太平沟断裂的新发现与1963年黑龙江萝北5.8级地震的关系研究
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摘要
黑龙江省萝北地区是东北现代地震活动最为活跃的地区之一,中小地震密集成带分布,曾于1963年发生5.8级地震,但其发震构造一直不清楚。精定位后的震中分布图像和震源机制解研究结果表明,现代地震总体呈NEE方向密集分布于黑龙江小兴安岭山前太平沟一带,地震类型以右旋走滑为主。通过高分辨率的卫星影像解译结果发现太平沟一带发育一条长约25km,走向约N70oE的线性异常带。野外地表调查发现该线性异常表现为断续分布的断裂陡坎、冲沟位错和滑坡。陡坎走向约N65oE—N75oE,倾向SE,高约1.0—2.5m;滑坡发育有典型的弧形圈椅构造,规模大小不等,多与断裂陡坎伴生。综合现代地震活动图像、卫星影像解译、野外地质调查结果,特别是结合2013年11月和2014年2月该地区的2次小震活动及现代地震活动的空间图像分布特征,研究认为太平沟断裂属于依兰-伊通断裂带的分支断裂,晚第四纪期间曾经强烈活动,具备中强地震的发震能力,可能是萝北1963年5.8级地震的发震构造。
Luobei County is one of the most active areas of modern seismic activity in northeast China in recent years. Medium and small earthquake distributed intensively zonal in this region, and was hit by a M5.8 earthquake on June 21, 1963, and the seismogenic structure of which is still in dispute. The relocated epicenter distribution map and focal mechanism solution show that these events mainly distributed in the Taipinggou area with a narrow NEE strike strip, and earthquake types is given priority to dextral strike-slip with small amounts of thrust component. Satellite imagery interpretation results indicate that there exists a ~ 25 km linear anomaly belt with N70oE strike in the Taipinggou area of Xiaoxing'anling Mountains piedmont. Further field geological investigation found that the belt consists of discontinues fault scarps, dislocated gullies and landslides. The heights of fault scarps vary from 1.0m to 2.5m. The fault scarps also show that the fault strikes N65oE—N75oE, dipping SE, with clear right-lateral slip movements implicated by the dislocated gullies. The Arc round-backed armchair structure developed companied with the scarps has different height ranging from several to dozens of meters. We suggest that the Taipinggou fault, as the associated structure of the Yilan-Yitong fault zone, has the potential pregnant ability of moderately to strong earthquakes, and might be regarded as seismogenic structure of the 1963 Luobei M 5.8 earthquake based on the synthesized the seismology and satellite image interpretation and field geological investigation results.
Luobei County is one of the most active areas of modern seismic activity in northeast China in recent years. Medium and small earthquake distributed intensively zonal in this region, and was hit by a M5.8 earthquake on June 21, 1963, and the seismogenic structure of which is still in dispute. The relocated epicenter distribution map and focal mechanism solution show that these events mainly distributed in the Taipinggou area with a narrow NEE strike strip, and earthquake types is given priority to dextral strike-slip with small amounts of thrust component. Satellite imagery interpretation results indicate that there exists a ~ 25 km linear anomaly belt with N70oE strike in the Taipinggou area of Xiaoxing'anling Mountains piedmont. Further field geological investigation found that the belt consists of discontinues fault scarps, dislocated gullies and landslides. The heights of fault scarps vary from 1.0m to 2.5m. The fault scarps also show that the fault strikes N65oE—N75oE, dipping SE, with clear right-lateral slip movements implicated by the dislocated gullies. The Arc round-backed armchair structure developed companied with the scarps has different height ranging from several to dozens of meters. We suggest that the Taipinggou fault, as the associated structure of the Yilan-Yitong fault zone, has the potential pregnant ability of moderately to strong earthquakes, and might be regarded as seismogenic structure of the 1963 Luobei M 5.8 earthquake based on the synthesized the seismology and satellite image interpretation and field geological investigation results.
引文
邓起东,于贵华,叶文华,1992.地震地表破裂参数与震级关系的研究//国家地震局地质研究所编.活动断裂研究(2).北京:地震出版社.
董瑞树,冉洪流,高铮,1993.中国大陆地震震级和地震活动断层长度的关系讨论.地震地质,15(4):395-400.
郭德明,朱景湖,1977.1963年6月21日萝北5.8级地震考察报告.黑龙江省地震局办公室.
郭德明,1986.依兰萝北地堑盆地地震地质特征的初步探讨.东北地震研究,2(1):49-60.
郭德明,孙文斌,1993.黑龙江省十年地震危险性评估.地震,(6):61-64.
郭德明,方明远,曲家志等,2000.黑龙江沿岸(萝北-黑河段)地区新构造活动与地震.东北地震研究,16(3):38-43.
郭德明,2004.依兰-萝北地区地震危险区地震活动跟踪研究.东北地震研究,20(3):8-16.
环文林,2000.发震断层最大潜在地震确定方法的研究.中国地震学会第八次学术大会论文摘要集.
马杏垣,1989.中国岩石圈动力学地图集.北京:中国地图出版社.
闵伟,焦德成,周本刚等,2011.依兰-伊通断裂全新世活动的新发现及其意义.地震地质,33(1):141-150.
冉洪流,2011.中国西部走滑型活动断裂的地震破裂参数与震级的经验关系.地震地质,33(3):577-585.
疏鹏,闵伟,刘玉刚,余中元,2014.依兰-伊通断裂方正段晚第四纪以来的构造活动及其地貌表现.震灾防御技术,9(2):226-237.
孙文斌,和跃时,2004a.中国东北地区地震活动特征及其与日本海板块俯冲的关系.地震地质,26(1):122-132.
孙文斌,和跃时,2004b.西太平洋Benioff带的形态及其应力状态.地球物理学报,47(3):433-440.
孙文斌,王晓峰,常征等,2005.我国东北地区地震时空演变特征及其动力学研究.东北地震研究,21(2):1-8.
徐嘉炜,马国锋,1992.郯庐断裂带研究的十年回顾.地质论评,38(4):316-324.
叶士忠,1989.苏联新构造研究的进展及现状.地质科技情报,8(2):53-58.
余中元,韦庆海,疏鹏,李文彬,刘双,2014a.依兰-伊通断裂依兰段的新活动特征及其构造演化.震灾防御技术,9(3):384-399.
余中元,韦庆海,王丽梅,马艳丽,张立忱,欧阳兆国,2014b.拟建哈-佳铁路工程地震安评抗断参数研究--以依兰-伊通断裂为例.震灾防御技术,9(1):53-63.
张凤鸣,许晓艳,刘铁军等,2005a.应用震源机制解分析依兰-伊通地堑北段现代构造应力场.东北地震研究,21(4):15-22.
张凤鸣,余中元,许晓艳等,2005b.鹤岗煤矿开采诱发地震研究.自然灾害学报,14(1):139-143.
张立人,1993.强震群体活动转移特征及预测.地震,1:21-25.
张培震,邓起东,张国民等,2003.中国大陆的强震活动与活动地块.中国科学(D辑:地球科学),33(S1):12-20.
郑照福,于恩影,2006.依兰-伊通地堑断裂北段地震活动的某些特征探讨.东北地震研究,22(1):26-31.
郑照福,2006.依兰-伊通断裂北段地震活动性研究.地震地磁观测与研究,27(s):1-5.
董瑞树,冉洪流,高铮,1993.中国大陆地震震级和地震活动断层长度的关系讨论.地震地质,15(4):395-400.
郭德明,朱景湖,1977.1963年6月21日萝北5.8级地震考察报告.黑龙江省地震局办公室.
郭德明,1986.依兰萝北地堑盆地地震地质特征的初步探讨.东北地震研究,2(1):49-60.
郭德明,孙文斌,1993.黑龙江省十年地震危险性评估.地震,(6):61-64.
郭德明,方明远,曲家志等,2000.黑龙江沿岸(萝北-黑河段)地区新构造活动与地震.东北地震研究,16(3):38-43.
郭德明,2004.依兰-萝北地区地震危险区地震活动跟踪研究.东北地震研究,20(3):8-16.
环文林,2000.发震断层最大潜在地震确定方法的研究.中国地震学会第八次学术大会论文摘要集.
马杏垣,1989.中国岩石圈动力学地图集.北京:中国地图出版社.
闵伟,焦德成,周本刚等,2011.依兰-伊通断裂全新世活动的新发现及其意义.地震地质,33(1):141-150.
冉洪流,2011.中国西部走滑型活动断裂的地震破裂参数与震级的经验关系.地震地质,33(3):577-585.
疏鹏,闵伟,刘玉刚,余中元,2014.依兰-伊通断裂方正段晚第四纪以来的构造活动及其地貌表现.震灾防御技术,9(2):226-237.
孙文斌,和跃时,2004a.中国东北地区地震活动特征及其与日本海板块俯冲的关系.地震地质,26(1):122-132.
孙文斌,和跃时,2004b.西太平洋Benioff带的形态及其应力状态.地球物理学报,47(3):433-440.
孙文斌,王晓峰,常征等,2005.我国东北地区地震时空演变特征及其动力学研究.东北地震研究,21(2):1-8.
徐嘉炜,马国锋,1992.郯庐断裂带研究的十年回顾.地质论评,38(4):316-324.
叶士忠,1989.苏联新构造研究的进展及现状.地质科技情报,8(2):53-58.
余中元,韦庆海,疏鹏,李文彬,刘双,2014a.依兰-伊通断裂依兰段的新活动特征及其构造演化.震灾防御技术,9(3):384-399.
余中元,韦庆海,王丽梅,马艳丽,张立忱,欧阳兆国,2014b.拟建哈-佳铁路工程地震安评抗断参数研究--以依兰-伊通断裂为例.震灾防御技术,9(1):53-63.
张凤鸣,许晓艳,刘铁军等,2005a.应用震源机制解分析依兰-伊通地堑北段现代构造应力场.东北地震研究,21(4):15-22.
张凤鸣,余中元,许晓艳等,2005b.鹤岗煤矿开采诱发地震研究.自然灾害学报,14(1):139-143.
张立人,1993.强震群体活动转移特征及预测.地震,1:21-25.
张培震,邓起东,张国民等,2003.中国大陆的强震活动与活动地块.中国科学(D辑:地球科学),33(S1):12-20.
郑照福,于恩影,2006.依兰-伊通地堑断裂北段地震活动的某些特征探讨.东北地震研究,22(1):26-31.
郑照福,2006.依兰-伊通断裂北段地震活动性研究.地震地磁观测与研究,27(s):1-5.