废杂铜电解用添加剂的研究及生产实践
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摘要
采用杂铜进行电解精炼时,每一批次原料的杂质种类及含量范围有较大的波动,难以借鉴以矿铜为原料的电解精炼生产经验。在铜电解精炼中加入添加剂是提升阴极铜质量的有效措施之一,本文对杂铜电解精炼中添加剂骨胶、硫脲、盐酸的行为和作用机理进行了研究:骨胶的加入可以使阴极铜表面平整光滑,但需要控制好温度(约65℃),并要定期适量加入;盐酸离子作为添加剂,可增加电铜表面光亮度,氯离子浓度应控制在0.04～0. 05 g/L;骨胶的加入量为硫脲量5～6倍。生产实践中,添加剂用量会受到电流密度和酸浓度的影响,需要进行试验确定最优生产条件。
When scrap copper is used for electrolytic refining, due to the large fluctuations in the types and content of impurities in each batch of raw materials, it is difficult to learn from the experience of electrolytic refining production using copper ore as raw material. Adding additives in copper electrolytic refining is one of the effective measures to improve the quality of copper cathode. In this paper, the behavior and mechanism of the additives such as bone glue, thiourea and hydrochloric acid in scrap copper refining were studied, and found that the addition of bone glue could make the copper surface of the cathode smooth, but the temperature was needed to control(about65 ℃), and the additives was added in moderation at regular intervals; hydrochloric acid ion as an additive could increase the brightness of the surface of the copper, and chloride ion concentration should be controlled at 0. 04 ～0. 05 g/L; the amount of bone glue added was 5-6 times the amount of thiourea. In production practice, the amount of additive is affected by current density and acid concentration, and testing is required to determine the optimal production conditions.
When scrap copper is used for electrolytic refining, due to the large fluctuations in the types and content of impurities in each batch of raw materials, it is difficult to learn from the experience of electrolytic refining production using copper ore as raw material. Adding additives in copper electrolytic refining is one of the effective measures to improve the quality of copper cathode. In this paper, the behavior and mechanism of the additives such as bone glue, thiourea and hydrochloric acid in scrap copper refining were studied, and found that the addition of bone glue could make the copper surface of the cathode smooth, but the temperature was needed to control(about65 ℃), and the additives was added in moderation at regular intervals; hydrochloric acid ion as an additive could increase the brightness of the surface of the copper, and chloride ion concentration should be controlled at 0. 04 ～0. 05 g/L; the amount of bone glue added was 5-6 times the amount of thiourea. In production practice, the amount of additive is affected by current density and acid concentration, and testing is required to determine the optimal production conditions.
引文
[1]朱祖泽,贺家齐.现代铜冶金学[M].北京:北京科学出版社,2003:558-560.
[2]马朝庆.钢电解精炼新型添加剂的实脸研究[J].有色矿冶,2000(4):32-34.
[3]刘晓燕,李坚,吕玉国.铜电解中添加剂的检测[J].江西有色金属,2008, 22(3):22-25.
[4] Ramachandran V. The Electrorefining and Wining of Copper[C]//The Metallurgical Society of AIME, TMS 116~(th)Annual Meeting New York. Interscience Publiehera,1987:24-26.
[5]李仕雄,谢大元,林升叨,等.铜电解添加剂的工业监控[J].中国有色金属学报,2004, 14(1):132-137.
[6] KERBY R C, JANKOLA W A, Claesseens P L, et al. Proceeding of international symposium on electro-metallurgical plant practice[C]. CANADA:Pergamon Press, 1990:309-323.
[7]王文祥,刘志宏,章诚.影响电解铜质量因素分析[J].有色矿冶,2001,17(5):25-28.
[8] KERBY, ROBERT C. Method and Apparatus for Controlling the Quaility of Electrolytes:USA, 4324621 A[P]. 1982-07-18.
[2]马朝庆.钢电解精炼新型添加剂的实脸研究[J].有色矿冶,2000(4):32-34.
[3]刘晓燕,李坚,吕玉国.铜电解中添加剂的检测[J].江西有色金属,2008, 22(3):22-25.
[4] Ramachandran V. The Electrorefining and Wining of Copper[C]//The Metallurgical Society of AIME, TMS 116~(th)Annual Meeting New York. Interscience Publiehera,1987:24-26.
[5]李仕雄,谢大元,林升叨,等.铜电解添加剂的工业监控[J].中国有色金属学报,2004, 14(1):132-137.
[6] KERBY R C, JANKOLA W A, Claesseens P L, et al. Proceeding of international symposium on electro-metallurgical plant practice[C]. CANADA:Pergamon Press, 1990:309-323.
[7]王文祥,刘志宏,章诚.影响电解铜质量因素分析[J].有色矿冶,2001,17(5):25-28.
[8] KERBY, ROBERT C. Method and Apparatus for Controlling the Quaility of Electrolytes:USA, 4324621 A[P]. 1982-07-18.