深井中等稳定顶板沿空留巷锚注切顶支护技术研究
|
摘要
为解决深井高应力沿空巷道围岩变形大、支护困难的问题,以孙村煤矿2216工作面地质和开采条件为背景,采用数值模拟软件FLAC3D建立计算模型,分析比较了采用普通锚索、普通锚索+巷旁切顶和注浆锚索+巷旁切顶3种支护方案时,深井高应力沿空巷道围岩应力和变形破坏规律。研究结果表明:与前2种支护方案相比,采用注浆锚索+巷旁切顶支护方案时,顶底板及两帮变形量分别减小了22.2%和19.8%,实体煤和巷旁单体支柱受力分别降低了13.5%和77.8%,控制围岩效果更好。现场试验验证表明,2216工作面回风巷采用注浆锚索+巷旁切顶方案进行改进支护后,第1个工作面回采结束时,顶底板和两帮最大移近量分别为270 mm和120 mm;下个工作面推进至测站位置时,顶底板和两帮累计移近量分别为533 mm和171mm,围岩变形得到了有效控制,可较好地解决该类巷道支护问题。
In order to solve the problem of large deformation and support of surrounding rock in high-rise roadway with deep stress,this paper takes the geologic and mining conditions of No. 2216 working face of Suncun Coal Mine as the research target. Using the methods of numerical simulation and field practice,this paper compares the the surrounding rock stress and deformation and failure of high stress along the roadway in deep mine when three supporting schemes,namely the general anchor cable,roadside cutting roof plus grouting anchor cable and roadside cutting roof are used. The test results show that compared with the first two support schemes,the deformation of roof and floor and two sides are reduced by 22.2% and 19.8%,respectively,when using the grouting anchor cable plus roadside cutting support scheme,while the stress by the solid coal and the single pillars along the roadway are reduced by 13.5% and 77.8%,respectively. The effect of controlling surrounding rock are better. Field test results show that after the No.2216 working face return airway adopts the grouting anchor cable plus lane cutting plan to improve the support,the maximum moving amount of the top floor and the two sides are 270 mm and 120 mm respectively when the first return working face is finished; when the next working face is advanced to the station,the cumulative displacement of the top and floor and the two sides are 533 mm and 171 mm respectively,and the deformation of surrounding rock is effectively controlled,which can better solve the problem of roadway support.
In order to solve the problem of large deformation and support of surrounding rock in high-rise roadway with deep stress,this paper takes the geologic and mining conditions of No. 2216 working face of Suncun Coal Mine as the research target. Using the methods of numerical simulation and field practice,this paper compares the the surrounding rock stress and deformation and failure of high stress along the roadway in deep mine when three supporting schemes,namely the general anchor cable,roadside cutting roof plus grouting anchor cable and roadside cutting roof are used. The test results show that compared with the first two support schemes,the deformation of roof and floor and two sides are reduced by 22.2% and 19.8%,respectively,when using the grouting anchor cable plus roadside cutting support scheme,while the stress by the solid coal and the single pillars along the roadway are reduced by 13.5% and 77.8%,respectively. The effect of controlling surrounding rock are better. Field test results show that after the No.2216 working face return airway adopts the grouting anchor cable plus lane cutting plan to improve the support,the maximum moving amount of the top floor and the two sides are 270 mm and 120 mm respectively when the first return working face is finished; when the next working face is advanced to the station,the cumulative displacement of the top and floor and the two sides are 533 mm and 171 mm respectively,and the deformation of surrounding rock is effectively controlled,which can better solve the problem of roadway support.
引文
[1]宋振骐,崔增娣,夏洪春,等.无煤柱矸石充填绿色安全高效开采模式及其工程理论基础研究[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(5):705-710.SONG Zhenqi,CUI Zengdi,XIA Hongchun,et al.The fundemental theoretial and engineering research on the green safe no coal pillar mining model by mainly using coal gangue backfill[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(5):705-710.
[2]何东升,刘旦龙,张洋.复合顶板中厚煤层切顶卸压留巷无煤柱开采技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(9):126-132.HE Dongsheng,LIU Danlong,ZHANG Yang.Non-pillar mining technology of medium thick seam with roof cutting and pressure released retained gateway and complex roof[J].Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(9):126-132.
[3]朱珍,袁红平,张科学,等.切顶卸压无煤柱自成巷顶板下沉分析及控制技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(11):1-7.ZHU Zhen,YUAN Hongping,ZHANG Kexue,et al.Analysis and control technology of roof subsidence in non-pillar gob-side entry retaining formed by roof cutting and pressure release[J].Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(11):1-7.
[4]张农,韩昌良,阚甲广,等.沿空留巷围岩控制理论与实践[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(8):1635-1641.ZHANG Nong,HAN Changliang,KAN Jiaguang,et al.Theory and practice of surrounding rock control for pillarless gob-side entry retaining[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(8):1635-1641.
[5]张农,张志义,吴海,等.深井沿空留巷扩刷修复技术及应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(3):468-474.ZHANG Nong,ZHANG Zhiyi,WU Hai,et al.Technology and application of reparation in deep gob-side entry retaining[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2014,33(3):468-474.
[6]张农,陈红,陈瑶.千米深井高地压软岩巷道沿空留巷工程案例[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(3):494-501.ZHANG Nong,CHEN Hong,CHEN Yao.An engineering case of gob-side entry retaining in one kilometer-depth soft rock roadway with high ground pressure[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(3):494-501.
[7]谢生荣,张广超,何尚森,等.深部大采高充填开采沿空留巷围岩控制机理及应用[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(12):2362-2368.XIE Shengrong,ZHANG Guangchao,HE Shangsen,et al.Surrounding rock control mechanism and its application of gobside retaining entry in deep backfilling with large mining height[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(12):2362-2368.
[8]谢生荣,岳帅帅,陈冬冬,等.深部充填开采留巷围岩偏应力演化规律与控制[J].煤炭学报,2018,43(7):1837-1846.XIE Shengrong,YUE Shuaishuai,CHEN Dongdong,et al.Deviatoric stress evolution laws and control of surrounding rock at gob-side entry retaining in deep backfilling mining[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2018,43(7):1837-1846.
[9]陈勇,柏建彪,王襄禹,等.沿空留巷巷内支护技术研究与应用[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(6):903-910.CHEN Yong,BAI Jianbiao,WANG Xiangyu,et al.Support technology research and application inside roadway of gob-side entry retaining[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2012,37(6):903-910.
[10]陈勇,柏建彪,朱涛垒,等.沿空留巷巷旁支护体作用机制及工程应用[J].岩土力学,2012,33(5):1427-1432.CHEN Yong,BAI Jianbiao,ZHU Taolei,et al.Mechanisms of roadside support in gob-side entry retaining and its application[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012,33(5):1427-1432.
[11]康红普,牛多龙,张镇.深部沿空留巷围岩变形特征与支护技术[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(10):1977-1987.KANG Hongpu,NIU Duolong,ZHANG Zhen.Deformation characteristics of surrounding rock and supporting technology of gobside entry retaining in deep coal mine[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(10):1977-1987.
[12]柏建彪,周华强,侯朝炯,等.沿空留巷巷旁支护技术的发展[J].中国矿业大学学报,2004,33(2):183-186.BAI Jianbiao,ZHOU Huaqiang,HOU Chaoqiong et al.Development of support technology beside roadway in goaf-side entry retaining for next sublevel[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2004,33(2):183-186.
[13]李化敏.沿空留巷顶板岩层控制设计[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2000,19(5):651-654.LI Huamin.Control design of roofs for gob-side entry[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2000,19(5):651-654.
[14]谭云亮,于凤海,宁建国,等.沿空巷旁支护适应性原理与支护方法[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(2):376-382TAN Yunliang,YU Fenghai,NING Jianguo,et al.Adaptability theory of roadside support in gob-side entry retaining and its supporting design[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(2):376-382.
[15]宁建国,马鹏飞,刘学生,等.坚硬顶板沿空留巷巷旁“让-抗”支护机理[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2013,30(3):369-374.NING Jianguo,MA Pengfei,LIU Xuesheng,et al.Supporting mechanism of“yielding-supporting”beside roadway maintained along the goaf under hard rocks[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2013,30(3):369-374.
[16]孟庆彬,韩立军,乔卫国,等.深部软岩巷道锚注支护机理数值模拟研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2016,33(1):27-34.MENG Qingbin,HAN Lijun,QIAO Weiguo,et al.Numerical simulation research of bolt-grouting supporting mechanism in deep soft rock roadway[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2016,33(1):27-34.
[17]武精科,阚甲广,谢生荣,等.深井高应力软岩沿空留巷围岩破坏机制及控制[J].岩土力学,2017,38(3):793-800.WU Jingke,KAN Jiaguang,XIE Shengrong,et al.Failure mechanisms and control of surrounding rock of deep gob-side entry retaining in soft rock strata under high stress[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2017,38(3):793-800.
[18]吴建星,方树林.高应力厚煤层动压巷道底鼓力学机理及控制技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(12):86-91.WU Jianxing,FANG Shulin.Mechanical mechanism and control technology of floor heave of high stress thick coal seam under dynamic pressure[J].Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(12):86-91.
[19]刘学生,谭云亮,宁建国.锚杆支护煤巷围岩变形速度的混沌预测研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2014,31(3):385-389.LIU Xuesheng,TAN Yunliang,NING Jianguo.Chaotic prediction of surrounding rock deformation speed in coal roadway supported by bolt[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2014,31(3):385-389.
[20]刘学生,谭云亮,宁建国,等.采动支承压力引起应变型冲击地压能量判据研究[J].岩土力学,2016,37(10):2929-2936.LIU Xuesheng,TAN Yunliang,NING Jianguo,et al.Energy criterion of abutment pressure induced strain-mode rockburst[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2016,37(10):2929-2936.
[2]何东升,刘旦龙,张洋.复合顶板中厚煤层切顶卸压留巷无煤柱开采技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(9):126-132.HE Dongsheng,LIU Danlong,ZHANG Yang.Non-pillar mining technology of medium thick seam with roof cutting and pressure released retained gateway and complex roof[J].Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(9):126-132.
[3]朱珍,袁红平,张科学,等.切顶卸压无煤柱自成巷顶板下沉分析及控制技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(11):1-7.ZHU Zhen,YUAN Hongping,ZHANG Kexue,et al.Analysis and control technology of roof subsidence in non-pillar gob-side entry retaining formed by roof cutting and pressure release[J].Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(11):1-7.
[4]张农,韩昌良,阚甲广,等.沿空留巷围岩控制理论与实践[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(8):1635-1641.ZHANG Nong,HAN Changliang,KAN Jiaguang,et al.Theory and practice of surrounding rock control for pillarless gob-side entry retaining[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(8):1635-1641.
[5]张农,张志义,吴海,等.深井沿空留巷扩刷修复技术及应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(3):468-474.ZHANG Nong,ZHANG Zhiyi,WU Hai,et al.Technology and application of reparation in deep gob-side entry retaining[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2014,33(3):468-474.
[6]张农,陈红,陈瑶.千米深井高地压软岩巷道沿空留巷工程案例[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(3):494-501.ZHANG Nong,CHEN Hong,CHEN Yao.An engineering case of gob-side entry retaining in one kilometer-depth soft rock roadway with high ground pressure[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(3):494-501.
[7]谢生荣,张广超,何尚森,等.深部大采高充填开采沿空留巷围岩控制机理及应用[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(12):2362-2368.XIE Shengrong,ZHANG Guangchao,HE Shangsen,et al.Surrounding rock control mechanism and its application of gobside retaining entry in deep backfilling with large mining height[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(12):2362-2368.
[8]谢生荣,岳帅帅,陈冬冬,等.深部充填开采留巷围岩偏应力演化规律与控制[J].煤炭学报,2018,43(7):1837-1846.XIE Shengrong,YUE Shuaishuai,CHEN Dongdong,et al.Deviatoric stress evolution laws and control of surrounding rock at gob-side entry retaining in deep backfilling mining[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2018,43(7):1837-1846.
[9]陈勇,柏建彪,王襄禹,等.沿空留巷巷内支护技术研究与应用[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(6):903-910.CHEN Yong,BAI Jianbiao,WANG Xiangyu,et al.Support technology research and application inside roadway of gob-side entry retaining[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2012,37(6):903-910.
[10]陈勇,柏建彪,朱涛垒,等.沿空留巷巷旁支护体作用机制及工程应用[J].岩土力学,2012,33(5):1427-1432.CHEN Yong,BAI Jianbiao,ZHU Taolei,et al.Mechanisms of roadside support in gob-side entry retaining and its application[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012,33(5):1427-1432.
[11]康红普,牛多龙,张镇.深部沿空留巷围岩变形特征与支护技术[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(10):1977-1987.KANG Hongpu,NIU Duolong,ZHANG Zhen.Deformation characteristics of surrounding rock and supporting technology of gobside entry retaining in deep coal mine[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(10):1977-1987.
[12]柏建彪,周华强,侯朝炯,等.沿空留巷巷旁支护技术的发展[J].中国矿业大学学报,2004,33(2):183-186.BAI Jianbiao,ZHOU Huaqiang,HOU Chaoqiong et al.Development of support technology beside roadway in goaf-side entry retaining for next sublevel[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2004,33(2):183-186.
[13]李化敏.沿空留巷顶板岩层控制设计[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2000,19(5):651-654.LI Huamin.Control design of roofs for gob-side entry[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2000,19(5):651-654.
[14]谭云亮,于凤海,宁建国,等.沿空巷旁支护适应性原理与支护方法[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(2):376-382TAN Yunliang,YU Fenghai,NING Jianguo,et al.Adaptability theory of roadside support in gob-side entry retaining and its supporting design[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(2):376-382.
[15]宁建国,马鹏飞,刘学生,等.坚硬顶板沿空留巷巷旁“让-抗”支护机理[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2013,30(3):369-374.NING Jianguo,MA Pengfei,LIU Xuesheng,et al.Supporting mechanism of“yielding-supporting”beside roadway maintained along the goaf under hard rocks[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2013,30(3):369-374.
[16]孟庆彬,韩立军,乔卫国,等.深部软岩巷道锚注支护机理数值模拟研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2016,33(1):27-34.MENG Qingbin,HAN Lijun,QIAO Weiguo,et al.Numerical simulation research of bolt-grouting supporting mechanism in deep soft rock roadway[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2016,33(1):27-34.
[17]武精科,阚甲广,谢生荣,等.深井高应力软岩沿空留巷围岩破坏机制及控制[J].岩土力学,2017,38(3):793-800.WU Jingke,KAN Jiaguang,XIE Shengrong,et al.Failure mechanisms and control of surrounding rock of deep gob-side entry retaining in soft rock strata under high stress[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2017,38(3):793-800.
[18]吴建星,方树林.高应力厚煤层动压巷道底鼓力学机理及控制技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(12):86-91.WU Jianxing,FANG Shulin.Mechanical mechanism and control technology of floor heave of high stress thick coal seam under dynamic pressure[J].Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(12):86-91.
[19]刘学生,谭云亮,宁建国.锚杆支护煤巷围岩变形速度的混沌预测研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2014,31(3):385-389.LIU Xuesheng,TAN Yunliang,NING Jianguo.Chaotic prediction of surrounding rock deformation speed in coal roadway supported by bolt[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2014,31(3):385-389.
[20]刘学生,谭云亮,宁建国,等.采动支承压力引起应变型冲击地压能量判据研究[J].岩土力学,2016,37(10):2929-2936.LIU Xuesheng,TAN Yunliang,NING Jianguo,et al.Energy criterion of abutment pressure induced strain-mode rockburst[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2016,37(10):2929-2936.