基于单模光纤拉锥构成的光纤折射率传感器
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摘要
利用普通单模光纤进行拉锥形成一种锥形光纤结构,构成马赫-曾德尔干涉仪(MZI)。干涉仪对周围介质折射率变化具有一定的响应度,可以构成一款结构简单的新型光纤折射率传感器。该传感器设计简单,制备容易,制备的传感器左右锥形部位长约为7 mm,中间最细部分直径约为60μm。利用传感器透射谱的谐振峰值波长对环境折射率变化比较敏感的特性,通过测量谐振峰值波长(波谷)的漂移量来测量环境折射率,折射率灵敏度达到260. 5 nm/RIU。该光纤传感器具有易于制作、结构紧凑、成本低等优点,在环境折射率测量中具有一定的应用前景。
In this paper,a new sensor structure using ordinary single-mode optical fibers tapering was designed.A Mach-Zehnder interferometer( MZI) was constructed by using the tapered fiber. It has high sensitivity and reliability for the change of refractive index of the surrounding medium. An optical fiber sensor for measuring refractive index was fabricated by using the interferometer. Left and right conical part was about 7 mm of the tapered fiber,and the smallest diameter in the center of the tapered fiber was about 60 μm. The interferometer measured refractive index by detecting the change of resonant peak wavelength of transmission spectra of the sensor in different refractive index. The sensitivity of the sensor was 260.5 nm/RIU. The designed sensor had many advantages,such as compact structure,easy fabrication and low cost. It had broad application prospects in environmental refractive index sensing.
In this paper,a new sensor structure using ordinary single-mode optical fibers tapering was designed.A Mach-Zehnder interferometer( MZI) was constructed by using the tapered fiber. It has high sensitivity and reliability for the change of refractive index of the surrounding medium. An optical fiber sensor for measuring refractive index was fabricated by using the interferometer. Left and right conical part was about 7 mm of the tapered fiber,and the smallest diameter in the center of the tapered fiber was about 60 μm. The interferometer measured refractive index by detecting the change of resonant peak wavelength of transmission spectra of the sensor in different refractive index. The sensitivity of the sensor was 260.5 nm/RIU. The designed sensor had many advantages,such as compact structure,easy fabrication and low cost. It had broad application prospects in environmental refractive index sensing.
引文
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[13] WANG Y,YANG M,WANG D N,et al. Fiber in-line Mach-Zehnder interferometer fabricated by femtosecond laser micromachining for refractive index measurement with high sensitivity[J].JOSA B,2010,27(3):370-374.
[14] ZHANG L,WANG D N,LIU J,et al.Simultaneous refractive index and temperature sensing with precise sensing location[J]. IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett.,2016,28(8):891-894.
[15] LIU J,WANG D N,ZHANG L.Slightly tapered optical fiber with dual inner air-cavities for simultaneous refractive index and temperature measurement[J]. Journal of Lightwave Technology,2016,34(21):4872-4876.
[16] LU P,MEN L,SOOLEY K,et al.Tapered fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer for simultaneous measurement of refractive index and temperature[J].Applied Physics Letters,2009,94(3):131110.
[17] XU L,LI Y,LI B.Nonadiabatic fiber taper-based MachZehnder interferometer for refractive index sensing[J]. Applied Physics Letters,2012,101(15):153510.
[18] HU Y,JIANG C,ZHOU M,et al. High-sensitivity fiber temperature and refractive index sensing with nonadiabatic fiber taper[J]. Journal of Optical Technology,2018,85(4):233-237.
[2]梁瑞冰,孙琪真,沃江海,等.微纳尺度光纤布拉格光栅折射率传感的理论研究[J].物理学报. 2011,60(10):104221.
[3] JIANG X,SONG Q,XU L,et al.Microfiber knot dye laser based on the evanescent-wave-coupled gain[J]. Applied physics letters,2007,90(23):233501.
[4]张珊,黄战华,李桂芳,等.温度不敏感的少模光纤应变传感[J].中国激光,2017,44(2):0210002
[5] PAWAR D,KALE S N.Birefringence manipulation in tapered polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer for refractive index sensing[J].Sensors and Actuators A:Physical,2016,252:180-184.
[6] KERSEY A D,DAVIS M A,PATRICK H J,et al.Fiber grating sensors[J]. Journal of lightwave technology,1997,15(8):1442-1463.
[7] MAASKANT R,ALAVIE T,MEASURES R M,et al.Fiber-optic Bragg grating sensors for bridge monitoring[J]. Cement and Concrete Composites,1997,19(1):21-33.
[8] LI L,XIA L,XIE Z,et al.All-fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometers for sensing applications[J]. Optics express,2012,20(10):11109-11120.
[9]胡义慧,董航宇,江超,等.硬塑料包层光纤构成的多功能光纤传感器[J].激光与光电子进展,2018,55,070605G1-6.
[10]董航宇,孙四梅,江超,等.多芯光纤构成的光纤折射率传感器[J].激光杂志,2018,39(10):14-17.
[11]胡义慧,孙四梅,毛敏,等.基于多芯光纤错位熔接结构的温度与折射率同时测量传感器[J].光电子·激光,2018,29(03):243-248.
[12] KIM Daewoong,SHEN Fabin,CHEN Xiaopei,et al.Simultaneous measurement of refractive index and temperature based on a reflection-mode long-period grating and an intrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometer sensor[J]. Optics Letters,2005,30(22):3000-3002.
[13] WANG Y,YANG M,WANG D N,et al. Fiber in-line Mach-Zehnder interferometer fabricated by femtosecond laser micromachining for refractive index measurement with high sensitivity[J].JOSA B,2010,27(3):370-374.
[14] ZHANG L,WANG D N,LIU J,et al.Simultaneous refractive index and temperature sensing with precise sensing location[J]. IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett.,2016,28(8):891-894.
[15] LIU J,WANG D N,ZHANG L.Slightly tapered optical fiber with dual inner air-cavities for simultaneous refractive index and temperature measurement[J]. Journal of Lightwave Technology,2016,34(21):4872-4876.
[16] LU P,MEN L,SOOLEY K,et al.Tapered fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer for simultaneous measurement of refractive index and temperature[J].Applied Physics Letters,2009,94(3):131110.
[17] XU L,LI Y,LI B.Nonadiabatic fiber taper-based MachZehnder interferometer for refractive index sensing[J]. Applied Physics Letters,2012,101(15):153510.
[18] HU Y,JIANG C,ZHOU M,et al. High-sensitivity fiber temperature and refractive index sensing with nonadiabatic fiber taper[J]. Journal of Optical Technology,2018,85(4):233-237.
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