超高性能混凝土形状与尺寸效应分析
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摘要
为研究试件形状和尺寸对超高性能混凝土抗压强度的影响,分别开展立方体和圆柱体共6种规格试件、 12批次的试验,对试验结果进行尺寸、形状效应的分析.结果表明,试件尺寸越大,强度越低;立方体的尺寸效应比圆柱体明显;圆柱体试件对立方体试件的换算系数,随着试件尺寸的增加不断减小.试件边长(直径)为150 mm时,圆柱体试件的强度大于立方体的;试件边长(直径)为70和100 mm附近时,圆柱体试件的强度小于立方体.在此基础上,结合收集到的文献数据,给出了以100 mm立方体为基准的形状尺寸统一换算关系,并对各标准最低抗压强度值进行换算后的比较.建议我国将UHPC最低标准强度从现有的100 MPa提高到120～130 MPa,对于测试试件,可继续沿用现有的100 mm立方体,建议补充70.7 mm立方体作为非标准试件.
In order to study the influence of specimen shape and size on the compressive strength of ultra-high performance concrete, 12 groups of specimens containing and 6 kinds of cube and cylinder specimens are tested and the shape and size effects are analyzed. The compressive strength decreases with the increase of specimen's size; and the size effect of cube specimens is more obvious than that of cylinder ones.The conversion coefficient of the cylinder specimen to the cube specimen decreases with the increase of specimen size. When the side length(or diameter) of a specimen is 70 mm or 100 mm, the compressive strength of cylinder specimens is smaller than that of cubic ones; it is contrary when the length(diameter) of specimens is 150 mm. On the basis of this work, together with the collected test data from literature, the conversion coefficient of the strength of 6 kind specimens to that of the 100 mm cube specimen is presented, and the minimum compressive strength in various standards are converted into the strength of 100 mm cube specimen and are compared with each other. It is suggested that the requirement for minimum compressive strength of UHPC in China standard be changed from 100 MPa to 120-130 MPa; for the test specimen, 100 mm cube is appropriate and can be continued to be employed, and 70.7 mm cube is suggested to be used as non-standard specimen.
In order to study the influence of specimen shape and size on the compressive strength of ultra-high performance concrete, 12 groups of specimens containing and 6 kinds of cube and cylinder specimens are tested and the shape and size effects are analyzed. The compressive strength decreases with the increase of specimen's size; and the size effect of cube specimens is more obvious than that of cylinder ones.The conversion coefficient of the cylinder specimen to the cube specimen decreases with the increase of specimen size. When the side length(or diameter) of a specimen is 70 mm or 100 mm, the compressive strength of cylinder specimens is smaller than that of cubic ones; it is contrary when the length(diameter) of specimens is 150 mm. On the basis of this work, together with the collected test data from literature, the conversion coefficient of the strength of 6 kind specimens to that of the 100 mm cube specimen is presented, and the minimum compressive strength in various standards are converted into the strength of 100 mm cube specimen and are compared with each other. It is suggested that the requirement for minimum compressive strength of UHPC in China standard be changed from 100 MPa to 120-130 MPa; for the test specimen, 100 mm cube is appropriate and can be continued to be employed, and 70.7 mm cube is suggested to be used as non-standard specimen.
引文
[1] 陈宝春,季韬,黄卿维,等.超高性能混凝土研究综述[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2014,31(3):1-24.
[2] 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.活性粉末混凝土:GB/T 31387—2015[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2015.
[3] RECOMMENDATIONS I.Association Fran?aise de Génie Civil[R].2002.
[4] European Committee for Standardization.National addition to Eurocode 2-design of concrete structures:specific rules for ultra-high performance fiber-reinforced concrete (UHPFRC):AFNOR N F.P18-710 [S].France:European Committee for Standardization,2016.
[5] NIWA J.Recommendations for design and construction of ultra-high performance fiber-reinforced concrete structures(DRAFT)[M].Tokyo:Japan Society of Civil Engineers,2006
[6] WASSMANN K,BRüHWILER E.Strengthening of RC slabs using UHPFRC-concepts and applications[C]//4th International Symposium on Ultra-High Performance Concrete and High Performance Materials.Kassel:[s.n.],2016.
[7] CHINW J,KIM Y J,CHO J R,et al.Dynamic characteristics evaluation of innovative UHPC pedestrian cable stayed bridge[J].Engineering,2012,4(12):869-876.
[8] GRAYBEAL B,DAVIS M.Cylinder or cube:strength testing of 80 to 200MPa (11.6 to 29ksi) ultra-high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete[J].ACI Materials Journal,2008,105(6):603-609.
[9] AALETI S,PETERSEN B,SRITHARAN S.Design guide for precast UHPC waffle deck panel system,including connections[R].Washington D C:Federal Highway Administration,2013.
[10] American Society for Testing and Materials.Standard practice for fabricating and testing specimens of ultra-high performance concrete:C1856/C1856M-17[S].West Conshohocken:American Society for Testing and Materials,2017.
[11] European Committee for Standardization.Testing hardened concrete(part 1):shape,dimensions and other requirements for specimens and moulds:EN 12390-1[S].London:European Committee for Standardization,2000.
[12] GOWRIPALAN N,GILBERT R I.Design guidelines for ductal prestressed concrete beams[M].Sydney:Ductal &VSL (Aust) Pty Ltd.,2000.
[13] 中华人民共和国建设部,中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局.普通混凝土力学性能试验方法标准:GB/T 50081—2002[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2002.
[14] 中华人民共和国建设部,陕西省建筑科学研究院.建筑砂浆基本性能试验方法标准:JGJ/T 70—2009[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009
[15] 冯磊,刘红彬,彭培火,等.高强与活性粉末混凝土尺寸效应的分析[J].四川建筑科学研究,2010,36(3):191-197.
[16] 张立军.活性粉末混凝土材料强度的尺寸效应研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2006.
[17] 秦子鹏,杜应吉,田艳.高强活性粉末混凝土尺寸效应的研究[J].中国农村水利水电,2013 (9):92-94.
[18] 杜任远.活性粉末混凝土梁、 拱极限承载力研究[D].福州:福州大学,2014
[19] KUSUMAWARDANINGSIH Y,FEHLING E,ISMAIL M.UHPC compressive strength test specimens:cylinder or cube[J].Procedia Engineering,2015,125:1076-1080.
[20] 郑文忠,卢姗姗,张明辉.掺粉煤灰和矿渣粉的活性粉末混凝土梁受力性能试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2009,30(3):62-70.
[21] 卢姗姗.配置钢筋或 GFRP 筋活性粉末混凝土梁受力性能试验与分析[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2010.
[22] 单波.活性粉末混凝土基本力学性能的试验与研究[D].长沙:湖南大学,2002.
[23] 郝文秀,徐晓.钢纤维活性粉末混凝土力学性能试验研究[J].建筑技术,2012,43( 1):35-37.
[24] 吴炎海,林震宇,孙士平.活性粉末混凝土基本力学性能试验研究[J].山东建筑大学学报,2004,19(3):7-11.
[25] 曾建仙,吴炎海,林清.掺钢纤维活性粉末混凝土的受压力学性能研究[J].福州大学学报(自然科学版),2005,33(增刊1):132-137.
[26] 鞠杨,刘红彬,陈健,等.超高强度活性粉末混凝土的韧性与表征方法[J].中国科学(E辑:科学技术),2009(4):793-808.
[27] AN M Z,ZHANG L J,YI Q X.Size effect on compressive strength of reactive powder concrete[J].Journal of China University of Mining and Technology,2008,18(2):279-282.
[28] FLáDR J,BíL■P.Specimen size effect on compressive and flexural strength of high-strength fibre-reinforced concrete containing coarse aggregate[J].Composites Part B:Engineering,2018,138:77-86.
[29] VISO J R D,CARMONA J R,RUIZ G.Shape and size effects on the compressive strength of high-strength concrete[J].Cement and Concrete Research,2008,38(3):386-395.
[30] MANSURM A,ISLAM M M.Interpretation of concrete strength for nonstandard specimens[J].Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering,2002,14(2):151-155.
[31] YOO D Y,BANTHIA N.Mechanical properties of ultra-high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete:a review[J].Cement and Concrete Composites,2016,73:267-280.
[2] 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.活性粉末混凝土:GB/T 31387—2015[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2015.
[3] RECOMMENDATIONS I.Association Fran?aise de Génie Civil[R].2002.
[4] European Committee for Standardization.National addition to Eurocode 2-design of concrete structures:specific rules for ultra-high performance fiber-reinforced concrete (UHPFRC):AFNOR N F.P18-710 [S].France:European Committee for Standardization,2016.
[5] NIWA J.Recommendations for design and construction of ultra-high performance fiber-reinforced concrete structures(DRAFT)[M].Tokyo:Japan Society of Civil Engineers,2006
[6] WASSMANN K,BRüHWILER E.Strengthening of RC slabs using UHPFRC-concepts and applications[C]//4th International Symposium on Ultra-High Performance Concrete and High Performance Materials.Kassel:[s.n.],2016.
[7] CHINW J,KIM Y J,CHO J R,et al.Dynamic characteristics evaluation of innovative UHPC pedestrian cable stayed bridge[J].Engineering,2012,4(12):869-876.
[8] GRAYBEAL B,DAVIS M.Cylinder or cube:strength testing of 80 to 200MPa (11.6 to 29ksi) ultra-high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete[J].ACI Materials Journal,2008,105(6):603-609.
[9] AALETI S,PETERSEN B,SRITHARAN S.Design guide for precast UHPC waffle deck panel system,including connections[R].Washington D C:Federal Highway Administration,2013.
[10] American Society for Testing and Materials.Standard practice for fabricating and testing specimens of ultra-high performance concrete:C1856/C1856M-17[S].West Conshohocken:American Society for Testing and Materials,2017.
[11] European Committee for Standardization.Testing hardened concrete(part 1):shape,dimensions and other requirements for specimens and moulds:EN 12390-1[S].London:European Committee for Standardization,2000.
[12] GOWRIPALAN N,GILBERT R I.Design guidelines for ductal prestressed concrete beams[M].Sydney:Ductal &VSL (Aust) Pty Ltd.,2000.
[13] 中华人民共和国建设部,中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局.普通混凝土力学性能试验方法标准:GB/T 50081—2002[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2002.
[14] 中华人民共和国建设部,陕西省建筑科学研究院.建筑砂浆基本性能试验方法标准:JGJ/T 70—2009[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009
[15] 冯磊,刘红彬,彭培火,等.高强与活性粉末混凝土尺寸效应的分析[J].四川建筑科学研究,2010,36(3):191-197.
[16] 张立军.活性粉末混凝土材料强度的尺寸效应研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2006.
[17] 秦子鹏,杜应吉,田艳.高强活性粉末混凝土尺寸效应的研究[J].中国农村水利水电,2013 (9):92-94.
[18] 杜任远.活性粉末混凝土梁、 拱极限承载力研究[D].福州:福州大学,2014
[19] KUSUMAWARDANINGSIH Y,FEHLING E,ISMAIL M.UHPC compressive strength test specimens:cylinder or cube[J].Procedia Engineering,2015,125:1076-1080.
[20] 郑文忠,卢姗姗,张明辉.掺粉煤灰和矿渣粉的活性粉末混凝土梁受力性能试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2009,30(3):62-70.
[21] 卢姗姗.配置钢筋或 GFRP 筋活性粉末混凝土梁受力性能试验与分析[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2010.
[22] 单波.活性粉末混凝土基本力学性能的试验与研究[D].长沙:湖南大学,2002.
[23] 郝文秀,徐晓.钢纤维活性粉末混凝土力学性能试验研究[J].建筑技术,2012,43( 1):35-37.
[24] 吴炎海,林震宇,孙士平.活性粉末混凝土基本力学性能试验研究[J].山东建筑大学学报,2004,19(3):7-11.
[25] 曾建仙,吴炎海,林清.掺钢纤维活性粉末混凝土的受压力学性能研究[J].福州大学学报(自然科学版),2005,33(增刊1):132-137.
[26] 鞠杨,刘红彬,陈健,等.超高强度活性粉末混凝土的韧性与表征方法[J].中国科学(E辑:科学技术),2009(4):793-808.
[27] AN M Z,ZHANG L J,YI Q X.Size effect on compressive strength of reactive powder concrete[J].Journal of China University of Mining and Technology,2008,18(2):279-282.
[28] FLáDR J,BíL■P.Specimen size effect on compressive and flexural strength of high-strength fibre-reinforced concrete containing coarse aggregate[J].Composites Part B:Engineering,2018,138:77-86.
[29] VISO J R D,CARMONA J R,RUIZ G.Shape and size effects on the compressive strength of high-strength concrete[J].Cement and Concrete Research,2008,38(3):386-395.
[30] MANSURM A,ISLAM M M.Interpretation of concrete strength for nonstandard specimens[J].Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering,2002,14(2):151-155.
[31] YOO D Y,BANTHIA N.Mechanical properties of ultra-high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete:a review[J].Cement and Concrete Composites,2016,73:267-280.