追寻“自我”:《倾城之恋》细读及重释(上)
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摘要
《倾城之恋》中白流苏、范柳原之间的爱情算计、情感博弈,可能只是较为表层的内涵,更深层的主旨是二者在那个新旧中西交错的"夹缝"时代对"自我"的追寻。他们在追寻中相遇、相恋,又在相恋中互相隔膜、自造"围城",精心地计算得失,谨慎地斟酌进退。虽然互有好感、心生爱慕,但白流苏由于经济的重压,范柳原出于精神需求的苛刻,都吝啬地固守着自己。艰难的心灵碰撞、别扭的同居生活,开始让双方的立场产生松动。最终,随着"倾城"的战火,以及"自我"的释放与突围,他们各自在对方身上确证了自己。
The complicated love story between Bai Liusu and Fan Liuyuan may only be the surface connotation of the novel Love in a Fallen City. The deeper theme of this novella is the pursuit of their true "self"during the transforming era of the old and new under wartime background. In the process of pursuing their own true"self",they met and fell in love with each other. However,there were estrangements and conflicts in their relationship and their own "besieged city"was built. They calculated their gains and losses very precisely and considered every step they make carefully. Despite their mutual love for each other,both of them have their own concerns. Bai Liusu suffered from the heavy economic pressure while Fan Liuyuan kept a strict spiritual requirement for himself. Both of them doubted the other's true commitment and love for each other with the hard mental collisions and the awkward situations of non-marital cohabitation. Eventually,with the war in the"Fallen city"and the release and breakthrough of their true "self",both of themrealized that their love for each other is far more enduring and valuable.
The complicated love story between Bai Liusu and Fan Liuyuan may only be the surface connotation of the novel Love in a Fallen City. The deeper theme of this novella is the pursuit of their true "self"during the transforming era of the old and new under wartime background. In the process of pursuing their own true"self",they met and fell in love with each other. However,there were estrangements and conflicts in their relationship and their own "besieged city"was built. They calculated their gains and losses very precisely and considered every step they make carefully. Despite their mutual love for each other,both of them have their own concerns. Bai Liusu suffered from the heavy economic pressure while Fan Liuyuan kept a strict spiritual requirement for himself. Both of them doubted the other's true commitment and love for each other with the hard mental collisions and the awkward situations of non-marital cohabitation. Eventually,with the war in the"Fallen city"and the release and breakthrough of their true "self",both of themrealized that their love for each other is far more enduring and valuable.
引文
[1]张爱玲.张爱玲全集5[M].北京:北京十月文艺出版社,2012.
[2]张爱玲.张爱玲全集1[M].北京:北京十月文艺出版社,2012.
[3]鲁迅.鲁迅全集1[M].北京:人民文学出版社,2005.
(1)另一方面似乎也在暗示柳原所看重的并非物质,而更在意人的内在气质、心灵。
(2)如萨黑夷妮口中的所谓上海人,柳原对之难有兴致。流苏则不像她眼中(洋气)的上海人,恰恰是这个“不像”,反倒吸引了范柳原。
(3)在流苏“自我”里,经济的比例更重,但这不是说,流苏没有精神上的追求,只是常常被前者压倒、吞噬罢了。
(4)这样的看法,多少也透露出范柳原心里的讲求平等、尊重女性的现代意识。在范柳原的心中,他是固执地要将爱情与婚姻画上等号的。
(1)小说中的那个萨黑夷妮也很有意思,自己是印度人却处处体现了西方女性的现代特征,很能代表柳原司空见惯的女人类型。他在小说中主要作为比较对象而存在:和柳原相比,她是一个较为彻底的“无根”者且安于这“无根”,柳原则一直想找到自己在中国的“根”;和流苏相比,后者身上的中国特征愈发明显,在柳原看来便愈是珍贵。
(1)张爱玲认为流苏到最后也没有真的了解范柳原,并坦承自己也不了解他,“我从她(白流苏)的观点写这故事,而她始终没有彻底懂得柳原的为人,因此我也用不着十分懂得他”,所以文本中徐太太、白流苏对柳原的看法并不可靠。见张爱玲《关于倾城之恋的老实话》,《张玲爱全集5》第192页,北京十月文艺出版社2012年版。
[2]张爱玲.张爱玲全集1[M].北京:北京十月文艺出版社,2012.
[3]鲁迅.鲁迅全集1[M].北京:人民文学出版社,2005.
(1)另一方面似乎也在暗示柳原所看重的并非物质,而更在意人的内在气质、心灵。
(2)如萨黑夷妮口中的所谓上海人,柳原对之难有兴致。流苏则不像她眼中(洋气)的上海人,恰恰是这个“不像”,反倒吸引了范柳原。
(3)在流苏“自我”里,经济的比例更重,但这不是说,流苏没有精神上的追求,只是常常被前者压倒、吞噬罢了。
(4)这样的看法,多少也透露出范柳原心里的讲求平等、尊重女性的现代意识。在范柳原的心中,他是固执地要将爱情与婚姻画上等号的。
(1)小说中的那个萨黑夷妮也很有意思,自己是印度人却处处体现了西方女性的现代特征,很能代表柳原司空见惯的女人类型。他在小说中主要作为比较对象而存在:和柳原相比,她是一个较为彻底的“无根”者且安于这“无根”,柳原则一直想找到自己在中国的“根”;和流苏相比,后者身上的中国特征愈发明显,在柳原看来便愈是珍贵。
(1)张爱玲认为流苏到最后也没有真的了解范柳原,并坦承自己也不了解他,“我从她(白流苏)的观点写这故事,而她始终没有彻底懂得柳原的为人,因此我也用不着十分懂得他”,所以文本中徐太太、白流苏对柳原的看法并不可靠。见张爱玲《关于倾城之恋的老实话》,《张玲爱全集5》第192页,北京十月文艺出版社2012年版。