2013～2016年广西猪伪狂犬病流行病学调查分析
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摘要
【目的】全面了解广西猪伪狂犬病毒(PRV)的流行特点,为相关部门制定科学的猪伪狂犬病防控措施提供决策参考。【方法】于2013年6月~2016年8月从广西12个地市不同规模猪场采集疑似猪伪狂犬病阳性组织样品473份和血清样品5041份,通过PCR和ELISA分别对组织样品和血清样品进行PRV病原和野毒抗体检测。【结果】广西地区规模猪场的组织样品和血清样品PRV阳性率分别为26.43%和24.50%,且组织样品PRV病原阳性率与血清样品野毒抗体阳性率基本一致,以2015年的PRV阳性率最低、2016年的PRV阳性率最高。在广西地区一年四季均能检测到PRV,且组织样品的PRV病原阳性率和血清样品的野毒抗体阳性率均以第三季度(秋季)最低,分别为19.80%和14.95%。除了梧州市和防城港市的检测样品未检出PRV外,其他10个地市的检测样品均能检出PRV,说明广西规模猪场普遍存在PRV感染,且以南宁、玉林、北海和桂林等地市较严重。【结论】广西规模猪场普遍存在PRV感染,尤其是2016年PRV阳性率明显上升。因此,要求养猪业发达的地市应加大对PRV的防控力度,实时监控PRV的流行趋势,避免混合感染,并做好净化工作。
【Objective】The purpose of this study was to fully study the epidemic characteristics of porcine pseudorabies virus(PRV)in Guangxi to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of porcine pseudorabies.【Method】From June,2013 to August,2016,473 suspected PRV positive tissue samples and 5041 suspected PRV positive serum samples were collected from pig farms of different scales in 12 cities in Guangxi. The pathogen of porcine pseudorabies and wild virus antibody in tissue and serum samples were detected by PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)respectively.【Result】Positive rate for PRV of tissue and serum samples collected from scale pig farms in Guangxi were26.43% and 24.50% respectively,and the positive rate of wild virus pathogen in tissue samples was basically consistent with that of PRV antibody in serum samples. The lowest positive rate for PRV occurred in 2015,while the highest in2016. In Guangxi,PRV could be detected in all seasons,and the positive rate for PRV pathogen in tissue samples and that of antibody in serum samples were the lowest in the third quarter(autumn),which were 19.80% and 14.95% respectively. PRV could be detected in samples collected fromten out of the twelve cities in Guangxi,except Wuzhou and Fangchenggang,indicating that PRV infection was prevalent in scale pig farms in Guangxi,with Nanning,Yulin,Beihai and Guilin more serious.【Conclusion】PRV infection is commonin scale pig farms in Guangxi,and positive rate for PRV obviously increases in 2016,which requires intensified efforts to prevent and control PRV in areas where pig industry is developed,and real-time monitoring on PRV epidemiological trend to avoid mixed infection and do a good job in purification.
【Objective】The purpose of this study was to fully study the epidemic characteristics of porcine pseudorabies virus(PRV)in Guangxi to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of porcine pseudorabies.【Method】From June,2013 to August,2016,473 suspected PRV positive tissue samples and 5041 suspected PRV positive serum samples were collected from pig farms of different scales in 12 cities in Guangxi. The pathogen of porcine pseudorabies and wild virus antibody in tissue and serum samples were detected by PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)respectively.【Result】Positive rate for PRV of tissue and serum samples collected from scale pig farms in Guangxi were26.43% and 24.50% respectively,and the positive rate of wild virus pathogen in tissue samples was basically consistent with that of PRV antibody in serum samples. The lowest positive rate for PRV occurred in 2015,while the highest in2016. In Guangxi,PRV could be detected in all seasons,and the positive rate for PRV pathogen in tissue samples and that of antibody in serum samples were the lowest in the third quarter(autumn),which were 19.80% and 14.95% respectively. PRV could be detected in samples collected fromten out of the twelve cities in Guangxi,except Wuzhou and Fangchenggang,indicating that PRV infection was prevalent in scale pig farms in Guangxi,with Nanning,Yulin,Beihai and Guilin more serious.【Conclusion】PRV infection is commonin scale pig farms in Guangxi,and positive rate for PRV obviously increases in 2016,which requires intensified efforts to prevent and control PRV in areas where pig industry is developed,and real-time monitoring on PRV epidemiological trend to avoid mixed infection and do a good job in purification.
引文
常晨,张道华,唐波,刘国阳,华涛,侯继波.2016.南京地区1株猪伪狂犬病毒的分离与鉴定[J].江西农业学报,28(6):82-86.[Chang C,Zhang D H,Tang B,Liu G Y,Hua T,Hou J B.2016.Separation and identification of a strain of porcine pseudorabies virus in Nanjing area[J].Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi,28(6):82-86.]
程晶,陈艳红,荫硕焱,盖新娜,查振林,郭鑫,杨汉春.2009.2006~2008年我国部分地区规模化猪场PRV血清流行病学调查[J].中国动物传染病学报,17(1):67-72.[Cheng J,Chen Y H,Yin S Y,Ge X N,Zha Z L,Guo X,Yang HC.2009.Serological survey of porcine pseudorabies in part of the extensive swine farms in China from 2006 to2008[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Infectious Diseases,17(1):67-72.]
党占国,高进勇,孙哲,晋春霞,庄金山,彭大新.2016.2012-2015年我国部分地区规模化猪场伪狂犬病血清流行病学调查[J].畜牧与兽医,48(8):76-79.[Dang Z G,Gao J Y,Sun Z,Jin C X,Zhuang J S,Peng D X.2016.Serological survey of porcine pseudorabies in part of the large-scale swine farms in China from 2012 to 2015[J].Animal Husbandry&Veterinary Medicine,48(8):76-79.]
华利忠,刘剑锋,冯志新,杨若松,邵国青.2017.猪伪狂犬病病毒新流行变异毒株的研究进展[J].江苏农业学报,33(2):476-480.[Hua L Z,Liu J F,Feng Z X,Yang R S,Shao G Q.2017.Progress in novel pseudorabies virus variants prevalent in China[J].Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences,33(2):476-480.]
林俊,陈冰,覃绍敏,曹颖颖,刘金风,石永胜,白安斌,赵武,吴健敏.2016.广西伪狂犬病毒流行株的分离鉴定及遗传变异分析[J].江苏农业学报,32(1):142-150.[Lin J,Chen B,Qin S M,Cao Y Y,Liu J F,Shi Y S,Bai A B,Zhao W,Wu J M.2016.Identification and genetic variation of pseudorabies virus in Guangxi Province[J].Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences,32(1):142-150.]
彭金美,安同庆,赵鸿远,刘益民,陈家锃,冷超粮,孙艳,常丹,田志军,童光志.2013.猪伪狂犬病病毒新流行株的分离鉴定及抗原差异性分析[J].中国预防兽医学报,35(1):1-4.[Peng J M,An T Q,Zhao H Y,Liu Y M,Chen J Z,Leng C L,Sun Y,Chang D,Tian Z J,Tong G Z.2013.Identification and antigenic variation of new epidemiology of pseudorabies virus from swine[J].Chinese Journal of Preventive Veterinary Medicine,35(1):1-4.]
谭春萍,黄福标,于冬玲,张艳雯.2016.广西部分地区猪伪狂犬病流行情况调查与分析[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,(12):122-123.[Tan C P,Huang F B,Yu D L,Zhang Y W.2016.Investigation and analysis on the phenomenon of pseudorabies in some areas of Guangxi[J].Heilongjiang Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,(12):122-123.]
王香玲,沈诗源,焦连国,张家旺,王芳芳,吴星亮,王排军,王贵华.2014.猪伪狂犬病毒PCR检测方法的建立及应用[J].中国兽药杂志,48(11):5-9.[Wang X L,Shen S Y,Jiao L G,Zhang J W,Wang F F,Wu X L,Wang P J,Wang G H.2014.Establishment and application of PCRdetection method for porcine pseudorabies virus[J].Chinese Journal of Veterinary Drugs,48(11):5-9.]
王仰杰,覃绍敏,黄红梅,陈凤莲,马玲,袁书智,吴健敏.2008.广西猪伪狂犬病的流行病学调查及现状[C].大连:中国畜牧兽医学会动物传染病学分会第三届猪病防控学术研讨会:489-493.[Wang Y J,Tan S M,Huang HM,Chen F L,Ma L,Yuan S Z,Wu J M.2008.Epidemiological survey and current status of swine pseudorabies in Guangxi[C].Dalian:The 3rdSymposium on Prevention and Control of Swine Disease by Animal Disease and Infectious Diseases Branch,Chinese Society of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine:489-493.]
魏春华,戴爱玲,李晓华,刘建奎,陈泽铭,杨小燕.2016.福建省猪伪狂犬病病毒新流行株g D、g E基因遗传变异分析[J].中国兽医杂志,52(3):15-18.[Wei C H,Dai A L,Li X H,Liu J K,Chen Z M,Yang X Y.2016.Genetic variation analysis of the g D and g E gene of new epidemiology of porcine pseudorabies virus in Fujian[J].Chinese Journal of Veterinary Medicine,52(3):15-18.]
殷震,刘景华.1997.动物病毒学[M].第2版.北京:科学出版社:998-1009.[Yin Z,Liu J H.1997.Animal Virology[M].The 2ndEdition.Beijing:Science Press:998-1009.]
赵军,黄剑波,朱玲,徐志文.2016.伪狂犬病毒表达载体的研究进展[J].猪业科学,33(2):102-105.[Zhao J,Huang JB,Zhu L,Xu Z W.2016.Research progress of pseudorabies virus expression vector[J].Poultry Science,33(2):102-105.]
钟舒红,胡帅,李军,潘艳,杨威,彭昊,陈泽祥.2016.2012-2014年广西部分地区猪伪狂犬病野毒株感染血清学调查[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,(8):122-124.[Zhong S H,Hu S,Li J,Pan Y,Yang W,Peng H,Chen Z X.2016.Serological investigation on the infection of wild pseudorabies virus in Guangxi in 2012-2014[J].Heilongjiang Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,(8):122-124.]
朱秋艳.2016.狐狸伪狂犬病的诊断与防控[J].特种经济动植物,19(4):7-8.[Zhu Q Y.2016.Diagnosis and prevention of fox pseudorabies[J].Special Economic Animal and Plant,19(4):7-8.]
邹敏,杨旭兵,郑辉,王红,李陆梅,孙健,王福军,吴发兴,范根成.2015.2012-2013年我国部分地区猪伪狂犬病流行病学调查[J].中国动物检疫,32(4):1-5.[Zou M,Yang X B,Zheng H,Wang H,Li L M,Sun J,Wang F J,Wu FX,Fan G C.2015.Epidemiological survey of pseudorabies in some areas in China from 2012 to 2013[J].China Animal Health Inspection,32(4):1-5.]
Hu R M,Zhou Q,Song W B,Sun E C,Zhang M M,He QG,Chen H C,Wu B,Liu Z F.2015.Novel pseudorabies virus variant with defects in TK,g E and g I protects growing pigs against lethal challenge[J].Vaccine,33(43):5733-5740.
Luo Y,Li N,Cong X,Wang C H,Du M,Li L,Zhao B,Yuan J,Liu D D,Li S,Li Y,Sun Y,Qiu H J.2014.Pathogenicity and genomic characterization of a pseudorabies virus variant isolated from Bartha-K61-vaccinated swine population in China[J].Veterinary Microbiology,174(1-2):107-115.
Wu R,Bai C Y,Sun J Z,Chang S K,Zhang X K.2013.Emergence of virulent pseudorabies virus infection in Northern China[J].Journal of Veterinary Science,14(3):363-365.
Ye C,Guo J C,Gao J C,Wang T Y,Zhao K,Chang X B,Wang Q,Peng J M,Tian Z J,Cai X H,Tong G Z,An T Q.2016.Genomic analyses reveal that partial sequence of an earlier pseudorabies virus in China is originated from a Bartha-vaccine-like strain[J].Virology,491:56-63.
Ye C,Zhang Q Z,Tian Z J,Zheng H,Zhao K,Liu F,Guo JC,Tong W,Jiang C G,Wang S J,Shi M,Chang X B,Jiang Y F,Peng J M,Zhou Y J,Tang Y D,Sun M X,Cai X H,An T Q,Tong G Z.2015.Genomic characterization of emergent pseudorabies virus in China reveals marked sequence divergence:Evidence for the existence of two major genotypes[J].Virology,483:32-43.
Zhang L,Zhong C,Wang J,Lu Z,Liu L,Yang W,LüY.2015.Pathogenesis of natural and experimental pseudorabies virus infections in dogs[J].Virology Journal,12:44.doi:10.1186/s12985-015-0274-8.
程晶,陈艳红,荫硕焱,盖新娜,查振林,郭鑫,杨汉春.2009.2006~2008年我国部分地区规模化猪场PRV血清流行病学调查[J].中国动物传染病学报,17(1):67-72.[Cheng J,Chen Y H,Yin S Y,Ge X N,Zha Z L,Guo X,Yang HC.2009.Serological survey of porcine pseudorabies in part of the extensive swine farms in China from 2006 to2008[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Infectious Diseases,17(1):67-72.]
党占国,高进勇,孙哲,晋春霞,庄金山,彭大新.2016.2012-2015年我国部分地区规模化猪场伪狂犬病血清流行病学调查[J].畜牧与兽医,48(8):76-79.[Dang Z G,Gao J Y,Sun Z,Jin C X,Zhuang J S,Peng D X.2016.Serological survey of porcine pseudorabies in part of the large-scale swine farms in China from 2012 to 2015[J].Animal Husbandry&Veterinary Medicine,48(8):76-79.]
华利忠,刘剑锋,冯志新,杨若松,邵国青.2017.猪伪狂犬病病毒新流行变异毒株的研究进展[J].江苏农业学报,33(2):476-480.[Hua L Z,Liu J F,Feng Z X,Yang R S,Shao G Q.2017.Progress in novel pseudorabies virus variants prevalent in China[J].Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences,33(2):476-480.]
林俊,陈冰,覃绍敏,曹颖颖,刘金风,石永胜,白安斌,赵武,吴健敏.2016.广西伪狂犬病毒流行株的分离鉴定及遗传变异分析[J].江苏农业学报,32(1):142-150.[Lin J,Chen B,Qin S M,Cao Y Y,Liu J F,Shi Y S,Bai A B,Zhao W,Wu J M.2016.Identification and genetic variation of pseudorabies virus in Guangxi Province[J].Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences,32(1):142-150.]
彭金美,安同庆,赵鸿远,刘益民,陈家锃,冷超粮,孙艳,常丹,田志军,童光志.2013.猪伪狂犬病病毒新流行株的分离鉴定及抗原差异性分析[J].中国预防兽医学报,35(1):1-4.[Peng J M,An T Q,Zhao H Y,Liu Y M,Chen J Z,Leng C L,Sun Y,Chang D,Tian Z J,Tong G Z.2013.Identification and antigenic variation of new epidemiology of pseudorabies virus from swine[J].Chinese Journal of Preventive Veterinary Medicine,35(1):1-4.]
谭春萍,黄福标,于冬玲,张艳雯.2016.广西部分地区猪伪狂犬病流行情况调查与分析[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,(12):122-123.[Tan C P,Huang F B,Yu D L,Zhang Y W.2016.Investigation and analysis on the phenomenon of pseudorabies in some areas of Guangxi[J].Heilongjiang Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,(12):122-123.]
王香玲,沈诗源,焦连国,张家旺,王芳芳,吴星亮,王排军,王贵华.2014.猪伪狂犬病毒PCR检测方法的建立及应用[J].中国兽药杂志,48(11):5-9.[Wang X L,Shen S Y,Jiao L G,Zhang J W,Wang F F,Wu X L,Wang P J,Wang G H.2014.Establishment and application of PCRdetection method for porcine pseudorabies virus[J].Chinese Journal of Veterinary Drugs,48(11):5-9.]
王仰杰,覃绍敏,黄红梅,陈凤莲,马玲,袁书智,吴健敏.2008.广西猪伪狂犬病的流行病学调查及现状[C].大连:中国畜牧兽医学会动物传染病学分会第三届猪病防控学术研讨会:489-493.[Wang Y J,Tan S M,Huang HM,Chen F L,Ma L,Yuan S Z,Wu J M.2008.Epidemiological survey and current status of swine pseudorabies in Guangxi[C].Dalian:The 3rdSymposium on Prevention and Control of Swine Disease by Animal Disease and Infectious Diseases Branch,Chinese Society of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine:489-493.]
魏春华,戴爱玲,李晓华,刘建奎,陈泽铭,杨小燕.2016.福建省猪伪狂犬病病毒新流行株g D、g E基因遗传变异分析[J].中国兽医杂志,52(3):15-18.[Wei C H,Dai A L,Li X H,Liu J K,Chen Z M,Yang X Y.2016.Genetic variation analysis of the g D and g E gene of new epidemiology of porcine pseudorabies virus in Fujian[J].Chinese Journal of Veterinary Medicine,52(3):15-18.]
殷震,刘景华.1997.动物病毒学[M].第2版.北京:科学出版社:998-1009.[Yin Z,Liu J H.1997.Animal Virology[M].The 2ndEdition.Beijing:Science Press:998-1009.]
赵军,黄剑波,朱玲,徐志文.2016.伪狂犬病毒表达载体的研究进展[J].猪业科学,33(2):102-105.[Zhao J,Huang JB,Zhu L,Xu Z W.2016.Research progress of pseudorabies virus expression vector[J].Poultry Science,33(2):102-105.]
钟舒红,胡帅,李军,潘艳,杨威,彭昊,陈泽祥.2016.2012-2014年广西部分地区猪伪狂犬病野毒株感染血清学调查[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,(8):122-124.[Zhong S H,Hu S,Li J,Pan Y,Yang W,Peng H,Chen Z X.2016.Serological investigation on the infection of wild pseudorabies virus in Guangxi in 2012-2014[J].Heilongjiang Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,(8):122-124.]
朱秋艳.2016.狐狸伪狂犬病的诊断与防控[J].特种经济动植物,19(4):7-8.[Zhu Q Y.2016.Diagnosis and prevention of fox pseudorabies[J].Special Economic Animal and Plant,19(4):7-8.]
邹敏,杨旭兵,郑辉,王红,李陆梅,孙健,王福军,吴发兴,范根成.2015.2012-2013年我国部分地区猪伪狂犬病流行病学调查[J].中国动物检疫,32(4):1-5.[Zou M,Yang X B,Zheng H,Wang H,Li L M,Sun J,Wang F J,Wu FX,Fan G C.2015.Epidemiological survey of pseudorabies in some areas in China from 2012 to 2013[J].China Animal Health Inspection,32(4):1-5.]
Hu R M,Zhou Q,Song W B,Sun E C,Zhang M M,He QG,Chen H C,Wu B,Liu Z F.2015.Novel pseudorabies virus variant with defects in TK,g E and g I protects growing pigs against lethal challenge[J].Vaccine,33(43):5733-5740.
Luo Y,Li N,Cong X,Wang C H,Du M,Li L,Zhao B,Yuan J,Liu D D,Li S,Li Y,Sun Y,Qiu H J.2014.Pathogenicity and genomic characterization of a pseudorabies virus variant isolated from Bartha-K61-vaccinated swine population in China[J].Veterinary Microbiology,174(1-2):107-115.
Wu R,Bai C Y,Sun J Z,Chang S K,Zhang X K.2013.Emergence of virulent pseudorabies virus infection in Northern China[J].Journal of Veterinary Science,14(3):363-365.
Ye C,Guo J C,Gao J C,Wang T Y,Zhao K,Chang X B,Wang Q,Peng J M,Tian Z J,Cai X H,Tong G Z,An T Q.2016.Genomic analyses reveal that partial sequence of an earlier pseudorabies virus in China is originated from a Bartha-vaccine-like strain[J].Virology,491:56-63.
Ye C,Zhang Q Z,Tian Z J,Zheng H,Zhao K,Liu F,Guo JC,Tong W,Jiang C G,Wang S J,Shi M,Chang X B,Jiang Y F,Peng J M,Zhou Y J,Tang Y D,Sun M X,Cai X H,An T Q,Tong G Z.2015.Genomic characterization of emergent pseudorabies virus in China reveals marked sequence divergence:Evidence for the existence of two major genotypes[J].Virology,483:32-43.
Zhang L,Zhong C,Wang J,Lu Z,Liu L,Yang W,LüY.2015.Pathogenesis of natural and experimental pseudorabies virus infections in dogs[J].Virology Journal,12:44.doi:10.1186/s12985-015-0274-8.