高寒区不同燕麦品种(系)表型性状和茎秆力学特征与抗倒伏性的关系研究
|
摘要
为明确不同燕麦品种(系)间抗倒伏能力差异及其原因,在青藏高原高寒地区对选育的I-D品系及父本(青海甜燕麦)、母本(青海444),以抗倒伏较强的林纳和抗倒伏较弱的青引1号燕麦为对照,在开花期和乳熟期开展了表型性状、器官鲜重和茎秆力学特征等指标与抗倒伏性间的相关关系研究,找出影响燕麦倒伏的主要性状,探明燕麦抗倒伏评价的主要指标,为今后抗倒伏型燕麦品种选育及相关研究提供理论依据。结果表明,5个燕麦品种(系)乳熟期抗倒性强弱依次为林纳>I-D品系>青海甜燕麦>青海444>青引1号。相关分析表明,倒伏指数、表观倒伏率与穗长、穗位高、株高、重心高度、各器官鲜重、节间长呈正相关,与茎粗、秆壁厚间呈显著或极显著负相关,与茎秆力学特性间呈显著或极显著负相关关系。燕麦第二茎节对抗倒伏性的影响大于第三茎节。茎粗、秆壁厚、穿刺强度、茎秆折断力、折断弯矩、弯曲力矩和弯曲性能可作为燕麦抗倒性评价指标。株高对燕麦品种倒伏性的影响大于穗部特征,秆壁厚和茎粗对燕麦的抗倒性影响最大,穿刺强度最能反映燕麦品种抗倒伏能力,提高茎秆厚度和折断性能是提高燕麦抗倒伏能力的重要途径。选育的I-D品系燕麦株高适中,茎粗、秆壁厚、节间长及茎秆力学特性等方面优于亲本,其抗倒性显著优于亲本。
This research studied factors contributing to differences between oat varieties for lodging resistance, in order to identify major traits contributing to, and to further breeding for lodging resistance. Five lines or cultivars were selected for study: a recently bred hybrid(I-D line), its two parents [male Avena sativa cv. Qinghai(Q), female A. sativa cv. Qinghai 444(Q444)], and 2 reference cultivars more and less susceptible to lodging, [Qinyin No. 1(QY1), and LENA(L)], used as controls. Plants were examined during flowering and milky-grain growth phases, and fresh weight and a range of stem physical traits potentially contributing to lodging resistance were assessed. The ranking of the 5 studied varieties for lodging resistance was: L>I-D line>Q>Q444>QY1. Correlation analysis indicated that lodging index and phenotypic lodging score were positively correlated with ear length, ear position, plant height, height of the head centre of gravity, head fresh weight, and stem internode lengths; and where significantly or highly significantly negatively correlated with stem diameter and thickness, and stem mechanical strength traits. The second internode contributed more to lodging resistance more than the third one. It is suggested that stem diameter and thickness, stem wall penetration resistance, breaking resistance, bending moment and other physical bending parameters be used for evaluating oat lodging resistance. Plant height influenced lodging resistance more than ear characters. The stem diameter and thickness had the largest impact on lodging resistance, while the stem wall penetration resistance was the best indicator of lodging resistance in oats. The results indicate that it is important to enhance the stem thickness and the breaking resistance in order to increase lodging resistance in oats. Compared to their parents, the newly bred I-D lines had better plant height, stem diameter and thickness, internode length, and stem mechanical traits, resulting in better lodging resistance.
This research studied factors contributing to differences between oat varieties for lodging resistance, in order to identify major traits contributing to, and to further breeding for lodging resistance. Five lines or cultivars were selected for study: a recently bred hybrid(I-D line), its two parents [male Avena sativa cv. Qinghai(Q), female A. sativa cv. Qinghai 444(Q444)], and 2 reference cultivars more and less susceptible to lodging, [Qinyin No. 1(QY1), and LENA(L)], used as controls. Plants were examined during flowering and milky-grain growth phases, and fresh weight and a range of stem physical traits potentially contributing to lodging resistance were assessed. The ranking of the 5 studied varieties for lodging resistance was: L>I-D line>Q>Q444>QY1. Correlation analysis indicated that lodging index and phenotypic lodging score were positively correlated with ear length, ear position, plant height, height of the head centre of gravity, head fresh weight, and stem internode lengths; and where significantly or highly significantly negatively correlated with stem diameter and thickness, and stem mechanical strength traits. The second internode contributed more to lodging resistance more than the third one. It is suggested that stem diameter and thickness, stem wall penetration resistance, breaking resistance, bending moment and other physical bending parameters be used for evaluating oat lodging resistance. Plant height influenced lodging resistance more than ear characters. The stem diameter and thickness had the largest impact on lodging resistance, while the stem wall penetration resistance was the best indicator of lodging resistance in oats. The results indicate that it is important to enhance the stem thickness and the breaking resistance in order to increase lodging resistance in oats. Compared to their parents, the newly bred I-D lines had better plant height, stem diameter and thickness, internode length, and stem mechanical traits, resulting in better lodging resistance.
引文
[1] Hu H, Li S S, Hua H, et al. Research on stalk morphological structure characteristics and its relationship between with the lodging of different wheat varieties. Journal of Triticeae Crops, 2017, 37(10): 1343-1348. 胡昊, 李莎莎, 华慧, 等. 不同小麦品种主茎茎秆形态结构特征及其与倒伏的关系. 麦类作物学报, 2017, 37(10): 1343-1348.
[2] Chen Y J, Zhou Q P, Sun J, et al. Comparison of lodging resistance among different oats (Avena sativa L.). Crops, 2016, (5): 44-49. 陈有军, 周青平, 孙建, 等. 不同燕麦品种田间倒伏性状研究. 作物杂志, 2016, (5): 44-49.
[3] Meng L Z, Mai C Y, Yu L Q, et al. Analysis of lodging-associated traits on some wheat cultivars and breeding lines in the Yellow-Huai river valley winter wheat zone. Journal of Triticeae Crops, 2016, 36(7): 888-895. 孟令志, 买春艳, 于立强, 等. 黄淮冬麦区部分小麦品种(系)抗倒伏相关性状分析. 麦类作物学报, 2016, 36(7): 888-895.
[4] Ding M L, Gao C Q, Yuan P R, et al. Principal component analysis on traits related to lodging resistance of plateau japonica rice. Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2014, 27(3): 919-924. 丁明亮, 高春琼, 袁平荣, 等. 高原粳稻抗倒性相关性状的主成分分析. 西南农业学报, 2014, 27(3): 919-924.
[5] Robertson D J, Julias M, Gardunia B W, et al. Corn stalk lodging: A forensic engineering approach provides insights into failure patterns and mechanisms. Crop Science, 2015, 55(6): 2833-2841.
[6] Kuai J, Yang Y, Sun Y Y, et al. Paclobutrazol increases canola seed yield by enhancing lodging and pod shatter resistance in Brassica napus L. Field Crops Research, 2015, 180: 10-20.
[7] Liu W G, Deng Y C, Hussain S, et al. Relationship between cellulose accumulation and lodging resistance in the stem of relay intercropped soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Field Crops Research, 2016, 196: 261-267.
[8] Gong J J. Effects of seeding rate and N fertilizer on the lodging and yield of oats. Lanzhou: Gansu Agricultural University, 2007. 龚建军. 播种量和氮肥水平对燕麦倒伏和产量的影响. 兰州: 甘肃农业大学, 2007.
[9] Liu G, Zhao G Q. Application of the grey systematic theory to integrated evaluation of lodging resistance in oat. Pratacultural Science, 2006, 23(10): 23-27. 刘刚, 赵桂琴. 灰色系统理论在燕麦抗倒伏综合评价中的应用. 草业科学, 2006, 23(10): 23-27.
[10] Xu L, Wang D W, Shi R S, et al. Relationship between lodging-resistance and the density of the bottom elongate stem in wheat. Journal of Triticeae Crops, 2009, 29(4): 673-679. 徐磊, 王大伟, 时荣盛, 等. 小麦基部节间茎秆密度与抗倒性关系的研究. 麦类作物学报, 2009, 29(4): 673-679.
[11] Yang G T, Xie C H, Chen Y J. Study on the culm lodging resistance of the hybrid rice of B803A. Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2007, 20(6): 1162-1165. 杨国涛, 谢崇华, 陈永军. B803A系列水稻品种抗倒伏特性研究. 西南农业学报, 2007, 20(6): 1162-1165.
[12] Li X H, Fang Z S, Niu J Y. Effects of major and trace elements on growth and development of flax seedlings. Journal of Gansu Agricultural University, 2013, 48(1): 42-48. 李兴华, 方子森, 牛俊义. 大量及微量元素对胡麻幼苗生长发育的影响. 甘肃农业大学学报, 2013, 48(1): 42-48.
[13] Li G H, Zhong X H, Tian K, et al. Effect of nitrogen application on stem lodging resistance of rice and its morphological and mechanical mechanisms. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2013, 46(7): 1323-1334. 李国辉, 钟旭华, 田卡, 等. 施氮对水稻茎秆抗倒伏能力的影响及其形态和力学机理. 中国农业科学, 2013, 46(7): 1323-1334.
[14] Liu X, Xie R Z, Niu X K, et al. Effects of planting density on lodging resistance performance of maize varieties of different eras in north-east China. Crops, 2012, (5): 126-130. 刘鑫, 谢瑞芝, 牛兴奎, 等. 种植密度对东北地区不同年代玉米生产主推品种抗倒伏性能的影响. 作物杂志, 2012, (5): 126-130.
[15] Ren B Z, Zhang J W, Li X, et al. Effects of waterlogging on stem lodging resistance of summer maize under field conditions. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2013, 46(12): 2440-2448. 任佰朝, 张吉旺, 李霞, 等. 大田淹水对高产夏玉米抗倒伏性能的影响. 中国农业科学, 2013, 46(12): 2440-2448.
[16] Wu Z F, Heng Y, Qiu D, et al. Lodging resistance related parameters evaluation in 33 rice germplasm. Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2016, 29(4): 736-744. 吴泽芳, 衡艳, 邱丹, 等. 33份水稻材料的抗倒伏性评价. 西南农业学报, 2016, 29(4): 736-744.
[17] Lei X L, Liu L, Gou W, et al. Effects of planting methods on culm lodging resistance of indica hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.). Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2013, 39(10): 1814-1825. 雷小龙, 刘利, 苟文, 等. 种植方式对杂交籼稻植株抗倒伏特性的影响. 作物学报, 2013, 39(10): 1814-1825.
[18] Liu Z F, Gou L, Zhao M, et al. Effects of shading on stalk morphological characteristics, rind penetration strength and lodging-resistance of maize. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2011, 26(4): 91-96. 刘仲发, 勾玲, 赵明, 等. 遮荫对玉米茎秆形态特征、穿刺强度及抗倒伏能力的影响. 华北农学报, 2011, 26(4): 91-96.
[19] Li J, Zhang H C, Gong J L, et al. Effects of different planting methods on the culm lodging resistance of super rice. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2011, 44(11): 2234-2243. 李杰, 张洪程, 龚金龙, 等. 不同种植方式对超级稻植株抗倒伏能力的影响. 中国农业科学, 2011, 44(11): 2234-2243.
[20] Tripathi S C, Sayre K D, Kaul J N, et al. Growth and morphology of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) culms and their association with lodging: effects of genotypes, N level sand ethephon. Field Crops Research, 2003, 84(3): 271-290.
[21] Min D H, Wang H, Meng C M, et al. Studies on the lodging resistance with its subtraits of different height wheat varieties and correlation between plant height and yield. Journal of Triticeae Crops, 2001, 21(4): 76-79. 闵东红, 王辉, 孟超敏, 等. 不同株高小麦品种抗倒伏性与其亚性状及产量相关性研究. 麦类作物学报, 2001, 21(4): 76-79.
[22] Zhao Q, Liang X M, Jiang H M, et al. Effect of plant dwarfing on yield and lodging resistance in wheat. Journal of Laiyang Agricultural College, 1999, 16(3): 168-171. 赵倩, 梁新明, 姜鸿明, 等. 小麦矮化对产量及抗倒性的影响. 莱阳农学院学报, 1999, 16(3): 168-171.
[23] Li R T, Jiang T B, Qiu T Q, et al. Study on effect of lodging to yield and relationship between lodging and plant height in rice. Heilongjiang Agricultural Science, 1996, (1): 13-17. 李荣田, 姜廷波, 秋太权, 等. 水稻倒伏对产量影响及倒伏和株高关系的研究. 黑龙江农业科学, 1996, (1): 13-17.
[24] Islam M S, Peng S, Visperas R M, et al. Lodging-related morphological traits of hybrid rice in a tropical irrigated ecosystem. Field Crops Research, 2007, 101(2): 240-248.
[25] Kaack K, Schwarz K U, Brander P E. Varion in morphology, anatomy and chemistry of stems of miscanthus genotypes differing in mechanical properties. Industrial Crops and Products, 2003, (17): 131-142.
[26] Kashiwagi T, Ishimaru K. Identification and functional analysis of a locus for improvement of lodging resistance in rice. Plant Physiology, 2004, 134(2): 676-683.
[27] Ma J, Ma W B, Tian Y H, et al. The culm lodging resistance of heavy panicles type of rice. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2004, 2(2): 143-148. 马均, 马文波, 田彦华, 等. 重穗型水稻植株抗倒伏能力的研究. 作物学报, 2004, 2(2): 143-148.
[28] Sarker Z, Shamsuddin A M. Genotypic and phenotypic correlation and path analysis for lodging resistance traits in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Bangladesh Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics, 2007, 20(2): 51-57.
[29] Dunn G J, Briggs K G. Variation in culm anatomy among barley cultivars differing in lodging resistance. Canadian Journal of Botany, 1989, 67(6): 1838-1843.
[30] Yao J B, Zhang P P, Ren L J, et al. Inheritance of lodging resistance index and its correlations with culm traits in wheat. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2011, 37(3): 452-458. 姚金保, 张平平, 任丽娟, 等. 小麦抗倒指数遗传及其与茎秆特性的相关分析. 作物学报, 2011, 37(3): 452-458.
[31] Tan Z B, Shen L S, Kuang H C, et al. Identification of QTLs for lengthes of the top internodes and other traits in rice and analysis of their genetic effects. Acta Genetica Sinica, 1996, 23(6): 439-446. 谭震波, 沈利爽, 况浩池, 等. 水稻上部节间长度等数量性状基因的定位及其遗传效应分析. 遗传学报, 1996, 23(6): 439-446.
[32] Yuan Z H, Zhao A Q, Sun Z W, et al. Dynamic analysis of rice stem lodger resistance. Journal of Biomathematics, 2003, 18(2): 234-237. 袁志华, 赵安庆, 苏宗伟, 等. 水稻茎秆抗倒伏的力学分析. 生物数学学报, 2003, 18(2): 234-237.
[33] Yang S R, Zhang L B, Wang J M. The theory and method of ideal plant morphology in rice breeding. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 1984, (3): 6-13. 杨守仁, 张龙步, 王进民. 水稻理想株形育种的理论和方法初论. 中国农业科学, 1984, (3): 6-13.
[34] Xiao S H, Zhang X Y, Yan C S, et al. Determination of resistance to lodging by stem strength in wheat. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2002, 35(1): 7-11. 肖世和, 张秀英, 闫长生, 等. 小麦茎秆强度的鉴定方法研究. 中国农业科学, 2002, 35(1): 7-11.
[35] Guo C H, Gao Z Q, Miao G Y. Relationship between lodging and mechanical characteristics of winter wheat stem under different yield levels. Transactions of the CSAE, 2010, 26(3): 151-155. 郭翠花, 高志强, 苗果园. 不同产量水平下小麦倒伏与茎秆力学特性的关系. 农业工程学报, 2010, 26(3): 151-155.
[36] Zhao A Q, Yuan Z H. Dynamic studies on maize stem lodger resistance. Journal of Biomathematics, 2003, 18(3): 311-313. 赵安庆, 袁志华. 玉米茎秆抗倒伏的力学机制研究. 生物数学学报, 2003, 18(3): 311-313.
[37] Yang S M, Xie L, Zheng S L, et al. Effects of nitrogen rate and transplanting density on physical and chemical characteristics and lodging resistance of culms in hybrid rice. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2009, 35(1): 93-103. 杨世民, 谢力, 郑顺林, 等. 氮肥水平和栽插密度对杂交稻茎秆理化特性与抗倒伏性的影响. 作物学报, 2009, 35(1): 93-103.
[2] Chen Y J, Zhou Q P, Sun J, et al. Comparison of lodging resistance among different oats (Avena sativa L.). Crops, 2016, (5): 44-49. 陈有军, 周青平, 孙建, 等. 不同燕麦品种田间倒伏性状研究. 作物杂志, 2016, (5): 44-49.
[3] Meng L Z, Mai C Y, Yu L Q, et al. Analysis of lodging-associated traits on some wheat cultivars and breeding lines in the Yellow-Huai river valley winter wheat zone. Journal of Triticeae Crops, 2016, 36(7): 888-895. 孟令志, 买春艳, 于立强, 等. 黄淮冬麦区部分小麦品种(系)抗倒伏相关性状分析. 麦类作物学报, 2016, 36(7): 888-895.
[4] Ding M L, Gao C Q, Yuan P R, et al. Principal component analysis on traits related to lodging resistance of plateau japonica rice. Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2014, 27(3): 919-924. 丁明亮, 高春琼, 袁平荣, 等. 高原粳稻抗倒性相关性状的主成分分析. 西南农业学报, 2014, 27(3): 919-924.
[5] Robertson D J, Julias M, Gardunia B W, et al. Corn stalk lodging: A forensic engineering approach provides insights into failure patterns and mechanisms. Crop Science, 2015, 55(6): 2833-2841.
[6] Kuai J, Yang Y, Sun Y Y, et al. Paclobutrazol increases canola seed yield by enhancing lodging and pod shatter resistance in Brassica napus L. Field Crops Research, 2015, 180: 10-20.
[7] Liu W G, Deng Y C, Hussain S, et al. Relationship between cellulose accumulation and lodging resistance in the stem of relay intercropped soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Field Crops Research, 2016, 196: 261-267.
[8] Gong J J. Effects of seeding rate and N fertilizer on the lodging and yield of oats. Lanzhou: Gansu Agricultural University, 2007. 龚建军. 播种量和氮肥水平对燕麦倒伏和产量的影响. 兰州: 甘肃农业大学, 2007.
[9] Liu G, Zhao G Q. Application of the grey systematic theory to integrated evaluation of lodging resistance in oat. Pratacultural Science, 2006, 23(10): 23-27. 刘刚, 赵桂琴. 灰色系统理论在燕麦抗倒伏综合评价中的应用. 草业科学, 2006, 23(10): 23-27.
[10] Xu L, Wang D W, Shi R S, et al. Relationship between lodging-resistance and the density of the bottom elongate stem in wheat. Journal of Triticeae Crops, 2009, 29(4): 673-679. 徐磊, 王大伟, 时荣盛, 等. 小麦基部节间茎秆密度与抗倒性关系的研究. 麦类作物学报, 2009, 29(4): 673-679.
[11] Yang G T, Xie C H, Chen Y J. Study on the culm lodging resistance of the hybrid rice of B803A. Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2007, 20(6): 1162-1165. 杨国涛, 谢崇华, 陈永军. B803A系列水稻品种抗倒伏特性研究. 西南农业学报, 2007, 20(6): 1162-1165.
[12] Li X H, Fang Z S, Niu J Y. Effects of major and trace elements on growth and development of flax seedlings. Journal of Gansu Agricultural University, 2013, 48(1): 42-48. 李兴华, 方子森, 牛俊义. 大量及微量元素对胡麻幼苗生长发育的影响. 甘肃农业大学学报, 2013, 48(1): 42-48.
[13] Li G H, Zhong X H, Tian K, et al. Effect of nitrogen application on stem lodging resistance of rice and its morphological and mechanical mechanisms. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2013, 46(7): 1323-1334. 李国辉, 钟旭华, 田卡, 等. 施氮对水稻茎秆抗倒伏能力的影响及其形态和力学机理. 中国农业科学, 2013, 46(7): 1323-1334.
[14] Liu X, Xie R Z, Niu X K, et al. Effects of planting density on lodging resistance performance of maize varieties of different eras in north-east China. Crops, 2012, (5): 126-130. 刘鑫, 谢瑞芝, 牛兴奎, 等. 种植密度对东北地区不同年代玉米生产主推品种抗倒伏性能的影响. 作物杂志, 2012, (5): 126-130.
[15] Ren B Z, Zhang J W, Li X, et al. Effects of waterlogging on stem lodging resistance of summer maize under field conditions. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2013, 46(12): 2440-2448. 任佰朝, 张吉旺, 李霞, 等. 大田淹水对高产夏玉米抗倒伏性能的影响. 中国农业科学, 2013, 46(12): 2440-2448.
[16] Wu Z F, Heng Y, Qiu D, et al. Lodging resistance related parameters evaluation in 33 rice germplasm. Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2016, 29(4): 736-744. 吴泽芳, 衡艳, 邱丹, 等. 33份水稻材料的抗倒伏性评价. 西南农业学报, 2016, 29(4): 736-744.
[17] Lei X L, Liu L, Gou W, et al. Effects of planting methods on culm lodging resistance of indica hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.). Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2013, 39(10): 1814-1825. 雷小龙, 刘利, 苟文, 等. 种植方式对杂交籼稻植株抗倒伏特性的影响. 作物学报, 2013, 39(10): 1814-1825.
[18] Liu Z F, Gou L, Zhao M, et al. Effects of shading on stalk morphological characteristics, rind penetration strength and lodging-resistance of maize. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2011, 26(4): 91-96. 刘仲发, 勾玲, 赵明, 等. 遮荫对玉米茎秆形态特征、穿刺强度及抗倒伏能力的影响. 华北农学报, 2011, 26(4): 91-96.
[19] Li J, Zhang H C, Gong J L, et al. Effects of different planting methods on the culm lodging resistance of super rice. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2011, 44(11): 2234-2243. 李杰, 张洪程, 龚金龙, 等. 不同种植方式对超级稻植株抗倒伏能力的影响. 中国农业科学, 2011, 44(11): 2234-2243.
[20] Tripathi S C, Sayre K D, Kaul J N, et al. Growth and morphology of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) culms and their association with lodging: effects of genotypes, N level sand ethephon. Field Crops Research, 2003, 84(3): 271-290.
[21] Min D H, Wang H, Meng C M, et al. Studies on the lodging resistance with its subtraits of different height wheat varieties and correlation between plant height and yield. Journal of Triticeae Crops, 2001, 21(4): 76-79. 闵东红, 王辉, 孟超敏, 等. 不同株高小麦品种抗倒伏性与其亚性状及产量相关性研究. 麦类作物学报, 2001, 21(4): 76-79.
[22] Zhao Q, Liang X M, Jiang H M, et al. Effect of plant dwarfing on yield and lodging resistance in wheat. Journal of Laiyang Agricultural College, 1999, 16(3): 168-171. 赵倩, 梁新明, 姜鸿明, 等. 小麦矮化对产量及抗倒性的影响. 莱阳农学院学报, 1999, 16(3): 168-171.
[23] Li R T, Jiang T B, Qiu T Q, et al. Study on effect of lodging to yield and relationship between lodging and plant height in rice. Heilongjiang Agricultural Science, 1996, (1): 13-17. 李荣田, 姜廷波, 秋太权, 等. 水稻倒伏对产量影响及倒伏和株高关系的研究. 黑龙江农业科学, 1996, (1): 13-17.
[24] Islam M S, Peng S, Visperas R M, et al. Lodging-related morphological traits of hybrid rice in a tropical irrigated ecosystem. Field Crops Research, 2007, 101(2): 240-248.
[25] Kaack K, Schwarz K U, Brander P E. Varion in morphology, anatomy and chemistry of stems of miscanthus genotypes differing in mechanical properties. Industrial Crops and Products, 2003, (17): 131-142.
[26] Kashiwagi T, Ishimaru K. Identification and functional analysis of a locus for improvement of lodging resistance in rice. Plant Physiology, 2004, 134(2): 676-683.
[27] Ma J, Ma W B, Tian Y H, et al. The culm lodging resistance of heavy panicles type of rice. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2004, 2(2): 143-148. 马均, 马文波, 田彦华, 等. 重穗型水稻植株抗倒伏能力的研究. 作物学报, 2004, 2(2): 143-148.
[28] Sarker Z, Shamsuddin A M. Genotypic and phenotypic correlation and path analysis for lodging resistance traits in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Bangladesh Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics, 2007, 20(2): 51-57.
[29] Dunn G J, Briggs K G. Variation in culm anatomy among barley cultivars differing in lodging resistance. Canadian Journal of Botany, 1989, 67(6): 1838-1843.
[30] Yao J B, Zhang P P, Ren L J, et al. Inheritance of lodging resistance index and its correlations with culm traits in wheat. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2011, 37(3): 452-458. 姚金保, 张平平, 任丽娟, 等. 小麦抗倒指数遗传及其与茎秆特性的相关分析. 作物学报, 2011, 37(3): 452-458.
[31] Tan Z B, Shen L S, Kuang H C, et al. Identification of QTLs for lengthes of the top internodes and other traits in rice and analysis of their genetic effects. Acta Genetica Sinica, 1996, 23(6): 439-446. 谭震波, 沈利爽, 况浩池, 等. 水稻上部节间长度等数量性状基因的定位及其遗传效应分析. 遗传学报, 1996, 23(6): 439-446.
[32] Yuan Z H, Zhao A Q, Sun Z W, et al. Dynamic analysis of rice stem lodger resistance. Journal of Biomathematics, 2003, 18(2): 234-237. 袁志华, 赵安庆, 苏宗伟, 等. 水稻茎秆抗倒伏的力学分析. 生物数学学报, 2003, 18(2): 234-237.
[33] Yang S R, Zhang L B, Wang J M. The theory and method of ideal plant morphology in rice breeding. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 1984, (3): 6-13. 杨守仁, 张龙步, 王进民. 水稻理想株形育种的理论和方法初论. 中国农业科学, 1984, (3): 6-13.
[34] Xiao S H, Zhang X Y, Yan C S, et al. Determination of resistance to lodging by stem strength in wheat. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2002, 35(1): 7-11. 肖世和, 张秀英, 闫长生, 等. 小麦茎秆强度的鉴定方法研究. 中国农业科学, 2002, 35(1): 7-11.
[35] Guo C H, Gao Z Q, Miao G Y. Relationship between lodging and mechanical characteristics of winter wheat stem under different yield levels. Transactions of the CSAE, 2010, 26(3): 151-155. 郭翠花, 高志强, 苗果园. 不同产量水平下小麦倒伏与茎秆力学特性的关系. 农业工程学报, 2010, 26(3): 151-155.
[36] Zhao A Q, Yuan Z H. Dynamic studies on maize stem lodger resistance. Journal of Biomathematics, 2003, 18(3): 311-313. 赵安庆, 袁志华. 玉米茎秆抗倒伏的力学机制研究. 生物数学学报, 2003, 18(3): 311-313.
[37] Yang S M, Xie L, Zheng S L, et al. Effects of nitrogen rate and transplanting density on physical and chemical characteristics and lodging resistance of culms in hybrid rice. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2009, 35(1): 93-103. 杨世民, 谢力, 郑顺林, 等. 氮肥水平和栽插密度对杂交稻茎秆理化特性与抗倒伏性的影响. 作物学报, 2009, 35(1): 93-103.