一株甲醛降解菌的分离鉴定及降解条件研究
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摘要
从污水处理厂收集的土壤中分离到一株能降解甲醛的菌株,经过形态学分析、生理生化鉴定和16SrDNA序列比对分析,鉴定该菌为Methylobacteriumsp.XJLW.经驯化后,该菌株对甲醛的耐受由0.1g/L提高至1.2g/L.通过单因素实验得到该菌株降解甲醛的优化条件为:酵母膏1g/L,KH2PO40.7g/L,K2HPO40.8g/L,MgSO40.5g/L,温度30℃,pH 7.0.在优化后的条件下,培养52h后,该菌株对1.2g/L甲醛的降解率为31%.此外,该菌株的休止细胞8h后对2,15,30,45,60g/L的甲醛降解率分别为100%,96.8%,84.0%,26.5%,22.5%,具备较高的降解能力.
A formaldehyde-degrading bacterium was isolated from soil of a wastewater treatment plant.Based on the physiological,biochemical test and 16S rDNA sequence analysis results the bacterium was identified as Methylobacterium sp.XJLW.After a period of domestication,the strain tolerance of formaldehyde concentration was up to 1.2 g/L.After single-factor tests,the optimal conditions were determined as follows: yeast extract 1 g/L,KH2PO40.7 g/L,K2HPO4 0.8 g/L,MgSO40.5 g/L,temperature 30 ℃,pH 7.0.Under the best conditions,31% of 1.2 g/L formaldehyde was degraded in 52 h.In addition,the formaldehyde degradation activity of the resting cells of Methylobacterium sp.XJLW was strongly high.When the initial concentration of formaldehyde was 2,15,30,45,60 g / L,the formaldehyde degradation rates were 100%,96.8%,84%,26.5%,22.5% in 8 h,respectively.
A formaldehyde-degrading bacterium was isolated from soil of a wastewater treatment plant.Based on the physiological,biochemical test and 16S rDNA sequence analysis results the bacterium was identified as Methylobacterium sp.XJLW.After a period of domestication,the strain tolerance of formaldehyde concentration was up to 1.2 g/L.After single-factor tests,the optimal conditions were determined as follows: yeast extract 1 g/L,KH2PO40.7 g/L,K2HPO4 0.8 g/L,MgSO40.5 g/L,temperature 30 ℃,pH 7.0.Under the best conditions,31% of 1.2 g/L formaldehyde was degraded in 52 h.In addition,the formaldehyde degradation activity of the resting cells of Methylobacterium sp.XJLW was strongly high.When the initial concentration of formaldehyde was 2,15,30,45,60 g / L,the formaldehyde degradation rates were 100%,96.8%,84%,26.5%,22.5% in 8 h,respectively.
引文
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[2]YURIMOTO H,KATO N,SSKAI Y.Assimilation,dissimi-lation,and detoxification of formaldehyd,a central metabolicintermediate of methylotrophic metabolism[J].Chemical Re-cord,2005,5(6):367-375.
[3]QUAYLE J R,FERENCI T.Evolutionary aspects of autotro-phy[J].Microbiological Research,1987,42(2):251-273.
[4]晁红军,宋修鹏,孙继华.甲基营养菌的研究进展[J].微生物学报,2009,36(11):1727-1737.
[5]黄赛花,陈能场,胡文锋,等.一株甲醛降解真菌Aspergillusspp.H4的分离鉴定[J].生态环境,2007,16(4):1175-1179.
[6]ADROER N,CASAS C,DEMAS C,et al.Mechanism offormaldehyde biodegradation by Pseudomonas putida[J].Ap-plied Microbiology Biotechnology,1990,33(2):217-220.
[7]YAMAZAKI T,TSUGAWA W,SSDE K.Biodegradation offormaldehyde by a formaldehyde-resistant bacterium isolatedfrom seawater[J].Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry,2001,91(3):213-217.
[8]IWAHARA M,FUKUDA R,NAKAHARA K,et al.Isola-tion and properties of Paecilomyces sp.No.5capable of de-grading high concentrations of formaldehyde[J].BiocontrolScience and Technology,2002,7(2):107-110.
[9]沈萍,范秀容,李广武.微生物学实验[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2003.
[10]东秀珠,蔡妙英.常见细菌鉴定手册[M].北京:科学出版社,2001.
[11]徐云,金晶,郑重,等.高活性高耐受甲醛降解菌株的分离鉴定及降解条件研究[J].环境科学,2010,31(10):2481-2486.
[12]TETSUYA K,YUTAKA M,NAOHIRO H,et al.Purifica-tion and characterization of formate oxidase from a formalde-hyde-resistant fungus[J].FEMS Microbiology Letters,2002,214:137-142.
[13]RYOJI M,MASAHIRO O,HIDEAKI K,et al.Formalde-hyde-limited cultivation of a newly isolated methylotrophicbacterium,Methylobacterium sp.MF1:enzymatic analysisrelated to C1metabolism[J].Journal of Bioscience and Bioen-gineering,2005,99(1):18-22.
[14]SAEED M,AFSANEH R,POONEH K,et al.Isolation ofbacteria able to metabolize high concentrations of formalde-hyde[J].World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology,2005,21:1299-1301.
[15]肖波,谭周亮,刘庆华,等.高效甲醛降解菌处理突发污染事故研究[J].应用与环境生物学报,2011,17(1):114-117.