公路路基填土会经历持续2年以上的初期冻融放吸热不稳定阶段;高填方宽幅沥青路面-路基体系吸热面积与散热面积的同时增加导致宽幅路基路面体系不同横向位置和深度处温度场更为复杂;沥青路面宽度从5m增加到24.5m导致最大融化深度增加量在1.5～2.0m。在中低纬度高海拔多年冻土区设计宽幅公路路基填土高度时应考虑具体路基断面特点,计算极端天气下的宽幅路基路面体系从建设期到稳定期的温度场,保证阳面路肩一侧融化深度始终满足要求
In order to reveal the influences of structures and types of wide-thick-dark pavement on the temperature field of embankment and pavement system in high-altitude permafrost region, a narrow pavement-embankment test section and a wide pavement-embankment test section were constructed, respectively,in high-temperature permafrost region of Qinghai—Tibet plateau. The temperatures at different depths and horizontal positions for these two types of road structures and the natural ground temperature below the ground surface up to 3.2 m were observed continuously and statically analyzed for three years. Results show that: the annual fluctuation amplitude of temperature in asphalt layer of wide road pavement is greater than that of narrow road pavement, and the difference of fluctuation amplitude may decrease with the depth of structural layer of pavement. The new constructed road embankment may experience an initial unstable freeze-thaw period of at least two years. The concurrent increases of solar flux-absorbing area and radiating area may result in more complicated temperature fields at different depths and horizontal positions in the road structure of high embankment and wide pavement. The widening of road pavement from 5 m to 24.5 m may lead to an increase of 1.5～2 m of thawing penetration. Consequently, when designing the height of fill embankment for wide road structure in permafrost region of the middle-or low-latitude but high-altitude areas, the specific cross-sectional characteristics of embankment shall be considered, and during the period from construction stage to stable stage under the extreme weathers, the temperature field in wide pavement-embankment structure shall be calculated to ensure the thawing penetration at the road shoulder at the sunny side may always meet the requirements.
In order to reveal the influences of structures and types of wide-thick-dark pavement on the temperature field of embankment and pavement system in high-altitude permafrost region, a narrow pavement-embankment test section and a wide pavement-embankment test section were constructed, respectively,in high-temperature permafrost region of Qinghai—Tibet plateau. The temperatures at different depths and horizontal positions for these two types of road structures and the natural ground temperature below the ground surface up to 3.2 m were observed continuously and statically analyzed for three years. Results show that: the annual fluctuation amplitude of temperature in asphalt layer of wide road pavement is greater than that of narrow road pavement, and the difference of fluctuation amplitude may decrease with the depth of structural layer of pavement. The new constructed road embankment may experience an initial unstable freeze-thaw period of at least two years. The concurrent increases of solar flux-absorbing area and radiating area may result in more complicated temperature fields at different depths and horizontal positions in the road structure of high embankment and wide pavement. The widening of road pavement from 5 m to 24.5 m may lead to an increase of 1.5～2 m of thawing penetration. Consequently, when designing the height of fill embankment for wide road structure in permafrost region of the middle-or low-latitude but high-altitude areas, the specific cross-sectional characteristics of embankment shall be considered, and during the period from construction stage to stable stage under the extreme weathers, the temperature field in wide pavement-embankment structure shall be calculated to ensure the thawing penetration at the road shoulder at the sunny side may always meet the requirements.
引文
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[9]DoréG,Niu F,Brooks H.Adaptation methods for transportation infrastructure built on degrading permafrost[J].Permafrost and Periglacial Processes,2016,27(4):352-364
[10]汪双杰,陈建兵.青藏高原多年冻土路基温度场公路空间效应的非线性分析[J].岩土工程学报,2008,30(10):1544-1549(Wang Shuangjie,Chen Jianbing.Nonlinear analysis for dimensional effects of temperature field of highway embankment in permafrost regions on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2008,30(10):1544-1549(in Chinese))
[11]彭惠,陈建兵,王佐,等.青藏高原多年冻土区道路工程热影响范围[J].中国公路学报,2015,28(12):92-99,142(Peng Hui,Chen Jianbing,Wang Zuo,et al.Heat affected area of road engineering in permafrost regions of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2015,28(12):92-99,142(in Chinese))
[12]汪海年,窦明健.青藏高原多年冻土地区路基热稳定性影响因素分析[J].公路,2005(5):1-5(Wang Hainian,Dou Mingjian.A study on factors influencing thermal stability of permafrost embankments in Qinghai-Tibet plateau[J].Highway,2005(5):1-5(in Chinese))
[13]Wu Q,Zhang Z,Liu Y.Long-term thermal effect of asphalt pavement on permafrost under an embankment[J].Cold Regions Science and Technology,2010,60(3):221-229
[14]陈佳宇,田亚护,池秀静.多年冻土区宽幅公路路基的温度特性模拟分析[J].路基工程,2015(3):22-29(Chen Jiayu,Tian Yahu,Chi Xiujing.Simulation analysis on thermal characteristics of large-width subgradein permafrost regions[J].Subgrade Engineering,2015(3):22-29(in Chinese))
[15]汪双杰,刘戈,叶莉,等.多年冻土区宽幅路基热效应防治对策研究[J].中国公路学报,2015,28(12):26-32(Wang Shuangjie,Liu Ge,Ye Li,et al.Research on control countermeasures of thermal effect of wide embankment in permafrost regions[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2015,28(12):26-32(in Chinese))
[16]Ma T,Tang T,Ding X,et al.Thermal regime analysis and protective measure evaluation for wide embankment in permafrost regions of Qinghai-Tibet plateau[J].International Journal of Civil Engineering,2017(1):1-14
[17]权磊,田波,牛开民,等.青藏高原高等级道路路基路面温度变化特征[J].交通运输工程学报,2017,17(2):21-30(Quan Lei,Tian Bo,Niu Kaimin,et al.Temperature variation properties of pavements and subgrades for high-grade roads on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J].Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,2017,17(2):21-30(in Chinese))
[2]DoréG,Niu F,Brooks H.Adaptation methods for transportation infrastructure built on degrading permafrost[J].Permafrost and Periglacial Processes,2016,27(4):352-364
[3]汪双杰,陈建兵,金龙,等.冻土路基热收支状态的尺度效应[J].中国公路学报,2015,28(12):9-16(Wang Shuangjie,Chen Jianbing,Jin Long,et al.Scale effect of thermal budget of permafrost embankment[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2015,28(12):9-16(in Chinese))
[4]Reimchen D,DoréG,Fortier D,et al.Cost and constructability of permafrost test sections along the Alaska Highway,Yukon[C]//2009 Annual Conference and Exhibition of the Transportation Association of Canada-Transportation in a Climate of Change.Vancouver:Transportation Association of Canada,2009
[5]汪双杰,李祝龙,武憼民.多年冻土地区公路筑路技术研究现状与新课题[J].冰川冻土,2003,25(4):471-475(Wang Shuangjie,Li Zhulong,Wu Jingmin.The state of the art and new subjects of highway research in permafrost regions of China[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2003,25(4):471-475(in Chinese))
[6]MacLeod D R,Walsh R.Pavement management for permafrost conditions[C]//Eighth International Conference on Managing Pavement Assets.Santiago:Federal Highway Administration,2011
[7]汪双杰,陈建兵,章金钊,等.青藏高原多年冻土区公路修筑技术之进展[J].中国科学E刊:科学技术,2009,39(1):8-15(Wang Shuangjie,Chen Jianbing,Zhang Jinzhao,et al.Development of highway constructing technology in the permafrost region on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau[J].Science in China Series E:Technological Sciences,2009,39(1):8-15(in Chinese))
[8]Berg R L.Effect of color and texture on the surface temperature of asphalt concrete pavements[R].Juneau,AK,US:Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities,1985
[9]DoréG,Niu F,Brooks H.Adaptation methods for transportation infrastructure built on degrading permafrost[J].Permafrost and Periglacial Processes,2016,27(4):352-364
[10]汪双杰,陈建兵.青藏高原多年冻土路基温度场公路空间效应的非线性分析[J].岩土工程学报,2008,30(10):1544-1549(Wang Shuangjie,Chen Jianbing.Nonlinear analysis for dimensional effects of temperature field of highway embankment in permafrost regions on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2008,30(10):1544-1549(in Chinese))
[11]彭惠,陈建兵,王佐,等.青藏高原多年冻土区道路工程热影响范围[J].中国公路学报,2015,28(12):92-99,142(Peng Hui,Chen Jianbing,Wang Zuo,et al.Heat affected area of road engineering in permafrost regions of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2015,28(12):92-99,142(in Chinese))
[12]汪海年,窦明健.青藏高原多年冻土地区路基热稳定性影响因素分析[J].公路,2005(5):1-5(Wang Hainian,Dou Mingjian.A study on factors influencing thermal stability of permafrost embankments in Qinghai-Tibet plateau[J].Highway,2005(5):1-5(in Chinese))
[13]Wu Q,Zhang Z,Liu Y.Long-term thermal effect of asphalt pavement on permafrost under an embankment[J].Cold Regions Science and Technology,2010,60(3):221-229
[14]陈佳宇,田亚护,池秀静.多年冻土区宽幅公路路基的温度特性模拟分析[J].路基工程,2015(3):22-29(Chen Jiayu,Tian Yahu,Chi Xiujing.Simulation analysis on thermal characteristics of large-width subgradein permafrost regions[J].Subgrade Engineering,2015(3):22-29(in Chinese))
[15]汪双杰,刘戈,叶莉,等.多年冻土区宽幅路基热效应防治对策研究[J].中国公路学报,2015,28(12):26-32(Wang Shuangjie,Liu Ge,Ye Li,et al.Research on control countermeasures of thermal effect of wide embankment in permafrost regions[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2015,28(12):26-32(in Chinese))
[16]Ma T,Tang T,Ding X,et al.Thermal regime analysis and protective measure evaluation for wide embankment in permafrost regions of Qinghai-Tibet plateau[J].International Journal of Civil Engineering,2017(1):1-14
[17]权磊,田波,牛开民,等.青藏高原高等级道路路基路面温度变化特征[J].交通运输工程学报,2017,17(2):21-30(Quan Lei,Tian Bo,Niu Kaimin,et al.Temperature variation properties of pavements and subgrades for high-grade roads on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J].Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,2017,17(2):21-30(in Chinese))
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