复杂水力冲刷下河槽与航道等级提升后的航槽衔接方法——以武汉河段为例
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摘要
武汉河段为长江中下游16个第一类重点整治河段之一,水力冲刷条件复杂.通过实测资料分析三峡建库前后的来水来沙变化,并进行河道与航道演变分析,再依据已有航道整治工程实践经验,系统总结出提升航道等级必须要因势利导、相机实施整治工程,复杂水力冲刷下河槽与航道等级提升后的航槽衔接方法分为防护型衔接和建设型衔接2类.防护型衔接主要分为守护现有底坡边滩和稳定改善汊道航槽状态2种衔接措施,建设型衔接主要分为塞支强干、维持一汊通航和控导汊道分流、选择2汊通航2种衔接措施.
Wuhan reach is one of the 16 first grade reaches that need reinforcement in the middle and lower of the Yangtze River; and its hydraulic scour condition is complicated. Using the measured data, the author analyzes the changes of coming water and sand before and after the construction of the Three Gorges Reservoir, and analyzes the evolution of river and channel. On the basis of existing waterway regulation engineering construction experience, the author summarizes systematically that improving the channel grade must make the best use of the circumstances and implement regulation poject in response to the situation. The connecting method of river in the condition of complicated hydraulic scour to navigation channel with elevated channel grade can be mainly divided into two categories, i.e. protective type and constructive type. The protective type mainly include protecting existing base slopes and marginal banks and optimizing branching channels. The constructive type mainly include jamming tributaries to strengthen main stream and replanning new channels.
Wuhan reach is one of the 16 first grade reaches that need reinforcement in the middle and lower of the Yangtze River; and its hydraulic scour condition is complicated. Using the measured data, the author analyzes the changes of coming water and sand before and after the construction of the Three Gorges Reservoir, and analyzes the evolution of river and channel. On the basis of existing waterway regulation engineering construction experience, the author summarizes systematically that improving the channel grade must make the best use of the circumstances and implement regulation poject in response to the situation. The connecting method of river in the condition of complicated hydraulic scour to navigation channel with elevated channel grade can be mainly divided into two categories, i.e. protective type and constructive type. The protective type mainly include protecting existing base slopes and marginal banks and optimizing branching channels. The constructive type mainly include jamming tributaries to strengthen main stream and replanning new channels.
引文
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[2] 李永强,陈红中.莱茵河荷兰段河道整治工程建设的启示[J].人民长江,2007,38(11):32-33,69.Li Yongqiang,Chen Hongzhong.The implication of the construction of river regulation project in the Netherlands of Rhine river[J].Yangtze River,2007,38(11):32-33,69.
[3] 董耀华,汪秀丽.密西西比河下游河道裁弯工程影响与近期演变分析[J].水利电力科技,2005,31(3):1-19.Dong Yaohua,Wang Xiuli.The influence of cut-off works in the lower reaches of the Mississippi river and the analysis of recent evolution[J].Water Resources and Electric Power,2005,31(3):1-19.
[4] 常航.美国密西西比河航运开发的启示[J].综合运输,2004,(7):85-89.Chang Hang.Implications of shipping development in the Mississippi river[J].Comprehensive Transportation,2004,(7):85-89.
[5] 后立胜,许学工.密西西比河流域治理的措施及启示[J].人民黄河,2001,23(1):39-41,46.Hou Lisheng,Xu Xuegong.Measures and implications of the Mississippi river basin management[J].Yellow River,2001,23(1):39-41,46.
[6] 张沛文.长江流域的航运发展与航道规划建设经验[J].水运工程,2007,(11):91-96.Zhang Peiwen.Navigation development and waterway planning & construction experience of Yangtze river basin[J].Port & Waterway Engineering,2007,(11):91-96.
[7] 长江航道局.长江干线“十三五”航道治理建设规划[R].武汉:长江航道局,2015:37.Changjiang Waterway Bureau.The“13th five-year” channel regulation construction plan of Yangtze river trunk[R].Wuhan:Changjiang Waterway Bureau,2015:37.
[8] 长江航道规划设计研究院,国家内河航道整治工程技术研究中心.长江干线宜昌至安庆段航道整治模型试验研究论证报告[R].武汉:长江航道规划设计研究院,2016.Changjiang Waterway Institute of Planning and Design,National Inland Waterway Regulation Engineering Technology Research Center.Waterway regulation model test research report of Yangtze river stem from Yichang to Anqing[R].Wuhan:Changjiang Waterway Institute of Planning and Design,2016.
[9] 许全喜,童辉.近50年来长江水沙变化规律研究[J].水文,2012,32(5):38-47,76.Xu Quanxi,Tong Hui.Characteristics of flow and sediment change in Yangtze river in recent 50 years[J].Journal of China Hydrology,2012,32(5):38-47,76.
[10] 岳红艳,朱勇辉,卢金友,等.长江武汉河段近期河床演变特性探讨[J].水利水电快报,2017,38(11):43-46.Yue Hongyan,Zhu Yonghui,Lu Jinyou,et al.Discussion on the recent riverbed evolution characteristics in Wuhan reach of Yangtze river[J].Express Water Resources & Hydropower Information,2017,38(11):43-46.
[11] 黄仁勇.长江上游梯级水库泥沙输移与泥沙调度研究[D].武汉:武汉大学,2016.Huang Renyong.Study on the sediment transport and sediment operation of cascade reservoirs in the upper Yangtze river[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University,2016.
[12] 张细兵,孙贵洲,王敏.长江上游建库后武汉至安庆段航道条件变化分析[J].人民长江,2014,45(12):65-69,92.Zhang Xibing,Sun Guizhou,Wang Min.Analysis on navigation channel variation from Wuhan to Anqing of Yangtze river after construction of upstream reservoirs[J].Yangtze River,2014,45(12):65-69,92.
[13] 唐金武.长江中下游河道演变及航道整治方法[D].武汉:武汉大学,2012.Tang Jinwu.Deformation and channel regulation method of middle and lower Yangtze river[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University,2012.
[14] 长江水利委员会长江科学院.武汉天兴洲洲头整治工程河段河床演变及工程效果分析研究报告[R].武汉:长江水利委员会长江科学院,2006.Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute.Report ofriverbed evolution and regulation effect in Tianxingzhou sandbar of Wuhan[R].Wuhan:Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,2006.
[15] 尹志,卢婧,王濂,等.铁板洲河段河势近期演变及分流分沙分析[J].价值工程,2017,36(28):196-200.Yin Zhi,Lu Jing,Wang Lian,et al.Analysis of the recent evolution of river regime and diversion and sedimentation in Tiebanzhou reach[J].Value Engineering,2017,36(28):196-200.
[16] 胡鹏,裴金林,陆建萍,等.分汊河道通航条件及航路布置方案[J].水运工程,2014,(12):92-95.Hu Peng,Pei Jinlin,Lu Jianping,et al.Navigation conditions and ship route layout of the braided river[J].Port & Waterway Engineering,2014,(12):92-95.
[17] 李巍.长江中游金口水道新航路研究[J].中国水运,2014,(8):38-39.Li Wei.Research on new route of jinkou channel in middle reaches of Yangtze river[J].China Water Transport,2014,(8):38-39.