茶树光敏色素基因家族成员的生物信息学及其表达量与黄酮含量的相关性分析
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摘要
【目的】分析茶树光敏色素(PHY)基因(CsPHY)的生物学信息及不同采摘时间点茶叶中光敏色素基因表达量与黄酮含量的相关性,为茶叶适时采摘及品质调控提供理论参考。【方法】从茶树基因组数据库(CSA)中筛选出CsPHY基因家族成员,对其进行生物信息学分析,并通过邻接法(NJ)构建系统发育进化树。以一天中不同时间点0:00(R0)、6:00(R6)、12:00(R12)和18:00(R18)采摘的乌龙茶品种肉桂鲜叶为试材,通过实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)检测CsPHY基因家族成员在不同时间点的表达量,并采用三氯化铝比色法检测茶叶中黄酮含量的日变化,以皮尔逊(Pearson)相关系数评估CsPHY基因相对表达量与黄酮含量的相关性。【结果】共筛选获得6个CsPHY基因家族成员,编码蛋白的氨基酸数量674～1142个,分子量为76126.75～126714.53 Da,等电点(pI)为5.74～5.96,脂溶性系数为91.11～95.27,其中,CsPHY1基因属于PHYC亚族,CsPHY2和CsPHY4基因属于PHYA亚族,CsPHY3和CsPHY5基因属于PHYB亚族,CsPHY6基因属于PHYE亚族,说明CsPHY2和CsPHY4蛋白属于Phy I型光敏色素,CsPHY1、CsPHY3、CsPHY5和CsPHY6蛋白属于Phy II型光敏色素。6个CsPHY蛋白均与双子叶植物PHY蛋白的亲缘关系较近,其中,CsPHY2蛋白与水晶兰PHYA亚族蛋白的亲缘关系较近,CsPHY4蛋白与美味猕猴桃PHYA亚族蛋白的亲缘关系较近;CsPHY3和CsPHY5蛋白均与美味猕猴桃PHYB亚族蛋白的亲缘关系较近,且CsPHY5蛋白与葡萄PHYB亚族蛋白的亲缘关系相近;CsPHY1蛋白与河岸葡萄PHYC亚族蛋白的亲缘关系较近,CsPHY6蛋白与中华猕猴桃和河岸葡萄PHYE亚族蛋白的亲缘关系较近。CsPHY1、CsPHY3、CsPHY4和CsPHY5基因在R6时的表达量最高,其中,CsPHY4和CsPHY5基因在R6时的表达量显著高于其他时间点的表达量(P<0.05,下同),而CsPHY2和CsPHY6基因分别在R12和R18时的表达量达最高,其中CsPHY6基因在R18时的表达量显著高于R12时的表达量。在R0～R18时段内茶树鲜叶中的黄酮含量无显著变化(P>0.05),整体呈先下降后上升趋势,在R18时达最高值,在R12时最低值。6个CsPHY基因家族成员中,仅CsPHY6基因与黄酮间呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。【结论】CsPHY基因家族中仅缺少PHYD亚族成员,尽管各成员间功能结构较相似,但表达模式存在明显差异。光照影响茶树叶片中黄酮含量,CsPHY6基因编码的光受体蛋白CsPHY6参与调控茶树叶片中的黄酮含量。
【Objective】By analyzing the bioinformatics of tea phytochrome(PHY)gene(CsPHY)and correlation between its expression and the content of flavonoids in tea plucked at different times,the objective of this study was to provide theoretical references for timely plucking and quality control of tea.【Method】Tea tree CsPHY gene family members were selected from Tea Tree Genome Database(CSA),their bioinformatics were analyzed and phylogenetic tree was constructed through Neighbor-Joining method(NJ). Oolong tea Rougui plucked at different times 0:00(R0),6:00(R6),12:00(R12),18:00(R18)in one day were used as materials,the expression patterns of PHY gene family members at different times were analyzed by real-time fluorescence quantitative(qRT-qPCR). The daily variation of flavonoids in tea was detected by AlCl3 colorimetry,the correlation between relative express levels of CsPHY genes and the content of flavonoids were evaluated by Pearson correlation coefficient.【Result】Six CsPHY gene family members were obtained. The amino acids number of coded protein was 674-1142,the molecular weight was 76126.75-126714.53 Da,the isoelectric point(pI)was 5.74-5.96,and the aliphatic index was 91.11-95.27. CsPHY1 gene belonged to PHYC subfamily,CsPHY2 and CsPHY4 genes belonged to PHYA subfamily,CsPHY3 and CsPHY5 genes belonged to PHYB subfamily,CsPHY6 gene belonged to PHYE subfamily,indicating that CsPHY2 and Cs PHY4 proteins belonged to Phy I type phytochrome,CsPHY1,CsPHY3,CsPHY5 and CsPHY6 proteins belonged to Phy II type phytochrome. The six tea tree CsPHY proteins were closely related to the PHY protein of dicotyledonous plants. Among them,the CsPHY2 protein was closely related to the PHYA subfamily protein of Monotropastrum globosum,and the CsPHY4 protein was closely related to the PHYA subfamily protein of Actinidia deliciosa. CsPHY3 and CsPHY5 proteins were closely related to the PHYB subfamily protein of the A. deliciosa,and CsPHY5 protein was closely related to the PHYB subfamily protein of Vitis vinifera. CsPHY1 protein was closely related to the PHYC subfamily of V. riparia. CsPHY6 protein was closely related to the PHYE subfamily proteins of A. chinensis and V. riparia. The expression levels of CsPHY1,CsPHY3,CsPHY4 and CsPHY5 genes were the highest at R6. The expression levels of CsPHY4 and CsPHY5 genes at R6 were significantly higher than those at other time points(P<0.05,the same below). The highest expression levels of CsPHY2 and CsPHY6 genes were at R12 and R18 respectively,and the expression level of CsPHY6 gene at R18 was significantly higher than that at R12. There was no significant change in the content of flavonoids in fresh tea leaves during the period of R0-R18(P>0.05). The trend of flavonoids content declined first and then upward,reaching the peak at R18 and the lowest at R12. Among the six CsPHY gene family members,only CsPHY6 gene was extremely positively correlated with flavonoids(P<0.01).【Conclusion】Only the PHYD subfamily member is missing from the tea tree CsPHY gene family. Although the functional structures are similar,there are great difference in expression patterns. Light affects the content of flavonoids in tea leaves,and CsPHY6 gene-encoded photoreceptor protein CsPHY6 is involved in the regulation of flavonoids content in tea leaves.
【Objective】By analyzing the bioinformatics of tea phytochrome(PHY)gene(CsPHY)and correlation between its expression and the content of flavonoids in tea plucked at different times,the objective of this study was to provide theoretical references for timely plucking and quality control of tea.【Method】Tea tree CsPHY gene family members were selected from Tea Tree Genome Database(CSA),their bioinformatics were analyzed and phylogenetic tree was constructed through Neighbor-Joining method(NJ). Oolong tea Rougui plucked at different times 0:00(R0),6:00(R6),12:00(R12),18:00(R18)in one day were used as materials,the expression patterns of PHY gene family members at different times were analyzed by real-time fluorescence quantitative(qRT-qPCR). The daily variation of flavonoids in tea was detected by AlCl3 colorimetry,the correlation between relative express levels of CsPHY genes and the content of flavonoids were evaluated by Pearson correlation coefficient.【Result】Six CsPHY gene family members were obtained. The amino acids number of coded protein was 674-1142,the molecular weight was 76126.75-126714.53 Da,the isoelectric point(pI)was 5.74-5.96,and the aliphatic index was 91.11-95.27. CsPHY1 gene belonged to PHYC subfamily,CsPHY2 and CsPHY4 genes belonged to PHYA subfamily,CsPHY3 and CsPHY5 genes belonged to PHYB subfamily,CsPHY6 gene belonged to PHYE subfamily,indicating that CsPHY2 and Cs PHY4 proteins belonged to Phy I type phytochrome,CsPHY1,CsPHY3,CsPHY5 and CsPHY6 proteins belonged to Phy II type phytochrome. The six tea tree CsPHY proteins were closely related to the PHY protein of dicotyledonous plants. Among them,the CsPHY2 protein was closely related to the PHYA subfamily protein of Monotropastrum globosum,and the CsPHY4 protein was closely related to the PHYA subfamily protein of Actinidia deliciosa. CsPHY3 and CsPHY5 proteins were closely related to the PHYB subfamily protein of the A. deliciosa,and CsPHY5 protein was closely related to the PHYB subfamily protein of Vitis vinifera. CsPHY1 protein was closely related to the PHYC subfamily of V. riparia. CsPHY6 protein was closely related to the PHYE subfamily proteins of A. chinensis and V. riparia. The expression levels of CsPHY1,CsPHY3,CsPHY4 and CsPHY5 genes were the highest at R6. The expression levels of CsPHY4 and CsPHY5 genes at R6 were significantly higher than those at other time points(P<0.05,the same below). The highest expression levels of CsPHY2 and CsPHY6 genes were at R12 and R18 respectively,and the expression level of CsPHY6 gene at R18 was significantly higher than that at R12. There was no significant change in the content of flavonoids in fresh tea leaves during the period of R0-R18(P>0.05). The trend of flavonoids content declined first and then upward,reaching the peak at R18 and the lowest at R12. Among the six CsPHY gene family members,only CsPHY6 gene was extremely positively correlated with flavonoids(P<0.01).【Conclusion】Only the PHYD subfamily member is missing from the tea tree CsPHY gene family. Although the functional structures are similar,there are great difference in expression patterns. Light affects the content of flavonoids in tea leaves,and CsPHY6 gene-encoded photoreceptor protein CsPHY6 is involved in the regulation of flavonoids content in tea leaves.
引文
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李建平,杨建平,宋梅芳,苏亮,侯佩,郝晓燕,邵琳,陈果,足木热木,黄全生.2014.拟南芥光敏色素D(AtphyD)在不同光质下的表达特性分析[J].新疆农业科学,51(2):305-310.[Li J P,Yang J P,Song M F,Su L,Hou P,Hao X Y,Shao L,Chen G,Zumuremu,Huang Q S.2014.Differential patterns of expression of the Arabidopsis phytochrome D under different light conditions[J].Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences,51(2):305-310.]
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