考虑碰撞和支座影响的桥梁近场竖向地震响应分析
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摘要
为了精确计算带支座桥梁的近场竖向地震响应,研究了桥梁支座和竖向碰撞现象对桥梁地震响应的影响。建立了针对双跨连续梁桥的梁-弹簧-杆连续体模型,运用瞬态波特征函数展开法和组合体瞬态内力法求解了桥梁结构中地震响应和碰撞响应耦合的理论解。计算结果表明,该文方法能计算多次碰撞后桥梁结构复杂的内力响应。在近场竖向地震和多次碰撞作用下,桥梁跨中正弯矩、支座处负弯矩和桥墩底部应力高频高幅值振荡可能超过其承载能力。竖向地震提前于水平地震激励的时间越长,由单独的竖向地震引起桥梁破坏的可能性就越大。
To precisely calculate the near-fault vertical earthquake response of bridge with bearings,the effect of the bridge bearing and the vertical pounding on the bridge seismic response is researched. A continuous model of beam-spring-rod is applied to analysis earthquake responses of a two-span continuous beam bridge. The theoretical solutions of coupling responses of earthquake and pounding are obtained by the expansion of transient wave functions in series of eigenfunctions and the transient internal force of the contact surface of the combined impact body. The numerical results show that the present model and method can simulate reasonably the pounding phenomenon and calculate the complex responses of bridge with poundings. The positive moment of the bridge mid-span section,the negative moment of bridge above bearing section and the axial force of pier are signifi-cantly enhanced by near-fault vertical earthquakes,which even exceed ultimate carrying capacity of the bridge and lead to its damage. The longer the time of vertical earthquake ahead of horizontal earthquake is,the greater the probability leading to bridge damage only under the vertical earthquake is.
To precisely calculate the near-fault vertical earthquake response of bridge with bearings,the effect of the bridge bearing and the vertical pounding on the bridge seismic response is researched. A continuous model of beam-spring-rod is applied to analysis earthquake responses of a two-span continuous beam bridge. The theoretical solutions of coupling responses of earthquake and pounding are obtained by the expansion of transient wave functions in series of eigenfunctions and the transient internal force of the contact surface of the combined impact body. The numerical results show that the present model and method can simulate reasonably the pounding phenomenon and calculate the complex responses of bridge with poundings. The positive moment of the bridge mid-span section,the negative moment of bridge above bearing section and the axial force of pier are signifi-cantly enhanced by near-fault vertical earthquakes,which even exceed ultimate carrying capacity of the bridge and lead to its damage. The longer the time of vertical earthquake ahead of horizontal earthquake is,the greater the probability leading to bridge damage only under the vertical earthquake is.
引文
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[11]Tanimura S,Sato T,Umeda T,et al.A note on dynamic fracture of the bridge bearing due to the great HanshinAwaji earthquake[J].International Journal of Impact Engineering,2002,27(2):153-160.
[12]徐然,尹晓春.桥梁多次重撞击动力学响应的瞬态波效应法[J].南京理工大学学报,2010,34(3):309-313.Xu Ran,Yin Xiaochun.Transient wave effect approach for multiple-pounding dynamic responses of bridges[J].Journal of Nanjing University of Science and Technology,2010,34(3):309-313.
[13]叶爱君,胡世德,范立础.桥梁支座抗震性能的模拟分析[J].同济大学学报,2001,29(1):6-9.Ye Aijun,Hu Shide,Fan Lichu.Simulation of seismic behavior for bridge bearings[J].Journal of Tongji University,2001,29(1):6-9.
[14]Collier C,Elnashai A S.A procedure for combining vertical and horizontal seismic action effects[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering,2001,5(4):521-539.
[15]Yin X C,Qin Y,Zou H.Transient responses of repeated impact of a beam against a stop[J].International Journal of Solids and Structures,2007,44:7323-7339.
[16]刘文光.橡胶隔震支座力学性能及隔震结构地震反应分析研究[D].北京:北京工业大学建筑工程学院,2003.
[2]Yang J,Lee C M.Characteristics of vertical and horizontal ground motions recorded during the Niigata-ken Chuetsu,Japan earthquake of 23 October 2004[J].Engineering Geology,2007,94:50-64.
[3]Button M R,Cronin C J,Mayes R L.Effect of vertical motions on seismic response of high way bridges[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,2002,128(12):1551-1564.
[4]Bozorgnia Y M,Campbell K W.The vertical to horizontal response spectral ratio and tentative procedures for developing simplified V/H and vertical design spectra[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering,2004,8(2):175-207.
[5]Wang Dong,Xie Lili.Attenuation of peak ground accelerations from the great Wenchuan earthquake[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2009,8(2):179-188.
[6]Han Qiang,Du Xiuli,Liu Jingbo,et al.Seismic damage of highway bridges during the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2009,8(2):263-273.
[7]Kunnath S K,Erduran E,Chai Y H,et al.Effect of near-fault vertical ground motions on seismic response of highway overcrossings[J].Bridge Engineering,2008,13(3):282-290.
[8]Kim S J,Holub C J,Elnashai A S.Analytical assessment of the effect of vertical earthquake motion on RC bridge piers[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,2011,137(2):252-260.
[9]韩文峰,宋畅,梁庆国.极震区的地震动与潜在震源区内重大工程安全[J].工程地质学报,2004,12(4):346-353.Han Wenfeng,Song Chang,Liang Qingguo.Strong ground motion at meizoseismal area and safety of important engineering projects at potential earthquake region[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2004,12(4):346-353.
[10]聂利英,李建中,范立础.滑动支座竖向动反力对桥梁结构动力性能的影响[J].同济大学学报,2002,30(11):1290-1294.Nie Liying,Li Jianzhong,Fan Lichu.Effects of dynamic vertical resistance force of sliding bearing of bridges[J].Journal of Tongji University,2002,30(11):1290-1294.
[11]Tanimura S,Sato T,Umeda T,et al.A note on dynamic fracture of the bridge bearing due to the great HanshinAwaji earthquake[J].International Journal of Impact Engineering,2002,27(2):153-160.
[12]徐然,尹晓春.桥梁多次重撞击动力学响应的瞬态波效应法[J].南京理工大学学报,2010,34(3):309-313.Xu Ran,Yin Xiaochun.Transient wave effect approach for multiple-pounding dynamic responses of bridges[J].Journal of Nanjing University of Science and Technology,2010,34(3):309-313.
[13]叶爱君,胡世德,范立础.桥梁支座抗震性能的模拟分析[J].同济大学学报,2001,29(1):6-9.Ye Aijun,Hu Shide,Fan Lichu.Simulation of seismic behavior for bridge bearings[J].Journal of Tongji University,2001,29(1):6-9.
[14]Collier C,Elnashai A S.A procedure for combining vertical and horizontal seismic action effects[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering,2001,5(4):521-539.
[15]Yin X C,Qin Y,Zou H.Transient responses of repeated impact of a beam against a stop[J].International Journal of Solids and Structures,2007,44:7323-7339.
[16]刘文光.橡胶隔震支座力学性能及隔震结构地震反应分析研究[D].北京:北京工业大学建筑工程学院,2003.