武夷名丛茶树种质资源农艺性状多样性分析
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摘要
为研究武夷山地方茶树种质资源的遗传多样性,并对其进行鉴定评价,对武夷山茶区41份武夷名丛茶树种质资源的21项农艺性状进行遗传多样性、主成分和聚类分析。结果表明,41份武夷名丛21个农艺性状间存在比较丰富的遗传变异性,遗传多样性指数在0.32～2.17之间,其中,遗传多样性指数最高的是叶宽,最低的是树型;变异系数在9.93%～47.62%之间,变异系数最大的是叶齿深度,最小的是叶脉对数;基于农艺性状进行聚类分析,将41份武夷名丛聚为3个类群,3个类群间除了叶片着生状态、叶长、叶脉对数等10个性状差异不显著外,其他农艺性状均存在显著差异;通过主成分分析,将21个农艺性状综合为8个主成分,代表了21个农艺性状的71.97%的信息;根据主成分及其对应特征根值计算各武夷名丛的综合得分,排在前4位的武夷名丛为金锁匙、半天妖、水金龟和金罗汉,可在乌龙茶产品的开发与创新利用、茶树优良品种的选育等方面加以利用。
In order to study the genetic diversity of local tea plant germplasm resources in Wuyishan and conduct identification and evaluation on them,this paper analyzed the genetic diversity,principal components and carried out clustering analysis on 21 major agronomic traits of 41 Wuyi Mingcong tea plant germplasm resources from Wuyishan tea area. Results showed that there were abundant genetic variations among 21 agronomic traits of 41 Wuyi Mingcong,and the genetic diversity indexes ranged from 0.32 ～ 2.17. Among them the highest genetic diversity index was leaf width and the lowest was tree type. The variation coefficient ranged from 9. 93% ～ 47. 62%. The largest variation coefficient was the depth of leaf serratur and the smallest was the number of vein pair. The clustering analysis was conducted based on agronomic traits,and the 41 Wuyi Mingcong tea germplasms were divided into 3 groups. Among these 3 groups,there were significant differences in the other genetic traits,except 10 traits,including leaf attitude,leaf length,number of vein pair,etc.. Using principal component analysis,the paper synthesized 8 principal components from 21 agronomic traits,representing 71. 97% information from 21 agronomic traits. Calculated the composite score of each Wuyi Mingcong accorded to the first 8 principal component values and their proportion of corresponding characteristic root value,the top 4 Wuyi Mingcong varieties were Jinsuoshi,Bantianyao,Shuijingui and Jinluohan which could be put to use in exploitation and innovative utilization of Oolong tea products,and selective breeding of superior varieties of tea plants.
In order to study the genetic diversity of local tea plant germplasm resources in Wuyishan and conduct identification and evaluation on them,this paper analyzed the genetic diversity,principal components and carried out clustering analysis on 21 major agronomic traits of 41 Wuyi Mingcong tea plant germplasm resources from Wuyishan tea area. Results showed that there were abundant genetic variations among 21 agronomic traits of 41 Wuyi Mingcong,and the genetic diversity indexes ranged from 0.32 ～ 2.17. Among them the highest genetic diversity index was leaf width and the lowest was tree type. The variation coefficient ranged from 9. 93% ～ 47. 62%. The largest variation coefficient was the depth of leaf serratur and the smallest was the number of vein pair. The clustering analysis was conducted based on agronomic traits,and the 41 Wuyi Mingcong tea germplasms were divided into 3 groups. Among these 3 groups,there were significant differences in the other genetic traits,except 10 traits,including leaf attitude,leaf length,number of vein pair,etc.. Using principal component analysis,the paper synthesized 8 principal components from 21 agronomic traits,representing 71. 97% information from 21 agronomic traits. Calculated the composite score of each Wuyi Mingcong accorded to the first 8 principal component values and their proportion of corresponding characteristic root value,the top 4 Wuyi Mingcong varieties were Jinsuoshi,Bantianyao,Shuijingui and Jinluohan which could be put to use in exploitation and innovative utilization of Oolong tea products,and selective breeding of superior varieties of tea plants.
引文
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[17]石林.聚类分析在茶树品种分类中的应用[J].中国茶叶,1988(3):12.Shi L.Application of cluster analysis in classification of tea varieties[J].China Tea,1988(3):12.
[18]邱有梅,王飞权,罗盛财,等.不同季节武夷名丛茶树种质资源生化成分分析[J].西北农业学报,2012,21(10):117-122.Qiu Y M,Wang F Q,Luo S C,et al..Analysis of biochemical components of Wuyi Mingcong tea germplasm resources in different season[J].Acta Agric.Boreali-Occid.Sin.,2012,21(10):117-122.
[19]严学兵,周禾,王堃,等.披碱草属植物形态多样性及其主成分分析[J].草地学报,2005,13(2):111-116.Yan X B,Zhou H,Wang K,et al..Morphological diversities of the different species of Elymus spp.and their principal component analysis[J].Acta Agrestia Sin.,2005,13(2):111-116.
[20]李清华.34份菜用大豆品种主要农艺性状的主成分分析及遗传距离测定[J].福建农业学报,2018,33(2):136-143.Li Q H.Principal component analysis on major agronomic traits and determination of genetic distance of thirty-four vegetable soybean cultivars[J].Fujian J.Agric.Sci.,2018,33(2):136-143.
[21]季彪俊.田间试验的SPSS统计分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2014:201-214.Ji B J.SPSS Statistical Analysis of Field Trials[M].Beijing:China Agricultural Press,2014:201-214.
[22]刘祖生,周巨根.30年来我国茶树育种的研究进展[J].茶叶科学,1994,14(2):89-94.Liu Z S,Zhou J G.Progress in the field of tea breeding researehes in the past 30 years in China[J].J.Tea Sci.,1994,14(2):89-94.
[23]宛晓春,黄继轸,沈生荣.茶叶生物化学[M].第3版.北京:中国农业出版社,2003,248-249.Wan X C,Huang J Z,Shen S R.Tea Biochemistry[M].3rd Edn.Beijing:China Agricultural Press,2003,248-249.
[24]蒋会兵,宋维希,矣兵,等.云南茶树种质资源的表型遗传多样性[J].作物学报,2013,39(11):2000-2008.Jiang H B,Song W X,Ai B,et al..Genetic diversity of tea germplasm resources in Yunnan province based on phenotypic characteristics[J].Acta Agron.Sin.,2013,39(11):2000-2008.
[25]尚卫琼,杨勇,段志芬,等.云南省景洪市古茶树资源农艺性状多样性分析[J].山东农业科学,2015,47(11):23-26.Shang W Q,Yang Y,Duan Z F,et al..Diversity analysis on agronomic traits of ancient tea trees in Jinghong city of Yunnan province[J].Shandong Agric.Sci.,2015,47(11):23-26.
[26]田甜,韦锦坚,韦持章,等.35份茶树种质资源农艺性状及生化成分多样性分析[J].西北农业学报,2017,26(5):797-804.Tian T,Wei J J,Wei C Z,et al..Diversity analysis of agronomic traits and biochemical components for 35 tea germplasm[J].Acta Agric.Boreali-Occid.Sin.,2017,26(5):797-804.
[27]陈文怀.中国茶树品种演化和分类的商榷[J].园艺学报,1964,3(2):191-198.Chen W H.A discussion the evolution and classification of the Chinese tea varieties[J].Acta Hortic.Sin.,1964,3(2):191-198.
[28]钟金仙,罗英,曾仁杰,等.黄瓜种质资源果实性状的主成分分析与综合评价[J].中国农学通报,2017,33(16):46-52.Zhong J X,Luo Y,Zeng R J,et al..Principal component analysis and comprehensive evaluation of fruit traits of cucumber germplasm resources[J].Chin.Agric.Sci.Bull.,2017,33(16):46-52.
[29]唐启义,冯光明.实用统计分析及DPS其数据处理系统[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.Tang Q Y,Feng G M.Practical Statistical Analysis and DPSData Processing System[M].Beijing:Science Press,2002.
[2]叶元高,徐斌.浅谈武夷山市茶产业发展的现状和展望[J].中国茶叶,2009,31(6):37-38.Ye Y G,Xu B.The status quo and prospect of tea industry development in Wuyi mountain city[J].China Tea,2009,31(6):37-38.
[3]洪永聪,卢莉,辛伟,等.武夷岩茶“十大名丛”种质生物学特性的鉴定与评价[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(28):234-238.Hong Y C,Lu L,Xin W,et al..Appraisal and evaluation on biological characteristics of‘Ten Famous Cong'germplasms of Wuyi rock tea[J].Chin.Agric.Sci.Bull.,2012,28(28):234-238.
[4]张静,张鲁刚.芥蓝种质资源的多样性和聚类分析[J].西北农业学报,2008,17(4):285-289.Zhang J,Zhang L G.Diversity and cluster analysis of Chinese Kale germplasm resources[J].Acta Agric.Boreali-Occid.Sin.,2008,17(4):285-289.
[5]张小琴,周富裕,杨春,等.贵定鸟王种茶树资源农艺性状和品质性状多样性分析[J].分子植物育种,2015,13(2):415-423.Zhang X Q,Zhou F Y,Yang C,et al..Diversity of tea germplasm resource(Camellia sinensis‘Guidingniaowangzhong’)revealed based on agronomic and quality traits[J].Mol.Plant Breed.,2015,13(2):415-423.
[6]蒋会兵,田易萍,陈林波,等.云南茶树地方品种农艺性状与品质性状遗传多样性分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2013,14(4):634-640.Jiang H B,Tian Y P,Chen L B,et al..Diversity of tea landraces based on agronomic and quality traits in Yunnan province[J].J.Plant Genetic Resour.,2013,14(4):634-640.
[7]段志芬,刘本英,汪云刚,等.云南野生茶树资源农艺性状多样性分析[J].西北农业学报,2013,22(1):125-131.Duan Z F,Liu B Y,Wang Y G,et al..Diversity analysis of agronomic traits of wild tea plants in Yunnan[J].Acta Agric.Boreali-Occid.Sin.,2013,22(1):125-131.
[8]李瑞,肖斌,宋红霞,等.50份茶树种质资源农艺性状及其聚类分析[J].西北农业学报,2011,20(10):107-111.Li R,Xiao B,Song H X,et al..Agronomic traits and cluster analysis of 50 tea germplasm resources[J].Acta Agric.Boreali-Occid.Sin.,2011,20(10):107-111.
[9]叶江华,罗盛财,王海斌,等.武夷山名丛单丛茶树种质资源的遗传多样性与亲缘关系分析[J].福建茶叶,2017,39(5):11-13.Ye J H,Luo S C,Wang H B,et al..Genetic diversity and relationship analysis of tea plant germplasm resources of Mingcong and dancong in Wuyi mountain[J].Tea Fujian,2017,39(5):11-13.
[10]王飞权,冯花,罗盛财,等.42份武夷名丛茶树生化成分多样性分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2015,16(3):670-676.Wang F Q,Feng H,Luo S C,et al..Diversity analysis of biochemical components of 42 Wuyi Mingcong tea germplasms[J].J.Plant Genetic Resour.,2015,16(3):670-676.
[11]张见明.26份武夷名丛茶树种质资源秋茶生化成分多样性分析[J].武夷学院报,2016,35(9):1-7.Zhang J M.Diversity analysis of biochemical components in autumn shoots of 26 Wuyi Mingcong tea plant germplasm resources[J].J.Wuyi Univ.,2016,35(9):1-7.
[12]陈亮,虞富莲,杨亚军,等.茶树种质资源与遗传改良[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2006,63-97.Chen L,Yu F L,Yang Y J,et al..Tea Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement[M].Beijing:China's Agricultural Science and Technology Press,2006,63-97.
[13]江昌俊.茶树育种学[M].第2版.北京:中国农业出版社,2011,25-32,83.Jiang C J.Tea Tree Breeding[M].2nd Edn.Beijing:China Agricultural Press,2011,25-32,83.
[14]陈亮,虞富莲,杨亚军,等.NY/T1312-2007农作物种质资源鉴定技术规程茶树[S].北京:中国农业出版社,2007.Chen L,Yu F L,Yang Y J,et al..NY/T1312-2007 Technical Code for Evaluating Crop Germplasm Tea Plant(Camellia sinensis)[S].Beijing:China Agricultural Press,2007.
[15]余文权,陈常颂.福建茶树良种选育与应用[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2015,1-25.Yu W Q,Chen C S.Tea Tree Improved Variety Selection and Application in Fujian Province[M].Beijing:China's Agricultural Science and Technology Press,2015,1-25.
[16]王新超,陈亮,杨亚军.广西茶树资源生化成分多样性分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2010,11(3):309-314.Wang X C,Chen L,Yang Y J.Biochemical diversity analysis of tea germplasms in Guangxi[J].J.Plant Genetic Resour.,2010,11(3):309-314.
[17]石林.聚类分析在茶树品种分类中的应用[J].中国茶叶,1988(3):12.Shi L.Application of cluster analysis in classification of tea varieties[J].China Tea,1988(3):12.
[18]邱有梅,王飞权,罗盛财,等.不同季节武夷名丛茶树种质资源生化成分分析[J].西北农业学报,2012,21(10):117-122.Qiu Y M,Wang F Q,Luo S C,et al..Analysis of biochemical components of Wuyi Mingcong tea germplasm resources in different season[J].Acta Agric.Boreali-Occid.Sin.,2012,21(10):117-122.
[19]严学兵,周禾,王堃,等.披碱草属植物形态多样性及其主成分分析[J].草地学报,2005,13(2):111-116.Yan X B,Zhou H,Wang K,et al..Morphological diversities of the different species of Elymus spp.and their principal component analysis[J].Acta Agrestia Sin.,2005,13(2):111-116.
[20]李清华.34份菜用大豆品种主要农艺性状的主成分分析及遗传距离测定[J].福建农业学报,2018,33(2):136-143.Li Q H.Principal component analysis on major agronomic traits and determination of genetic distance of thirty-four vegetable soybean cultivars[J].Fujian J.Agric.Sci.,2018,33(2):136-143.
[21]季彪俊.田间试验的SPSS统计分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2014:201-214.Ji B J.SPSS Statistical Analysis of Field Trials[M].Beijing:China Agricultural Press,2014:201-214.
[22]刘祖生,周巨根.30年来我国茶树育种的研究进展[J].茶叶科学,1994,14(2):89-94.Liu Z S,Zhou J G.Progress in the field of tea breeding researehes in the past 30 years in China[J].J.Tea Sci.,1994,14(2):89-94.
[23]宛晓春,黄继轸,沈生荣.茶叶生物化学[M].第3版.北京:中国农业出版社,2003,248-249.Wan X C,Huang J Z,Shen S R.Tea Biochemistry[M].3rd Edn.Beijing:China Agricultural Press,2003,248-249.
[24]蒋会兵,宋维希,矣兵,等.云南茶树种质资源的表型遗传多样性[J].作物学报,2013,39(11):2000-2008.Jiang H B,Song W X,Ai B,et al..Genetic diversity of tea germplasm resources in Yunnan province based on phenotypic characteristics[J].Acta Agron.Sin.,2013,39(11):2000-2008.
[25]尚卫琼,杨勇,段志芬,等.云南省景洪市古茶树资源农艺性状多样性分析[J].山东农业科学,2015,47(11):23-26.Shang W Q,Yang Y,Duan Z F,et al..Diversity analysis on agronomic traits of ancient tea trees in Jinghong city of Yunnan province[J].Shandong Agric.Sci.,2015,47(11):23-26.
[26]田甜,韦锦坚,韦持章,等.35份茶树种质资源农艺性状及生化成分多样性分析[J].西北农业学报,2017,26(5):797-804.Tian T,Wei J J,Wei C Z,et al..Diversity analysis of agronomic traits and biochemical components for 35 tea germplasm[J].Acta Agric.Boreali-Occid.Sin.,2017,26(5):797-804.
[27]陈文怀.中国茶树品种演化和分类的商榷[J].园艺学报,1964,3(2):191-198.Chen W H.A discussion the evolution and classification of the Chinese tea varieties[J].Acta Hortic.Sin.,1964,3(2):191-198.
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