城市社区邻里交往对流动人口主观幸福感的影响——基于广州的实证
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摘要
作为新型城镇化的主力军,流动人口的幸福感备受关注。越来越多的学者开始关注社会纽带对城市流动人口主观幸福感的影响,但鲜有研究揭示城市社区的邻里交往影响流动人口幸福感的机制和路径。本研究基于广州市23个社区1064份问卷调查数据,采用多层线性回归模型,揭示社区邻里交往对流动人口主观幸福感的影响机制,尤其关注邻里交往对社区贫困等环境压力所起到的缓冲效应。研究发现:流动人口的幸福感与所在社区的邻里交往程度呈显著正相关,与社区的邻里剥夺指数呈显著负相关;但没有证据表明,邻里剥夺指数与流动人口幸福感的关系随邻里交往程度的不同会有所变化。因此,和睦的邻里关系能够直接提升流动人口的幸福感,但未必能够缓冲环境压力对其幸福感所带来的负面效应。
As main force of new-type urbanization, migrants have received great attention. A growing number of researches focus on impacts of social ties on migrants in host cities. However, neighbourly interaction in urban community and its influence mechanism on migrants' subject well-being is rarely uncovered. Using data collected from 1064 questionnaires conducted in 23 communities in Guangzhou,this paper examines the influence mechanism of neighbourhood ties on subject well-being of migrants by using multilevel linear regressions and intermediate effect. In particular, it focuses on the buffering effect of neighbourhood interaction on environmental stress such as community poverty. The findings show that migrants' subject well-being display a positive correlation with neighbourhood ties, and a negative correlation with neighbourhood deprivation. No evidence shows that relations between neighbourhood deprivation and migrants' subject well-being varies with neighbourhood ties. In other words, harmonious neighbourhood will promote migrants' well-being directly, but cannot necessarily alleviate adverse effect of environmental stress on that in distressed area.
As main force of new-type urbanization, migrants have received great attention. A growing number of researches focus on impacts of social ties on migrants in host cities. However, neighbourly interaction in urban community and its influence mechanism on migrants' subject well-being is rarely uncovered. Using data collected from 1064 questionnaires conducted in 23 communities in Guangzhou,this paper examines the influence mechanism of neighbourhood ties on subject well-being of migrants by using multilevel linear regressions and intermediate effect. In particular, it focuses on the buffering effect of neighbourhood interaction on environmental stress such as community poverty. The findings show that migrants' subject well-being display a positive correlation with neighbourhood ties, and a negative correlation with neighbourhood deprivation. No evidence shows that relations between neighbourhood deprivation and migrants' subject well-being varies with neighbourhood ties. In other words, harmonious neighbourhood will promote migrants' well-being directly, but cannot necessarily alleviate adverse effect of environmental stress on that in distressed area.
引文
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[26]Yue Z S,Li S Z,Jin X Y,et al.The role of social networks in the integration of Chinese rural-urban migrants:A migrantresident tie perspective[J].Urban Studies,2013,50(9):1704-1723.
[27]Wang Z,Zhang F Z,Wu F L.Social trust between rural migrants and urban locals in China-exploring the effects of residential diversity and neighbourhood deprivation[J].Population,Space and Place,2017,23(1):1-15.
[28]Wu F L,Logan J.Do rural migrants‘float’in urban China?Neighbouring and neighbourhood sentiment in Beijing[J].Urban Studies,2016,53(14):2973-2990.
[29]Chen G.Housing the urban poor in post-reform China:Some empirical evidence from the city of Nanjing[J].Cities,2012,29(4):252-263.
[30]王桂新,苏晓馨.社会支持/压力及其对身心健康影响的研究:上海外来人口与本市居民的比较[J].人口与发展,2011,17(6):2-9.
[31]Diener E,Emmons RA,Larsen R J,et al.The satisfaction with life scale[J].Journal of Personality Assessment,1985,49(1):71-75.
[32]Townsend P,Phillimore P,Beattie A.Health and deprivation:Inequality and the North[J].Health Policy,1988,10(2):207-211.
[33]Goldberg DP,Hillier VF.Ascaled version of the general health questionnaire[J].Psychological Medicine,1979,9(1):139-145.
[34]陈宏胜,王兴平,刘晔,等.“理性”与“感性”之间:上海流动人口迁居意愿研究[J].现代城市研究,2017(7):100-106.
[35]谢霏雰,陈宏胜,刘于琪,等.中国大城市流动人口幸福感研究:以上海为例[J].现代城市研究,2015(12):2-8.
[2]Nielsen I,Smyth R,Zhai Q.Subjective well-being of China’s off-farm migrants[J].Journal of Happiness Studies,2010,11(3):315-333.
[3]许世存.城市适应对流动人口主观幸福感的影响分析:以黑龙江省为例[J].人口学刊,2015,37(4):36-47.
[4]杨东亮,陈思思.北京地区流动人口幸福感的影响因素研究[J].人口学刊,2015,37(5):63-72.
[5]胡美娟,彭文波,杨允,等.当代农民工感知社会支持、自尊和主观幸福感的关系[J].心理科学,2011(6):1414-1421.
[6]Wang Z,Zhang F Z,Wu F L.Intergroup neighbouring in urban China:Implications for the social integration of migrants[J].Urban Studies,2016,53(4):651-668.
[7]Liu Y,Li Z G,Breitung W.The social networks of new-generation migrants in China’s urbanized villages:A case study of Guangzhou[J].Habitat International,2012,36(1):192-200.
[8]O'Campo P,Salmon C,Burke J.Neighbourhoods and mental well-being:What are the pathways?[J].Health Place,2009,15(1):56-68.
[9]Aminzadeh K,Denny S,Utter J,et al.Neighbourhood social capital and adolescent self-reported wellbeing in New Zealand:A multilevel analysis[J].Social Science&Medicine,2013(84):13-21.
[10]Cohen,Wills.Stress,social support,and the buffering hypothesis[J].Psychological Bulletin,1985,98(2):310-357.
[11]Diener E.Subjective well-being[J].Psychological Bulletin,1984(95):542-575.
[12]Easterlin R A.Will raising the incomes of all increase the happiness of all?[J].Journal of Economic Behavior&Organization,1995,27(1):35-47.
[13]Steptoe A,Deaton A,Stone A A.Subjective wellbeing,health,and ageing[J].Lancet,2015,385(9968):640.
[14]Keyes C L M.Subjective well-being in mental health and human development research worldwide[J].Social Indicators Research,2004,69(3):361-362.
[15]Morrison P S.Local Expressions of subjective well-being:The New Zealand experience[J].Regional Studies,2011,45(8):1039-1058.
[16]Schwanen T,Wang D.Well-Being,context,and everyday activities in space and time[J].Annals of the Association of American Geographers,2014,104(4):833-851.
[17]Conlin S E,Douglass R P,Ouch S.Discrimination,subjective wellbeing,and the role of gender:A mediation model of LGB minority stress[J].Journal of Homosex uality,2019,66(2):238-259.
[18]Nieboer A P,Cramm J M.Age-Friendly communities matter for older people’s well-being[J].Journal of Happiness Studies,2017,19(8):2405-2420.
[19]Helliwell J F,Putnam R D.The social context of well-being[J].Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London.Series B,Biological sciences,2004,359(1449):1435-1446.
[20]Wellman B,Wortley S.Different strokes from different folks:Community ties and social support[J].American Journal of Sociology,1990,96(3):558-588.
[21]Kawachi I,Berkman L F.Social ties and mental health[J].Journal of Urban Health,2001,78(3):458-467.
[22]冯永琦,张天舒.代际差异视角下农民工主观幸福感影响因素分析[J].人口学刊,2016,38(5):60-69.
[23]和红,王硕.不同流入地青年流动人口的社会支持与生活满意度[J].人口研究,2016(3):45-57.
[24]吴菲,王俊秀.相对收入与主观幸福感:检验农民工的多重参照群体[J].社会,2017,37(2):74-105.
[25]王桂新,潘泽瀚.我国流动人口的空间分布及其影响因素:基于第六次人口普查资料的分析[J].现代城市研究,2013(3):4-32.
[26]Yue Z S,Li S Z,Jin X Y,et al.The role of social networks in the integration of Chinese rural-urban migrants:A migrantresident tie perspective[J].Urban Studies,2013,50(9):1704-1723.
[27]Wang Z,Zhang F Z,Wu F L.Social trust between rural migrants and urban locals in China-exploring the effects of residential diversity and neighbourhood deprivation[J].Population,Space and Place,2017,23(1):1-15.
[28]Wu F L,Logan J.Do rural migrants‘float’in urban China?Neighbouring and neighbourhood sentiment in Beijing[J].Urban Studies,2016,53(14):2973-2990.
[29]Chen G.Housing the urban poor in post-reform China:Some empirical evidence from the city of Nanjing[J].Cities,2012,29(4):252-263.
[30]王桂新,苏晓馨.社会支持/压力及其对身心健康影响的研究:上海外来人口与本市居民的比较[J].人口与发展,2011,17(6):2-9.
[31]Diener E,Emmons RA,Larsen R J,et al.The satisfaction with life scale[J].Journal of Personality Assessment,1985,49(1):71-75.
[32]Townsend P,Phillimore P,Beattie A.Health and deprivation:Inequality and the North[J].Health Policy,1988,10(2):207-211.
[33]Goldberg DP,Hillier VF.Ascaled version of the general health questionnaire[J].Psychological Medicine,1979,9(1):139-145.
[34]陈宏胜,王兴平,刘晔,等.“理性”与“感性”之间:上海流动人口迁居意愿研究[J].现代城市研究,2017(7):100-106.
[35]谢霏雰,陈宏胜,刘于琪,等.中国大城市流动人口幸福感研究:以上海为例[J].现代城市研究,2015(12):2-8.