底水气藏气井水锥动态模拟及见水时间预测
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摘要
国内外底水气藏开发实践中,底水锥进展核心问题,准确的见水时间预测,对于底水气藏开发具有重大意义。为解决底水气藏开发实践中存在的水锥动态难模拟、见水时间难预测等问题,基于底水气藏开发实践中射孔方案形成的3种渗流型态,建立了底水气藏气井渗流模型并推导了底水气藏气井的水锥动态模型及见水时间预测公式,综合考虑了气体非达西效应、表皮系数、原始束缚水饱和度、原始含气饱和度等因素对于见水时间的影响。实例研究结果表明,利用推导的公式进行气井水锥动态模拟及见水时间预测的结果符合气井的实际生产状况。研究成果对水驱气藏气井的配产具有现实意义,可有效指导底水气藏气井的科学开发。
In the development practice of the bottom-water gas reservoir at home and abroad,the bottom-water coring is the key problem,so the accurate prediction of the water breakthrough time possess the great significance for the reservoir development. For solving the problems of the difficulties in the coning dynamics and breakthrough time prediction and so on in the reservoir development,based on three kinds of the flow types and states formed in the perforation programs of the bottom-water gas reservoir,the flow model was established for the gas well in the reservoir and moreover the water-coning dynamic model and the predicting formula of the water breakthrough time for gas wells in the bottom-water gas reservoirs were deduced,the influences of the non-Darcy effect,skin coefficient/factor,initial irreducible water saturation,initial gas saturation and so forth on the water breakthrough time were comprehensively taken into account. The study results of the actual case show that with the help of the deduced formula,the coning dynamic model of the gas well and the predicted results of the water breakthrough time are accordant with the actual production conditions of the gas well. The research results possess a certain practical significance for the production allocation of the gas wells in the water-driven gas reservoirs,and moreover can effectively guide the scientific development of the gas well in the bottom-water gas reservoirs.
In the development practice of the bottom-water gas reservoir at home and abroad,the bottom-water coring is the key problem,so the accurate prediction of the water breakthrough time possess the great significance for the reservoir development. For solving the problems of the difficulties in the coning dynamics and breakthrough time prediction and so on in the reservoir development,based on three kinds of the flow types and states formed in the perforation programs of the bottom-water gas reservoir,the flow model was established for the gas well in the reservoir and moreover the water-coning dynamic model and the predicting formula of the water breakthrough time for gas wells in the bottom-water gas reservoirs were deduced,the influences of the non-Darcy effect,skin coefficient/factor,initial irreducible water saturation,initial gas saturation and so forth on the water breakthrough time were comprehensively taken into account. The study results of the actual case show that with the help of the deduced formula,the coning dynamic model of the gas well and the predicted results of the water breakthrough time are accordant with the actual production conditions of the gas well. The research results possess a certain practical significance for the production allocation of the gas wells in the water-driven gas reservoirs,and moreover can effectively guide the scientific development of the gas well in the bottom-water gas reservoirs.
引文
[1] MUSTKAT M,WYCKOFF R D. An approximate theory of water coning in oil production[J]. Transactions of the Aime,1935,114(1):144-163.
[2] MEYER H I,GARDER A O. Mechanics of two immiscible fluids in porous media[J]. Journal of Applied Physics, 1954, 25(11):1400-1406.
[3] SCHOLS R S. An empircal formula for the critical oil production rate[J]. Erdoel Erdgas,1972,88(1):6-11.
[4] CHAPERON I. Theoretical study of coning toward horizontal and vertical wells in anisotropic formations:Subcritical and critical rates[R]. SPE 15377,1986.
[5] ABASS H H,BASS D M. The critical production rate in water coning system[R]. SPE 17311,1988.
[6]李元生,李相方,藤赛男,等.近井地带高速非达西动边界对产能预测的影响[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2015,37(1):128-134.LI Yuansheng,LI Xiangfang,TENG Sainan,et al. Effect of nonDarcy flow moving boundary of high velocity nearby well-bore on productivity prediction[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science&Technology Edition),2015,37(1):128-134.
[7]杨筱璧,李祖友,鲁敏蘅,等.高速非达西流气井产能方程的新形式[J].特种油气藏,2008,15(5):74-75.YANG Xiaobi,LI Zuyou,LU Minheng,et al. New deliverability equation for gas wells with high velocity non-Darcy flow[J]. Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,2008,15(5):74-75.
[8]张烈辉,朱水桥,王坤,等.高速气体非达西渗流数学模型[J].新疆石油地质,2004,25(2):165-167.ZHANG Liehui,ZHU Shuiqiao,WANG kun,et al. A mathematic model for non-Darcy flow at high flow rate[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2004,25(2):165-167.
[9]张庆辉,李相方,袁海菊,等.考虑非达西的半球面流气井产能公式推导[J].油气藏评价与开发,2011,1(5):1-4.ZHANG Qinghui, LI Xiangfang, YUAN Haiju, et al.Deliverability equation derivation of semi-spherical flow gas wells considering non-Darcy flow[J]. Reservoir Evaluation and Development,2011,1(5):1-4.
[10]李传亮.油藏工程原理[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2017.LI Chuanliang. Fundamentals of reservoir engineering[M]. Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2017.
[11]王会强,李晓平,杨琪,等.底水气藏见水时间预测方法[J].新疆石油地质,2007,28(1):92-93.WANG Huiqiang,LI Xiaoping,YANG Qi,et al. A prediction of water breakthrough time in gas reservoirs with bottom water[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2007,28(1):92-93.
[12]朱圣举.预测无隔板底水油藏油井见水时间的修正式[J].新疆石油地质,1999,20(1):56-57.ZHU Shengju. A modified formula for predicting water breakthrough time of oil well in a bottom water reservoir with no barrier[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 1999, 20(1):56-57.
[13]唐人选.底水油藏水锥动态模拟及见水时间预测[J].新疆石油地质,2003,24(6):572-573.TANG Renxuan. Simulation of water coning performance and prediction of water breakthrough time in bottom-water reservoirs[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2003,24(6):572-573.
[14]黄全华,陆云,付云辉,等.考虑非达西效应的底水气藏见水时间预测方法[J].科学技术与工程,2016,16(14):137-140.HUANG Quanhua,LU Yun,FU Yunhui,et al. An approach to predict water breakthrough time of gas reservoirs with bottom water in consideration of Non-Darcy flow[J]. Science Technology and Engineering,2016,16(14):137-140.
[15]陆云.底水气藏底水锥进及隔板控水措施研究[D].成都:西南石油大学,2017.LU Yun. Research on water coning and water controlling measures with barrier of bottom water gas reservoir[D]. Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum University,2017.
[16]高东升,张辉,雷霄,等.基于聚类差异分析的边底水气藏产水预测新方法[J].特种油气藏, 2017, 24(3):110-113.GAO Dongsheng,ZHANG Hui,LEI Xiao,et al. A new method of predicting water production in gas reservoirs with edge and bottom water based on clustering difference analysis[J]. Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,2017,24(3):110-113.
[17]何吉祥,姜瑞忠,毛瑜,等.致密气藏气水两相压裂水平井产能计算方法[J].岩性油气藏,2017,29(4):154-161.HE Jixiang,JIANG Ruizhong,MAO Yu,et al. Productivity calculation method for gas-water two phase fractured horizontal wells in tight gas reservoir[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2017, 29(4):154-161.
[18]黄全华,童凯,陈冲,等.厚层气藏气井拟稳态产能研究[J].岩性油气藏,2017,29(6):148-153.HUANG Quanhua, TONG Kai, CHEN Chong,et al. Pseudosteady state deliverability for gas wells in thick gas reservoirs[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs,2017,29(6):148-153.
[19]汤连东,陈小凡,孙兆鑫,等.考虑应力敏感的低渗透底水油藏见水时间预测[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2017,36(3):60-63.TANG Liandong,CHEN Xiaofan,SUN Zhaoxin,et al. Prediction of the water breakthrough time for the low-permeability oil reservoir considering the stress sensitivity[J]. Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2017,36(3):60-63.
[20]刘志宏,汤连东,陈小凡,等.低渗倾斜边水油藏水平井见水时间预测[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2017,36(5):87-92.LIU Zhihong, TANG Liandong, CHEN Xiaofan,et al. Water breakthrough time prediction for the horizontal well in low-permeability inclined edge-water oil reservoirs[J]. Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2017,36(5):87-92.
[21]田中敬,赵隆顺,高广亮,等.复杂断块底水油藏含水上升规律[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2017,36(3):56-59.TIAN Zhongjing,ZHAO Longshun,GAO Guangliang,et al. Watercut rising rules of the complex fault-lock oil reservoirs with the bottom water[J]. Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2017,36(3):56-59.
[22]侯亚伟.基于动态数据的底水油藏水平井水脊增长模型[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2018,37(2):79-82.HOU Yawei. Growth model of the horizontal-well water crest in the bottom-water oil reservoir based on the dynamic data[J]. Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2018,37(2):79-82.
[23]李元生,杨志兴,伍锐东,等.考虑反凝析影响的边水凝析气藏见水时间预测模型[J].特种油气藏,2017,24(5):107-110.LI Yuansheng,YANG Zhixing,Wu Ruidong,et al. Prediction model for water breakthrough time in gas condensate reservoirs with edge water considering retrograde condensate impact[J]. Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,2017,24(5):107-110.
[24]明瑞卿,贺会群,胡强法,等.边水凝析气藏高产井见水时间预测新模型[J].特种油气藏,2018,25(2):76-79.MING Ruiqing,HE Huiqun,HU Qiangfa,et al. A new model to predict the water breakthrough time of high-rate well in condensate gas reservoir with edge-aquifer[J]. Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,2018,25(2):76-79.
[25]黄全华,陆云,陈冲.带隔板底水气藏见水时间预测方法[J].岩性油气藏,2016,28(4):82-87.HUANG Quanhua,LU Yun, CHEN Chong. Prediction of water breakthrough time for bottom-water gas reservoir with barrier[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2016,28(4):82-87.
[26]李士伦.天然气工程[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2013.LI Shilun. Natural gas engineering[M]. Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2013.
[2] MEYER H I,GARDER A O. Mechanics of two immiscible fluids in porous media[J]. Journal of Applied Physics, 1954, 25(11):1400-1406.
[3] SCHOLS R S. An empircal formula for the critical oil production rate[J]. Erdoel Erdgas,1972,88(1):6-11.
[4] CHAPERON I. Theoretical study of coning toward horizontal and vertical wells in anisotropic formations:Subcritical and critical rates[R]. SPE 15377,1986.
[5] ABASS H H,BASS D M. The critical production rate in water coning system[R]. SPE 17311,1988.
[6]李元生,李相方,藤赛男,等.近井地带高速非达西动边界对产能预测的影响[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2015,37(1):128-134.LI Yuansheng,LI Xiangfang,TENG Sainan,et al. Effect of nonDarcy flow moving boundary of high velocity nearby well-bore on productivity prediction[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science&Technology Edition),2015,37(1):128-134.
[7]杨筱璧,李祖友,鲁敏蘅,等.高速非达西流气井产能方程的新形式[J].特种油气藏,2008,15(5):74-75.YANG Xiaobi,LI Zuyou,LU Minheng,et al. New deliverability equation for gas wells with high velocity non-Darcy flow[J]. Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,2008,15(5):74-75.
[8]张烈辉,朱水桥,王坤,等.高速气体非达西渗流数学模型[J].新疆石油地质,2004,25(2):165-167.ZHANG Liehui,ZHU Shuiqiao,WANG kun,et al. A mathematic model for non-Darcy flow at high flow rate[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2004,25(2):165-167.
[9]张庆辉,李相方,袁海菊,等.考虑非达西的半球面流气井产能公式推导[J].油气藏评价与开发,2011,1(5):1-4.ZHANG Qinghui, LI Xiangfang, YUAN Haiju, et al.Deliverability equation derivation of semi-spherical flow gas wells considering non-Darcy flow[J]. Reservoir Evaluation and Development,2011,1(5):1-4.
[10]李传亮.油藏工程原理[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2017.LI Chuanliang. Fundamentals of reservoir engineering[M]. Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2017.
[11]王会强,李晓平,杨琪,等.底水气藏见水时间预测方法[J].新疆石油地质,2007,28(1):92-93.WANG Huiqiang,LI Xiaoping,YANG Qi,et al. A prediction of water breakthrough time in gas reservoirs with bottom water[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2007,28(1):92-93.
[12]朱圣举.预测无隔板底水油藏油井见水时间的修正式[J].新疆石油地质,1999,20(1):56-57.ZHU Shengju. A modified formula for predicting water breakthrough time of oil well in a bottom water reservoir with no barrier[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 1999, 20(1):56-57.
[13]唐人选.底水油藏水锥动态模拟及见水时间预测[J].新疆石油地质,2003,24(6):572-573.TANG Renxuan. Simulation of water coning performance and prediction of water breakthrough time in bottom-water reservoirs[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2003,24(6):572-573.
[14]黄全华,陆云,付云辉,等.考虑非达西效应的底水气藏见水时间预测方法[J].科学技术与工程,2016,16(14):137-140.HUANG Quanhua,LU Yun,FU Yunhui,et al. An approach to predict water breakthrough time of gas reservoirs with bottom water in consideration of Non-Darcy flow[J]. Science Technology and Engineering,2016,16(14):137-140.
[15]陆云.底水气藏底水锥进及隔板控水措施研究[D].成都:西南石油大学,2017.LU Yun. Research on water coning and water controlling measures with barrier of bottom water gas reservoir[D]. Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum University,2017.
[16]高东升,张辉,雷霄,等.基于聚类差异分析的边底水气藏产水预测新方法[J].特种油气藏, 2017, 24(3):110-113.GAO Dongsheng,ZHANG Hui,LEI Xiao,et al. A new method of predicting water production in gas reservoirs with edge and bottom water based on clustering difference analysis[J]. Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,2017,24(3):110-113.
[17]何吉祥,姜瑞忠,毛瑜,等.致密气藏气水两相压裂水平井产能计算方法[J].岩性油气藏,2017,29(4):154-161.HE Jixiang,JIANG Ruizhong,MAO Yu,et al. Productivity calculation method for gas-water two phase fractured horizontal wells in tight gas reservoir[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2017, 29(4):154-161.
[18]黄全华,童凯,陈冲,等.厚层气藏气井拟稳态产能研究[J].岩性油气藏,2017,29(6):148-153.HUANG Quanhua, TONG Kai, CHEN Chong,et al. Pseudosteady state deliverability for gas wells in thick gas reservoirs[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs,2017,29(6):148-153.
[19]汤连东,陈小凡,孙兆鑫,等.考虑应力敏感的低渗透底水油藏见水时间预测[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2017,36(3):60-63.TANG Liandong,CHEN Xiaofan,SUN Zhaoxin,et al. Prediction of the water breakthrough time for the low-permeability oil reservoir considering the stress sensitivity[J]. Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2017,36(3):60-63.
[20]刘志宏,汤连东,陈小凡,等.低渗倾斜边水油藏水平井见水时间预测[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2017,36(5):87-92.LIU Zhihong, TANG Liandong, CHEN Xiaofan,et al. Water breakthrough time prediction for the horizontal well in low-permeability inclined edge-water oil reservoirs[J]. Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2017,36(5):87-92.
[21]田中敬,赵隆顺,高广亮,等.复杂断块底水油藏含水上升规律[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2017,36(3):56-59.TIAN Zhongjing,ZHAO Longshun,GAO Guangliang,et al. Watercut rising rules of the complex fault-lock oil reservoirs with the bottom water[J]. Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2017,36(3):56-59.
[22]侯亚伟.基于动态数据的底水油藏水平井水脊增长模型[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2018,37(2):79-82.HOU Yawei. Growth model of the horizontal-well water crest in the bottom-water oil reservoir based on the dynamic data[J]. Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2018,37(2):79-82.
[23]李元生,杨志兴,伍锐东,等.考虑反凝析影响的边水凝析气藏见水时间预测模型[J].特种油气藏,2017,24(5):107-110.LI Yuansheng,YANG Zhixing,Wu Ruidong,et al. Prediction model for water breakthrough time in gas condensate reservoirs with edge water considering retrograde condensate impact[J]. Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,2017,24(5):107-110.
[24]明瑞卿,贺会群,胡强法,等.边水凝析气藏高产井见水时间预测新模型[J].特种油气藏,2018,25(2):76-79.MING Ruiqing,HE Huiqun,HU Qiangfa,et al. A new model to predict the water breakthrough time of high-rate well in condensate gas reservoir with edge-aquifer[J]. Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,2018,25(2):76-79.
[25]黄全华,陆云,陈冲.带隔板底水气藏见水时间预测方法[J].岩性油气藏,2016,28(4):82-87.HUANG Quanhua,LU Yun, CHEN Chong. Prediction of water breakthrough time for bottom-water gas reservoir with barrier[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2016,28(4):82-87.
[26]李士伦.天然气工程[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2013.LI Shilun. Natural gas engineering[M]. Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2013.