喀斯特洞穴甲烷研究进展
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摘要
甲烷是最主要的温室气体之一。此前对全球甲烷进行了大量的观测和模拟研究,但在源汇关系和通量的认识上仍存在较大的不确定性。近期研究发现,广泛分布的喀斯特地下空间(洞穴和裂隙等)是大气甲烷重要的汇;其作用机制主要有微生物氧化作用和物理化学作用,但对二者的影响大小认识不足;喀斯特洞穴甲烷碳库大小及其对喀斯特生态系统的影响认识尚不清楚。下一步工作应该加强洞穴甲烷的系统研究,分析甲烷的碳汇机制以及估算碳库大小;同时,加强喀斯特生态系统大气、土壤和洞穴甲烷通量的研究,以揭示喀斯特地下空间对生态系统碳循环的影响。
Methane is one of the most potential greenhouse gases. A large number of monitoring and simulating studies have been carried on global methane and uncertainties still exist in source-sink relationship and fluxes among different reservoirs. Recent studies indicate that subterranean environments( include caves,fractures,et al.) distributed widely in karst zone are important sinks of atmospheric methane. The mechanisms of methane sink are thought to be microbial oxidation and physiochemical oxidation,but little is known about their effectiveness. Also,the sizes of cave air methane pool and its impacts on karst ecosystems are unclear. Therefore,it is necessary to catch up with scientific studies on consumption mechanisms and methane reservoirs of karst caves. Meanwhile,studies on methane fluxes of atmosphere,soil and cave in karst ecosystems are fundamental in revealing the influences of karst subterranean atmosphere on regional methane cycle.
Methane is one of the most potential greenhouse gases. A large number of monitoring and simulating studies have been carried on global methane and uncertainties still exist in source-sink relationship and fluxes among different reservoirs. Recent studies indicate that subterranean environments( include caves,fractures,et al.) distributed widely in karst zone are important sinks of atmospheric methane. The mechanisms of methane sink are thought to be microbial oxidation and physiochemical oxidation,but little is known about their effectiveness. Also,the sizes of cave air methane pool and its impacts on karst ecosystems are unclear. Therefore,it is necessary to catch up with scientific studies on consumption mechanisms and methane reservoirs of karst caves. Meanwhile,studies on methane fluxes of atmosphere,soil and cave in karst ecosystems are fundamental in revealing the influences of karst subterranean atmosphere on regional methane cycle.
引文
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[6] Ruddiman W F,Guo Z,Zhou X,et al. Early rice farming and anomalous methane trends[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews,2008,27(13-14):1291-1295.
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[8] Ghosh A,Patra P K,Ishijima K,et al. Variations in global methane sources and sinks during 1910-2010[J]. Atmospheric Chemistry&Physics,2015,15(5):2595-2612.
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[10]王文兴,谢英,林子瑜,等.甲烷光氧化反应速率常数及其在大气中的寿命[J].中国环境科学,1995(4):258-261.
[11] Whalen S C and Reeburgh W S. Consumption of atmospheric methane by tundra soils[J]. Nature,1990,346(6280):160-162.
[12] King S L,Quay P D,Lansdown J M. The13C/12C kinetic isotope effect for soil oxidation of methane at ambient atmospheric concentrations[J].Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres,1989,94(15):18273-18277.
[13] Roslev P,Iversen N,Henriksen K. Oxidation and assimilation of atmospheric methane by soil methane oxidizers[J]. Applied&Environmental Microbiology,1997,63(3):874-880.
[14]翟俊,马宏璞,陈忠礼,等.湿地甲烷厌氧氧化的重要性和机制综述[J].中国环境科学,2017,37(9):3506-3514.
[15] Dlugokencky E J,Nisbet E G,Fisher R,et al. Global atmospheric methane:Budget,changes and dangers[M]. Philosophical Transactions. Series A:Mathematical,Physica and Engineering Sciences,2011(1943):2058-2072.
[16] Naik V,Voulgarakis A,Fiore A M,et al. Preindustrial to present day changes in tropospheric hydroxyl radical and methane lifetime from the Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate Model Intercomparison Project(ACCMIP)[J]. Atmospheric Chemistry&Physics,2013,13(10):5277-5298.
[17] Khalil M A K and Rasmussen R A. Sources,sinks,and seasonal cycles of atmospheric methane[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres,1983. 88(9):5131-5144.
[18] M9ller L. Independent variations of CH4emissions and isotopic composition over the past 160,000 years[J]. Nature Geoscience,2013,6(10):885-890.
[19] Kirschke S,Bousquet P,Ciais P,et al. Three decades of global methane sources and sinks[J]. Nature Geoscience,2013,6(10):813-823.
[20] Mattey D P,Fisher R,Atkinson T C,et al. Methane in underground air in Gibraltar karst[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2013,374:71-80.
[21]鲁易,张稳,李婷婷,等.大气甲烷浓度变化的源汇因素模拟研究进展[J].地球科学进展,2015(7):763-772.
[22]袁道先.现代岩溶学和全球变化研究[J].地学前缘,1997(1):17-25.
[23]曹建华,蒋忠诚,袁道先,等.岩溶动力系统与全球变化研究进展[J].中国地质,2017(5):874-900.
[24] Liu Z and Zhao J. Contribution of carbonate rock weathering to the atmospheric CO2sink[J]. Environmental Geology,2000,39(9):1053-1058.
[25]刘再华.岩石风化碳汇研究的最新进展和展望[J].科学通报,2012,57(2-3):95-102.
[26]王世杰,刘再华,倪健,等.中国南方喀斯特地区碳循环研究进展[J].地球与环境,2017,45(1):2-9.
[27] Liu Z and Dreybrodt W. Significance of the carbon sink produced by H2O–carbonate–CO2–aquatic phototroph interaction on land[J]. Science Bulletin,2015,60(2):182-191.
[28] Zhang C,Wang J,Junbing P U,et al. Bicarbonate daily variations in a karst river:The carbon sink effect of subaquatic vegetation photosynthesis[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition),2012,86(4):973-979.
[29] Were A,Serrano-Ortiz P,Jong C M,et al. Ventilation of subterranean CO2and Eddy covariance incongruities over carbonate ecosystems[J]. Biogeosciences,2010,7(3):859-867.
[30] Cuezva S,Fernandez-Cortes A,Benavente D,et al. Short-term CO2(g)exchange between a shallow karstic cavity and the external atmosphere during summer:Role of the surface soil layer[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2011,45(7):1418-1427.
[31] Kowalski A S,Serrano-Ortiz P,Janssens I A,et al. Can flux tower research neglect geochemical CO2exchange?[J]. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,2008,148(6-7):1045-1054.
[32] Faimon J,Troppova D,Baldik V,et al. Air circulation and its impact on microclimatic variables in the Cisarska Cave(Moravian Karst,Czech Republic)[J]. International Journal of Climatology,2012,32(4):599-623.
[33] Milanolo S and Gabrovsek F. Analysis of carbon dioxide variations in the atmosphere of Srednja Bijambarska Cave,Bosnia and Herzegovina[J].Boundary-Layer Meteorology,2009,131(3):479-493.
[34] Linan C,Vadillo I,Carrasco F. Carbon dioxide concentration in air within the Nerja Cave(Malaga,Andalusia,Spain)[J]. International Journal of Speleology,2008,37(2):99-106.
[35] Chen B,Yang R,Liu Z H,et al. Coupled control of land uses and aquatic biological processes on the diurnal hydrochemical variations in the five ponds at the Shawan Karst Test Site,China:Implications for the carbonate weathering-related carbon sink[J]. Chemical Geology,2017,456:58-71.
[36] Zeng Q R,Liu Z H,Chen B,et al. Carbonate weathering-related carbon sink fluxes under different land uses:A case study from the Shawan Simulation Test Site,Puding,Southwest China[J]. Chemical Geology,2017,474:58-71.
[37]罗维均,王世杰,刘秀明,等.喀斯特洞穴系统碳循环的烟囱效应研究现状及展望[J].地球科学进展,2014,29(12):1333-1340.
[38] Sanchez-Ca1ete E P,Serrano-Ortiz P,Kowalski A S,et al. Subterranean CO2ventilation and its role in the net ecosystem carbon balance of a karstic shrubland[J]. Geophysical Research Letter,2011,38(9):L09802.
[39] Baldini J U L,Mcdermott F,Hoffmann D L,et al. Very high-frequency and seasonal cave atmosphere PCO2variability:Implications for stalagmite growth and oxygen isotope-based paleoclimate records[J]. Earth&Planetary Science Letters,2008,272(1-2):118-129.
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