不同大麦品种(系)产量相关性状的杂交优势及配合力研究
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摘要
为了解我国不同大麦品种(系)产量相关性状的杂种优势及配合力,以我国不同产区的17份大麦品种(系)及其按NCⅡ设计配制的72个杂交F1为材料,考察其两年度株高、穗下节间长、穗长、单株穗数、穗粒数、千粒重、单株粒重等产量相关性状的表现,分析各性状的杂交优势与配合力。结果表明,株高正向中亲优势(MPH)与超亲优势(HPH)组合比例最高,两年分别为1.00、1.00与0.97、0.95,其次为穗下节间长、穗长及千粒重;穗粒数与单株穗数的MPH与HPH变幅较大,其次是单株粒重与千粒重。株高的一般配合力(GCA)与特殊配合力(SCA)的效应值和变异最大,其次是穗粒数与千粒重,穗下节间长、穗长、单株穗数及单株粒重相对较小。被测性状F1表型与GCA及SCA均呈显著或极显著正相关。本研究可为我国不同产区大麦品种间的杂交育种及亲本选配提供参考依据。
Seventeen representative barley cultivars(lines)were chosen from different barley production areas in China and crossed according to NCⅡ panel to form 72 F1 hybrids to analyze the heterosis and combining ability performance for seven agronomic traits.The study was conducted through two growing seasons to investigate the traits including plant height(PH),internode length below spike(ILBS),spike length(SL),number of spike per plant(NSP),grain number per spike(GNPS),thousand kernel weight(TKW)and grain weight per plant(GWP).The results showed PH ranked first among traits for the positive combination ratios of mid-parent heterosis(MPH)and high-parent heterosis(HPH)with the values of 1.00 and 1.00,0.97 and 0.95,respectively through the two growing seasons,followed by ILBS,SL and TKW.Both MPH and HPH varied more obviously in GNPS and NSP,followed by GWP and TKW.As to the value and variation in general combining ability(GCA)and special combining ability(SCA),the most obvious variation was in PH,followed by GNPS and TKW,while relatively little changes were in ILBS,SL,NSP and GWP.F1 performance was significantly positive with GCA and SCA for most of the traits.This study provides a theoretical basis for parent matching in barley breeding programmes.
Seventeen representative barley cultivars(lines)were chosen from different barley production areas in China and crossed according to NCⅡ panel to form 72 F1 hybrids to analyze the heterosis and combining ability performance for seven agronomic traits.The study was conducted through two growing seasons to investigate the traits including plant height(PH),internode length below spike(ILBS),spike length(SL),number of spike per plant(NSP),grain number per spike(GNPS),thousand kernel weight(TKW)and grain weight per plant(GWP).The results showed PH ranked first among traits for the positive combination ratios of mid-parent heterosis(MPH)and high-parent heterosis(HPH)with the values of 1.00 and 1.00,0.97 and 0.95,respectively through the two growing seasons,followed by ILBS,SL and TKW.Both MPH and HPH varied more obviously in GNPS and NSP,followed by GWP and TKW.As to the value and variation in general combining ability(GCA)and special combining ability(SCA),the most obvious variation was in PH,followed by GNPS and TKW,while relatively little changes were in ILBS,SL,NSP and GWP.F1 performance was significantly positive with GCA and SCA for most of the traits.This study provides a theoretical basis for parent matching in barley breeding programmes.
引文
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[19]许如根,吕超,祝丽,等.大麦杂种优势利用研究Ⅰ.F1杂种的离中亲优势和超优亲优势[J].作物学报,2004,30(7):671.XU R G,LV C,ZHU L,et al.Studies on the heterosis of barley(Hordeum vulgare L.)Ⅰ.superiority of hybrid F1from mid-parent or over better-parent[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2004,30(7):671.
[20]史秀秀,毕晓静,马守才,等.黄淮麦区杂交小麦亲本的杂种优势和配合力分析[J].麦类作物学报,2013,33(6):1113.SHI X X,BI X J,MA S C,et al.Combining ability and heterosis in hybrid wheat of parents from Huang-Huai wheat production area[J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2013,33(6):1113.
[21]CIULCA A,MADOSA E,GIANCARLA V,et al.Combining ability for some grains morphological traits in winter barley[J].Journal of Horticulture,Forestry and Biotechnology,2015,19(3):69.
[2]王智权,肖宇龙,王晓玲,等.水稻杂种优势利用的研究进展[J].江西农业学报,2013,25(6):23.WANG Z Q,XIAO Y L,WANG X L,et al.Research advances in rice heterosis utilization[J].Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi,2013,25(6):23.
[3]王辉,张宏军,吴险峰,等.作物杂种优势遗传研究进展[J].安徽农业大学学报,2010,37(1):16.WANG H,ZHANG H J,WU X F,et al.Progress in genetics of crop heterosis[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural University,2010,37(1):16.
[4]AHOKAS H.Cytoplasmic male sterility in barley[J].Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica,1979,29(3):219.
[5]LONGIN C F H,MUHLEISEN J,MAURER H P,et al.Hybrid breeding in autogamous cereals[J].Theoretical and Applied Genetics,2002,125(6):1087.
[6]许如根,吕超,缪丽霞,等.大麦杂种优势利用研究Ⅲ大麦异棱型和同棱型F1杂种的杂种优势特征[J].作物学报,2005,31(12):1540.XU R G,LV C,MIU L X,et al.Studies on the heterosis of barley(Hordeum vulgare L.)ⅢCharacteristics of hybrid F1superiority in the homo-and hetero-row mating groups[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2005,31(12):1540.
[7]SPRAGUE G F,TATUM L A.General vs specific combining ability in single crosses of corn[J].Journal of American Society of Agronomy,1942,34:923.
[8]李洪涛,王军,张灿宏,等.大麦株高及其构成因素的杂种优势和配合力分析[J].浙江农业学报,2015,27(2):144.LI H T,WANG J,ZHANG C H,et al.Heterosis and combining ability of plant height and its components of barley[J].Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis,2015,27(2):144.
[9]兰国防,李洪涛,林参,等.大麦开颖角度的配合力及其稳定性分析[J].麦类作物学报,2014,34(1):50.LAN G F,LI H T,LIN S,et al.Analysis of combining ability and genetic stability of glume-opening angle in barley[J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2014,34(1):50.
[10]POTLA K R,BORNARE S S,PRASAD L C,et al.Study of heterosis and combining ability for yield and yield contributing traits in barley(Hordeum vulgare L.)[J].The Bioscan,2013,8(4):1233.
[11]SINGH B,SHARMA A,JOSHI N,et al.Combining ability analysis for grain yield and its components in malt barley(Hordeum vulgare)[J].Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2013,83(1):97.
[12]SINGH A K,PAWAR K K.Combining ability analysis for grain yield and its attributing traits in barley[J].International Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine,2013,1(2):84.
[13]MADAKEMOHEKAR A H,PRASAD L C,LAL J P,et al.Study of heterosis and combining ability in exotic and indigenous crosses of barley(Hordeum vulgare L.)under rainfed environment[J].The Bioscan,2015,10(2):755.
[14]ZHANG X,L L,L C,et al.Combining ability of different agronomic traits and yield components in hybrid barley[J].PLoS ONE,10(6):e0126828.
[15]陈晓东,赵斌,季昌好,等.大麦农艺性状的杂种优势与配合力分析[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(36):71.CHEN X D,ZHAO B,JI C H,et al.Analysis on heterosis and combining ability of agronomic traits in hybrid barley[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2014,30(36):71.
[16]KIM H S,KIM J G,BAEK S B,et al.Estimation of genetic distance and its predictability of F1 hybrid performance in barley[J].Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology,2010,13(1):50.
[17]SAS INSTITUTION.SAS/ASSIST 9.1:Administrator's guide[M].USA:SAS Press,2004:69.
[18]张新忠,吕亮杰,吕超,等.大麦农艺性状与产量性状的杂种优势分析[J].麦类作物学报,2013,33(1):41.ZHANG X Z,L L J,L C,et al.Analysis on heterosis in agronomic and yield traits of hybrid barley[J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2013,33(1):41.
[19]许如根,吕超,祝丽,等.大麦杂种优势利用研究Ⅰ.F1杂种的离中亲优势和超优亲优势[J].作物学报,2004,30(7):671.XU R G,LV C,ZHU L,et al.Studies on the heterosis of barley(Hordeum vulgare L.)Ⅰ.superiority of hybrid F1from mid-parent or over better-parent[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2004,30(7):671.
[20]史秀秀,毕晓静,马守才,等.黄淮麦区杂交小麦亲本的杂种优势和配合力分析[J].麦类作物学报,2013,33(6):1113.SHI X X,BI X J,MA S C,et al.Combining ability and heterosis in hybrid wheat of parents from Huang-Huai wheat production area[J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2013,33(6):1113.
[21]CIULCA A,MADOSA E,GIANCARLA V,et al.Combining ability for some grains morphological traits in winter barley[J].Journal of Horticulture,Forestry and Biotechnology,2015,19(3):69.