高山杜鹃对煤矿区土壤重金属富集评价
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摘要
以露珠杜鹃和马缨杜鹃为研究对象,探究其对土壤中重金属的吸收、富集能力。结果表明,杜鹃林下土壤中Pb含量均高于地区土壤背景值,Cd含量超过土壤环境质量Ⅱ级标准。2种高山杜鹃叶片中不同类型金属含量存在差异,露珠杜鹃叶片各金属含量大小依次为Mn>Cu>Zn>Ni>Pb>Cd>Co>Cr,而马缨杜鹃叶片叶片不同金属含量依次为Mn>Cd>Ni>Cu>Co>Cr>Zn>Pb。露珠杜鹃叶片对Mn、Zn的吸收量与土壤Mn、Zn含量呈线性相关;马缨杜鹃叶片对Ni、Zn的吸收量分别与土壤Ni、Zn含量呈线性相关。露珠杜鹃和马缨杜鹃对重金属Mn的富集能力最强,富集系数在1.268~3.046之间,具备富集植物基本特征,可作为锰矿废弃地理想的生态恢复备选植物,且露珠杜鹃和马缨杜鹃分别对Cu、Zn和Cd、Ni的富集能力较强,可以作为Cu-Pb-Zn-Ni复合污染土壤修复的备选植物。露珠杜鹃和马缨杜鹃并非是超富集植物,但2者均在Cd污染的林下土壤中长势良好并形成优势植物,高山杜鹃可作为修复Cd污染土壤的潜力树种。
引文
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[19]田向荣,吴昊,李菁,等.Cd、Pb复合胁迫下湿地匍灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum)重金属累积效应及抗氧化系统响应[J].农业环境科学学报,2015,34(5):844-851.
[20]尚廉斌,王得祥,樊璐,等.秦岭太白山北坡五种林分凋落叶分解状况初步研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2005,33(1):64-68.
[21]邓长春,蒋先敏,刘洋,等.高山林线交错带高山杜鹃的凋落物分解[J].生态学报,2015,35(6):1769-1778.
[22]王义,黄先飞,胡继伟,等.重金属污染与修复研究进展[J].河南农业科学,2012,41(4):1-6.
[23]Baker A M,Brooks R R.Terrestrial higher plants which hyperaccumulate metallic elements-a review of their distribution,ecology and phytoehemistry[J].Biore Covery,1989,26(1):377-385.
[24]Schwartz C,Echevarria G,Morel J L.Phytoextraction of Cadmium with Thlaspi caerulescens[J].Plant and Soil,2003,249(1):27-35.
[25]简敏菲,杨叶萍,余厚平,等.德兴铜矿区优势物种苎麻(Boehmeria nivea)对重金属的富集与积累特性[J].生态与农村环境学报,2016,32(3):486-491.
[26]Orlowska E,Godzik B,Turnau K.Effect of different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal isolates on growth and arsenic accumulation in Plantago lanceolata L.[J].Environmental Pollution,2012,168(5):121-130.
[27]Saba G,Parizanganeh A H,Zamani A,et al.Phytoreme diation of heavy metals contaminated environments:screening for native accumulator plants in zanjan-Iran[J].International Journal of Environmental Research,2015,9(1):309-316.
[28]Yang Y,Liang Y,Ghosh A,et al.Assessment of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi status and heavy metal accumulation characteristics of tree species in a lead-zinc mine area:potential applications for phytoremediation[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2015,22(17):13179-13193.
[29]Baker A M,Reeves R D,Hajar A M.Heavy metal accumulation and tolerance in British populations of the metallophyte Thlaspi caerules-cens[J].New Phytologist,1994,127(1):61-68.
[30]Vallino M,Drogo V,Abba’S,et al.Gene expression of the ericoid mycorrhizal fungus Oidiodendron maius in the presence of high zinc concentrations[J].Mycorrhiza,2005,15(5):333-344.
[31]Cairney J G,Meharg A A.Ericoid mycorrhiza:partnership that exploits harsh edaphic conditions[J].European Journal of Soil Science,2003,54(4):735-740.
[2]李朝婵,乙引,全文选,等.野生高山杜鹃群落林内自然挥发的化感成分[J].林业科学,2015,51(12):35-44.
[3]僮祥英,吉玉碧.百里杜鹃矿区附近土壤重金属污染评价及建议[J].贵州农业科学,2011,39(4):114-116,120.
[4]Zu Y Q,Li Y,Chen J J,et al.Hyperaccumulation of Pb,Zn and Cd in herbaceous grown on lead-zinc mining area in Yunnan,China[J].Environment International,2005,31(5):755-762.
[5]Zhang D,Chen X,Geng F,et al.One hundred miles of natural Rhododendron communities[Z].2007.
[6]宋春然,何锦林,谭红,等.贵州省农业土壤重金属污染的初步评价[J].贵州农业科学,2005,33(2):13-16.
[7]国家环境保护总局.土壤环境质量标准:GB 15618—1995[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2004.
[8]丁桑岚.环境评价概论[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2001:136-137.
[9]徐争启,倪师军,庹先国,等.潜在生态危害指数法评价中重金属毒性系数计算[J].环境科学与技术,2008,31(2):112-115.
[10]宁晓波,项文化,方晰,等.贵阳花溪区石灰土林地土壤重金属含量特征及其污染评价[J].生态学报,2009,29(4):2169-2177.
[11]陈静生,周家义.中国水环境重金属研究[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1992:168-170.
[12]孙清斌,尹春芹,邓金锋,等.矿区农田土壤-小麦体系中重金属污染特征研究[J].河南农业科学,2013,42(4):80-84.
[13]Mattina M I,Lannucci-Berger W,Musante C,et al.Concurrent plant uptake of heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants from soil[J].Environmental Pollution,2003,124(3):375-378.
[14]贵州省环境保护厅.贵州省重金属污染防治“十二五”规划[Z].2011.
[15]Wenzel W,Jockwer F.Accumulation of heavy metals in plants grown on mineralized soils of the Austrian Alps[J].Environmental Pollution,1999,104(1):145-155.
[16]Fojtova M,Kovarik A.Genotoxic effect of cadmium is associated with apoptotic changes in tobacco cells[J].Plant,Cell&Environment,2000,23(5):531-537.
[17]田易,邓泓.上海市工业区绿地植物对重金属吸收及富集的研究[J].长江流域资源与环境,2013,22(增刊1):46-51.
[18]Janta R,Chantara S,Inta A.Levels of road traffic heavy metals in tree bark layers of Cassia fistula tree[J].International Journal of Environmental Science and Development,2016,7(5):385-388.
[19]田向荣,吴昊,李菁,等.Cd、Pb复合胁迫下湿地匍灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum)重金属累积效应及抗氧化系统响应[J].农业环境科学学报,2015,34(5):844-851.
[20]尚廉斌,王得祥,樊璐,等.秦岭太白山北坡五种林分凋落叶分解状况初步研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2005,33(1):64-68.
[21]邓长春,蒋先敏,刘洋,等.高山林线交错带高山杜鹃的凋落物分解[J].生态学报,2015,35(6):1769-1778.
[22]王义,黄先飞,胡继伟,等.重金属污染与修复研究进展[J].河南农业科学,2012,41(4):1-6.
[23]Baker A M,Brooks R R.Terrestrial higher plants which hyperaccumulate metallic elements-a review of their distribution,ecology and phytoehemistry[J].Biore Covery,1989,26(1):377-385.
[24]Schwartz C,Echevarria G,Morel J L.Phytoextraction of Cadmium with Thlaspi caerulescens[J].Plant and Soil,2003,249(1):27-35.
[25]简敏菲,杨叶萍,余厚平,等.德兴铜矿区优势物种苎麻(Boehmeria nivea)对重金属的富集与积累特性[J].生态与农村环境学报,2016,32(3):486-491.
[26]Orlowska E,Godzik B,Turnau K.Effect of different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal isolates on growth and arsenic accumulation in Plantago lanceolata L.[J].Environmental Pollution,2012,168(5):121-130.
[27]Saba G,Parizanganeh A H,Zamani A,et al.Phytoreme diation of heavy metals contaminated environments:screening for native accumulator plants in zanjan-Iran[J].International Journal of Environmental Research,2015,9(1):309-316.
[28]Yang Y,Liang Y,Ghosh A,et al.Assessment of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi status and heavy metal accumulation characteristics of tree species in a lead-zinc mine area:potential applications for phytoremediation[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2015,22(17):13179-13193.
[29]Baker A M,Reeves R D,Hajar A M.Heavy metal accumulation and tolerance in British populations of the metallophyte Thlaspi caerules-cens[J].New Phytologist,1994,127(1):61-68.
[30]Vallino M,Drogo V,Abba’S,et al.Gene expression of the ericoid mycorrhizal fungus Oidiodendron maius in the presence of high zinc concentrations[J].Mycorrhiza,2005,15(5):333-344.
[31]Cairney J G,Meharg A A.Ericoid mycorrhiza:partnership that exploits harsh edaphic conditions[J].European Journal of Soil Science,2003,54(4):735-740.