基于能量转移的城轨交通电池储能系统能量管理和容量配置优化
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摘要
电池储能系统用于城轨交通中可有效回收列车剩余再生制动能量,抑制直流网电压波动。基于城轨交通负载特性和电池高能量密度特性,提出基于能量转移的放电阈值动态调整策略,利用电池将城轨运行低峰期和平峰期回收的制动能量部分转移到高峰期,在节能的同时可有效减少牵引变电所的峰值功率,降低牵引变电所的建设容量以及成本。结合所提控制策略以及仿真模型,利用智能算法,以经济效率和峰值功率减小率作为目标函数对能量管理策略控制参数和容量配置结果进行优化,提高储能装置性能,同时对不同权重系数的优化结果进行分析,为不同目标需求下权重系数设置提供理论依据。
The battery energy storage system used in urban rail transit can effectively recover the residual regenerative braking energy of trains and suppress the voltage fluctuation of DC network.Based on the characteristics of urban rail transit load and the high energy density of the battery, a strategy of dynamic adjustment of discharge threshold based on energy transfer is proposed in this paper. The braking energy recovered in the low peak period and flat peak period of urban rail operation is transferred to the peak period by using batteries. So that the peak power of traction substation can be effectively reduced, the construction capacity and cost of traction substation can be reduced at the same time. In order to improve the performance of energy storage device. Combined with the proposed control strategy and simulation model. Economic efficiency and peak power reduction rate are taken as objective functions to optimize energy management strategy control parameters and capacity configuration results using an intelligent algorithm. Meanwhile, the optimization results of different weight coefficients are analyzed to provide theoretical basis for setting weight coefficients under different objective requirements.
The battery energy storage system used in urban rail transit can effectively recover the residual regenerative braking energy of trains and suppress the voltage fluctuation of DC network.Based on the characteristics of urban rail transit load and the high energy density of the battery, a strategy of dynamic adjustment of discharge threshold based on energy transfer is proposed in this paper. The braking energy recovered in the low peak period and flat peak period of urban rail operation is transferred to the peak period by using batteries. So that the peak power of traction substation can be effectively reduced, the construction capacity and cost of traction substation can be reduced at the same time. In order to improve the performance of energy storage device. Combined with the proposed control strategy and simulation model. Economic efficiency and peak power reduction rate are taken as objective functions to optimize energy management strategy control parameters and capacity configuration results using an intelligent algorithm. Meanwhile, the optimization results of different weight coefficients are analyzed to provide theoretical basis for setting weight coefficients under different objective requirements.
引文
[1]Hayashiya H,Suzuki T,Kawahara K,et al.Comparative study of investment and efficiency to reduce energy consumption in traction power supply:a present situation of regenerative energy utilization by energy storage system[C]//IEEE Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference and Exposition Antalya,Turkey,2014:685-690.
[2]诸斐琴,杨中平,林飞,等.基于加速时间预测的现代有轨电车储能系统能量管理与容量配置优化研究[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(23):158-166.Zhu Feiqin,Yang Zhongping,Lin Fei,et al.Research on energy management and capacity allocation optimization of modern tram energy storage system based on acceleration time prediction[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(23):158-166.
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[4]胡斯登,梁梓鹏,范栋琦,等.基于Z源变换器的电动汽车超级电容-电池混合储能系统[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(8):247-255.Husten,Liang Shupeng,Fan Dongqi,et al.Electric vehicle super capacitor-battery hybrid energy storage system based on Z source converter[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(8):247-255.
[5]Takashi Yamanoi,Shigeki Umeda,Yoshiaki Nakamura et al.Field test of hybrid power supply system for DCelectric railways[J].West Japan Railway Company,Osaka,Japan,2010.
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[10]Barrero R,Tackoen X,Mierlo J V.Improving energy efficiency in public transport:stationary supercapacitor based energy storage systems for a metro network[C]//2008 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference,Harbin,2008:1-8.
[11]夏欢,杨中平,杨志鸿,等.基于列车运行状态的城轨超级电容储能装置控制策略[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(21):16-23.Xia Huan,Yang Zhongping,Yang Zhihong,et al.Control strategy of urban rail supercapacitor energy storage device based on train running state[J]Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(21):16-23.
[12]赵亚杰,夏欢,王俊兴,等.基于动态阈值调节的城轨交通超级电容储能系统控制策略研究[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(14):427-433.Zhao Yajie,Xia Huan,Wang Junxing,et al.Research on control strategy of urban rail transit supercapacitor energy storage system based on dynamic threshold adjustment[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(14):427-433.
[13]张纯江,董杰,刘君,等.蓄电池与超级电容混合储能系统的控制策略[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(4):335-340.Zhang Chunjiang,Dong Jie,Liu Jun,et al.Control strategy of battery and super capacitor hybrid energy storage system[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(4):335-340.
[14]Iannuzzi D,Pagano E,Tricoli P.The use of energy storage systems for supporting the voltage needs of urban and suburban railway contact lines[J].Energies2013,6(4):1802-1820.
[15]刘诗涵,周羽生,许振华,等.基于超级电容蓄能的永磁同步海上风电低电压穿越研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(5):9-15.Liu Shihan,Zhou Yusheng,Xu Zhenhua,et al.Research on low voltage ride-through of permanent magnet synchronous offshore wind power based on super capacitor energy storage[J].Power System Protection and Control,2018,46(5):9-15.
[2]诸斐琴,杨中平,林飞,等.基于加速时间预测的现代有轨电车储能系统能量管理与容量配置优化研究[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(23):158-166.Zhu Feiqin,Yang Zhongping,Lin Fei,et al.Research on energy management and capacity allocation optimization of modern tram energy storage system based on acceleration time prediction[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(23):158-166.
[3]Suzuki T,Hayashiya H,Yamanoi T,et al.Application examples of energy saving measures in Japanese DC feeding system[C]//2014 International Power Electronics Conference,Hiroshima,Japan,2014:1062-1067.
[4]胡斯登,梁梓鹏,范栋琦,等.基于Z源变换器的电动汽车超级电容-电池混合储能系统[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(8):247-255.Husten,Liang Shupeng,Fan Dongqi,et al.Electric vehicle super capacitor-battery hybrid energy storage system based on Z source converter[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(8):247-255.
[5]Takashi Yamanoi,Shigeki Umeda,Yoshiaki Nakamura et al.Field test of hybrid power supply system for DCelectric railways[J].West Japan Railway Company,Osaka,Japan,2010.
[6]Takahashi H,Tabata N,Ikarashi H,et al.Lithium ion battery application in traction power supply system[C]//2014 16th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference and Exposition,Antalya,Turkey,2014,DOI:10.1109/EPEPEMC.20146980635.
[7]Sadakiyo M,Nagaoka N,Ametani A,et al.An optimal operating point control of lithium-ion battery in a power compensator for DC railway system[C]//IEEE International Universities Power Engineering Conference,Upec 2007,Brighton,UK,2007:681-686.
[8]Park J Y,Heo J H,Shin S,et al.Economic evaluation of ESS in urban railway substation for peak load shaving based on net present value[J].Journal of Electrical Engineering&Technology,2017,12(2):981-987.
[9]Park J Y,Jung H,Kim H,et al.Capacity determination of ESS for peak load shaving based on the actual measurement of loads in the substation of urban railway[J].Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers,2014,63(6):860-865.
[10]Barrero R,Tackoen X,Mierlo J V.Improving energy efficiency in public transport:stationary supercapacitor based energy storage systems for a metro network[C]//2008 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference,Harbin,2008:1-8.
[11]夏欢,杨中平,杨志鸿,等.基于列车运行状态的城轨超级电容储能装置控制策略[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(21):16-23.Xia Huan,Yang Zhongping,Yang Zhihong,et al.Control strategy of urban rail supercapacitor energy storage device based on train running state[J]Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(21):16-23.
[12]赵亚杰,夏欢,王俊兴,等.基于动态阈值调节的城轨交通超级电容储能系统控制策略研究[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(14):427-433.Zhao Yajie,Xia Huan,Wang Junxing,et al.Research on control strategy of urban rail transit supercapacitor energy storage system based on dynamic threshold adjustment[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(14):427-433.
[13]张纯江,董杰,刘君,等.蓄电池与超级电容混合储能系统的控制策略[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(4):335-340.Zhang Chunjiang,Dong Jie,Liu Jun,et al.Control strategy of battery and super capacitor hybrid energy storage system[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(4):335-340.
[14]Iannuzzi D,Pagano E,Tricoli P.The use of energy storage systems for supporting the voltage needs of urban and suburban railway contact lines[J].Energies2013,6(4):1802-1820.
[15]刘诗涵,周羽生,许振华,等.基于超级电容蓄能的永磁同步海上风电低电压穿越研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(5):9-15.Liu Shihan,Zhou Yusheng,Xu Zhenhua,et al.Research on low voltage ride-through of permanent magnet synchronous offshore wind power based on super capacitor energy storage[J].Power System Protection and Control,2018,46(5):9-15.