青年人下肢主动和被动运动生物力学分析
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摘要
目的运动疗法包括主动运动和被动运动两种方式,不同的方式对患者治疗效果不同。然而,在运动治疗过程中,患者对所进行的运动疗法存在理解和力度控制偏差,导致自主参与程度不合理,使实际的运动治疗方式与最初设想的不同。本研究以青年人为研究对象,旨在确立一种客观判断主动和被动运动差异的特征性指标,用以分析和评价青年患者的运动方式,进而矫正因自主参与程度不同导致的运动方式偏差。方法实验选取24名20~30周岁的健康青年人作为受试者(男、女各12人),实验内容为在脚踏车上先后进行主动和被动运动训练。运动速度为30 r/min,持续时间3 min。运动过程中,利用肌电测量系统记录受试者腓肠肌肌电信号、足底压力测量系统记录足底压力大小。结果不同运动方式下,腓肠肌肌电信号峰-峰值、积分肌电值和足底压力AD值[(最大值-最小值)/平均值]分界明显,具有显著性差异(P<0.01);腓肠肌肌电信号方差值和足底压力最大值分界明显,具有显著性差异(P<0.05)。上述结果不受性别差异的影响。结论不同运动方式下,肌电信号峰-峰值、积分肌电值、方差值和足底压力AD值、最大值分界明显,很可能可以作为判别青年人下肢主动运动和被动运动的客观指标,用以评价受试者自主参与运动治疗的程度。
Objective Sport therapy can be divided into two ways,active exercise and passive exercise.Different forms of exercise can lead to different effect. However,in the process of exercise therapy,the actual way of exercise may be different from the planned,because the patients have their own understanding and control deviation of strength,which may lead to an unreasonable independent participation. The study taking young people as the object of study,aims to establish an objective and characteristic index which can judge the way of sport therapy in order to analyze and evaluate the patient 's exercise,and then,correct the deviation caused by patients' independent participation. Methods Twenty-four healthy participants aged 20-30 years( twelve men and twelve women) were trained on the bike in different way of exercise. The speed was 30 r/min,and the duration was 3 min. In the process of exercise,the plantar pressure measurement system was used to record plantar pressure,and electrical measuring system was used to record the amplitude of gastrocnemius muscle signal. Results Under different motion modes,The gastrocnemius muscle EMG peak,integral EMG and variance,the AD value have a clear demarcation and extremely significant differences( P < 0. 01). The gastrocnemius muscle EMG variance and maximum value of plantar pressure have a clear demarcation and significant differences( P<0. 05). These results were notinfluenced by gender differences. Conclusions In different ways of motion,the peak value of the muscle electrical signal,the AD value and the maximum value of plantar pressure have a clear demarcation,and possibly can be used as an objective index to evaluate the active and passive exercise of young people's lower limbs.
Objective Sport therapy can be divided into two ways,active exercise and passive exercise.Different forms of exercise can lead to different effect. However,in the process of exercise therapy,the actual way of exercise may be different from the planned,because the patients have their own understanding and control deviation of strength,which may lead to an unreasonable independent participation. The study taking young people as the object of study,aims to establish an objective and characteristic index which can judge the way of sport therapy in order to analyze and evaluate the patient 's exercise,and then,correct the deviation caused by patients' independent participation. Methods Twenty-four healthy participants aged 20-30 years( twelve men and twelve women) were trained on the bike in different way of exercise. The speed was 30 r/min,and the duration was 3 min. In the process of exercise,the plantar pressure measurement system was used to record plantar pressure,and electrical measuring system was used to record the amplitude of gastrocnemius muscle signal. Results Under different motion modes,The gastrocnemius muscle EMG peak,integral EMG and variance,the AD value have a clear demarcation and extremely significant differences( P < 0. 01). The gastrocnemius muscle EMG variance and maximum value of plantar pressure have a clear demarcation and significant differences( P<0. 05). These results were notinfluenced by gender differences. Conclusions In different ways of motion,the peak value of the muscle electrical signal,the AD value and the maximum value of plantar pressure have a clear demarcation,and possibly can be used as an objective index to evaluate the active and passive exercise of young people's lower limbs.
引文
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[16]黄志强.表面肌电评价不同运动强度和收缩方式的股直肌疲劳的研究[J].湖北体育科技,2007,26(2):174-176.Huang Zhiqiang.Surface electromyogram evaluation the rectus femoris fatigue under differential loads and contract methods[J].Hubei Sports Science,2007,26(2):174-176.
[17]袁刚,张木勋,王中琴,等.正常人足底压力分布及其影响因素分析[J].中华物理医学与康复杂志,2004,26(3):156-159.Yuan Gang,Zhang Muxun,Wang Zhongqin,et al.The distribution of foot pressure and its influence factors in Chinese people[J].Chinese Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation,2004,26(3):156-159.
[18]Lee NK,Kwon JW,Son SM,et al.Changes of plantar pressure distributions following open and closed kinetic chain exercise in patients with stroke[J].NeuroRehabilitation,2013,32(2):385-390.
[19]Muller MD,Drew RC,Ross AJ,et al.Inhibition of cyclooxygenase attenuates the blood pressure response to plantar flexion exercise in peripheral arterial disease[J].Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol,2015,309(3):H523-H528.
[2]徐兵.手法配合关节被动运动治疗肩关节周围炎的临床体会[J].按摩与康复医学,2012,3(11):62-63.
[3]Alghamdi HS,Bosco R,van den Beucken J J,et al.Osteogenicity of titanium implants coated with calcium phosphate or collagen type-I in osteoporotic rats[J].Biomaterials,2013,34(15):3747-3757.
[4]Boskovic K,Gava BP,Grajic M,et al.Adapted physical activity in the prevention and therapy of osteoporosis[J].Med Pregl,2013,66(5-6):221-224.
[5]Hidalgo B,Hall T,Nielens H,et al.Intertester agreement and validity of identifying lumbar pain provocative movement patterns using active and passive accessory movement tests[J].J Manipulative Physiol Ther,2014,37(2):105-115.
[6]Rodrigues A,Laires PA,Gouveia N,et al.Characterization of osteoporosis in portugal-treatment patterns and reasons for undertreatment and non-persistence with pharmacological treatments[J].Value Health,2015,18(7):A636-A637.
[7]Vlak T,Aljinovic J.Non-pharmacological treatment of osteoporosis:myth or reality?[J].Reumatizam,2014,61(2):100-104.
[8]Hoier B,Walker M,Passos M,et al.Angiogenic response to passive movement and active exercise in individuals with peripheral arterial disease[J].J Appl Physiol,2013,115(12):1777-1787.
[9]蔡伟森,吴毅,吴军发,等.缺血性脑卒中患者患手主动运动及被动运动时的功能性磁共振研究[J].中华物理医学与康复杂志,2014,36(4):270-273.Cai Weisen,Wu Yi,Wu Junfa,et al.Active and passive movement of the affected hand after ischemic stroke[J].Chinese Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation,2014,36(4):270-273.
[10]黎涌明.不同运动方式的能量代谢——共性与区别[J].体育科学,2013,33(12):81-86.Li Ming.Energetics in exercises-similarity and difference[J].Journal of Sports Science,2013,33(12):81-86.
[11]Lopez-Delis A,Delisle-Rodriguez D,Villa-Parra AC,et al.Knee motion pattern classification from trunk muscle based on s EMG signals[J].Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc,2015,2015:2604-2607.
[12]Nadiv Y,Vachbroit R,Gefen A,et al.Evaluation of fatigue of respiratory and lower limb muscles during prolonged aerobic exercise[J].J Appl Biomech,2012,28(2):139-147.
[13]Fourchet F,Kelly L,Horobeanu C,et al.High-intensity running and plantar-flexor fatigability and plantar-pressure distribution in adolescent runners[J].J Athl Train,2015,50(2):117-125.
[14]Signorile JF,Lew K,Stoutenberg M,et al.Range of motion and leg rotation affect EMG activation levels of the superficial quadriceps muscles during leg extension[J].J Strength Cond Res,2014,28(9):2536-2545.
[15]Carneiro JG,Goncalves EM,Camata TV,et al.Influence of gender on the EMG signal of the quadriceps femoris muscles and performance in high-intensity short-term exercise[J].Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol,2010,50(7-8):326-332.
[16]黄志强.表面肌电评价不同运动强度和收缩方式的股直肌疲劳的研究[J].湖北体育科技,2007,26(2):174-176.Huang Zhiqiang.Surface electromyogram evaluation the rectus femoris fatigue under differential loads and contract methods[J].Hubei Sports Science,2007,26(2):174-176.
[17]袁刚,张木勋,王中琴,等.正常人足底压力分布及其影响因素分析[J].中华物理医学与康复杂志,2004,26(3):156-159.Yuan Gang,Zhang Muxun,Wang Zhongqin,et al.The distribution of foot pressure and its influence factors in Chinese people[J].Chinese Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation,2004,26(3):156-159.
[18]Lee NK,Kwon JW,Son SM,et al.Changes of plantar pressure distributions following open and closed kinetic chain exercise in patients with stroke[J].NeuroRehabilitation,2013,32(2):385-390.
[19]Muller MD,Drew RC,Ross AJ,et al.Inhibition of cyclooxygenase attenuates the blood pressure response to plantar flexion exercise in peripheral arterial disease[J].Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol,2015,309(3):H523-H528.