不同施肥方案对野大麦产草量及营养品质的影响
|
摘要
野大麦(Hordeum brevisubulatum (Trin.)Link.)是治理东北地区盐碱退化草地的重要牧草,科学合理的施肥能够有效提高牧草的产草量及营养品质。本试验研究了不同施肥时期及施肥量对野大麦干草产量及营养品质的影响。施肥时期分别为返青期,拔节期和抽穗期,施肥量设225,300,375,450,525,600kg·hm~(-2)6个水平,以不施肥做为对照。结果表明:施肥可有效提高野大麦干草产量和营养品质,其中在拔节期,施肥量为525kg·hm~(-2)时施肥效果最佳,其干草产量达5.93t·hm~(-2),比对照(不施肥)增加了51.27%;粗蛋白含量为12.98%,比对照增加了92.01%;粗脂肪的含量为3.64%,比对照增加了195.93%。
Wild Barley is an important forage to control saline and alkali degraded grassland in northeast China,and scientific and reasonable fertilization can effectively improve the grass yield and nutrient quality of forage.The effects of different fertilization periods and amount on hay yield and nutrient quality of wild barley were studied in this experiment.The fertilization period included green period,extraction period and heading stage.The amount of fertilizer was 0,225,300,375,450,525,600 kg·hm~(-2) seven level.The results showed that fertilization effectively improved the yield and nutritional quality of wild barley hay,among which 525 kg·hm~(-2) fertilization was the best during the extraction period,and the hay yield was5.93 t·hm~(-2),increasing by 51.27%compared with the control(no fertilization).The crude protein content was 12.98%,which increased by 92.01% compared with the control.The content of crude fat was3.64%,an increase of 195.93% over the control.
Wild Barley is an important forage to control saline and alkali degraded grassland in northeast China,and scientific and reasonable fertilization can effectively improve the grass yield and nutrient quality of forage.The effects of different fertilization periods and amount on hay yield and nutrient quality of wild barley were studied in this experiment.The fertilization period included green period,extraction period and heading stage.The amount of fertilizer was 0,225,300,375,450,525,600 kg·hm~(-2) seven level.The results showed that fertilization effectively improved the yield and nutritional quality of wild barley hay,among which 525 kg·hm~(-2) fertilization was the best during the extraction period,and the hay yield was5.93 t·hm~(-2),increasing by 51.27%compared with the control(no fertilization).The crude protein content was 12.98%,which increased by 92.01% compared with the control.The content of crude fat was3.64%,an increase of 195.93% over the control.
引文
[1]常晓芳.不同生境野大麦无性系构件结构及其数量特征[D].长春:东北师范大学,2008:3-4
[2]谢振宇,杨光穗.牧草耐盐性研究进展[J].草业科学,2003(08):11-17
[3]Vershinin A V,Salina E A,Solovyov V V,Timofeyeva L L.Genomic organization,evolution,and structural peculiarities of highly repetitive DNA of Hordeum vulgare.[J].Genome/National Research Council Canada=Génome/Conseil national de recherches Canada,1990,33(3):441-449
[4]Baum Bernard R,Johnson Douglas A.The 5SDNA sequences in Hordeum bogdanii and in the H.brevisubulatum complex,and the evolution and the geographic dispersal of the diploid Hordeum species(Triticeae:Poaceae).[J].Genome,2007,50(1):1-14
[5]S.L.Clement,L.R.Elberson,N.A.Bosque‐Pérez,D.J.Schotzko.Detrimental and neutral effects of wild barleyNeotyphodium fungal endophyte associations on insect survival[J].Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata,2005,114(2):119-125
[6]Brassac Jonathan,Jakob Sabine S,Blattner Frank R.Progenitor-derivative relationships of Hordeum polyploids(Poaceae,Triticeae)inferred from sequences of TOPO6,a nuclear lowcopy gene region.[J].Plos One,2012,7(3):e33808
[7]王正凤,李春杰,金文进,南志标.内生真菌对野大麦耐盐性的影响[J].草地学报,2009,17(01):88-92
[8]吴萍,彭华,宋德荣,周大荣,田松,吴瑛,吴蕊汝.多年生牧草混播试验研究[J].中国畜禽种业,2012,8(02):50-52
[9]樊晓东,孙在红,钞振华.影响牧草生物量形成的因素[J].草业科学,2003,20(10):33-36
[10]张娇娇,刘培培,李小刚,张世挺,丁路明.施肥和刈割对高寒天然草场牧草产量及营养品质的影响[J].草地学报,2017,25(04):885-887
[11]曲京博.不同施肥处理对黑土土壤及作物产量的影响[D].哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2018:1-22
[12]沈仁芳,赵学强.土壤微生物在植物获得养分中的作用[J].生态学报,2015,35(20):6584-6591
[13]卡着才让,德科加,徐成体.不同施肥时间及施氮水平对高寒草甸生物量和土壤养分的影响[J].草地学报,2015,23(04):726-732
[14]李威,王朋.配方施肥对皮燕麦地上生物量和种子产量的影响[J].青海畜牧兽医杂志,2014,44(02):4-5
[15]余有贵,贺建华.牧草的营养品质及其评价[J].中国饲料,2004(23):34-35
[16]郑凯,顾洪如,沈益新,等.牧草品质评价体系及品质育种的研究进展[J].草业科学,2006,23(5):57-61
[17]邹小艳,罗彩云,徐世晓,赵亮.不同种牧草的产量和品质[J].草地学报,2015,23(05):1064-1067
[18]Caballero R,Goieoechea E L,Hemaiz P J.Forage yields andquality of common vetch and oat sown at varying seeding ratios andseeding rates of common vetch[J].Field Crops Research,1995,41:135-140
[19]Lithourgidis A S,Vasilakoglou I B,Dhima K V,et al.Forage yieldand quality of common vetch mixtures with oat and triticale in twoseeding ratios[J].Field Crop Research,2006(99):106-113
[20]肖向华.氮、磷、钾配比施肥对紫花苜蓿产量、品质及根瘤菌数量的影响[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆农业大学,2016:3-5
[21]李小坤,鲁剑巍,刘晓伟,刘威,潘福霞,魏云霞.配方施肥对一年生黑麦草产草量及品质的影响[J].草业科学,2011,28(09):1666-1670
[2]谢振宇,杨光穗.牧草耐盐性研究进展[J].草业科学,2003(08):11-17
[3]Vershinin A V,Salina E A,Solovyov V V,Timofeyeva L L.Genomic organization,evolution,and structural peculiarities of highly repetitive DNA of Hordeum vulgare.[J].Genome/National Research Council Canada=Génome/Conseil national de recherches Canada,1990,33(3):441-449
[4]Baum Bernard R,Johnson Douglas A.The 5SDNA sequences in Hordeum bogdanii and in the H.brevisubulatum complex,and the evolution and the geographic dispersal of the diploid Hordeum species(Triticeae:Poaceae).[J].Genome,2007,50(1):1-14
[5]S.L.Clement,L.R.Elberson,N.A.Bosque‐Pérez,D.J.Schotzko.Detrimental and neutral effects of wild barleyNeotyphodium fungal endophyte associations on insect survival[J].Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata,2005,114(2):119-125
[6]Brassac Jonathan,Jakob Sabine S,Blattner Frank R.Progenitor-derivative relationships of Hordeum polyploids(Poaceae,Triticeae)inferred from sequences of TOPO6,a nuclear lowcopy gene region.[J].Plos One,2012,7(3):e33808
[7]王正凤,李春杰,金文进,南志标.内生真菌对野大麦耐盐性的影响[J].草地学报,2009,17(01):88-92
[8]吴萍,彭华,宋德荣,周大荣,田松,吴瑛,吴蕊汝.多年生牧草混播试验研究[J].中国畜禽种业,2012,8(02):50-52
[9]樊晓东,孙在红,钞振华.影响牧草生物量形成的因素[J].草业科学,2003,20(10):33-36
[10]张娇娇,刘培培,李小刚,张世挺,丁路明.施肥和刈割对高寒天然草场牧草产量及营养品质的影响[J].草地学报,2017,25(04):885-887
[11]曲京博.不同施肥处理对黑土土壤及作物产量的影响[D].哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2018:1-22
[12]沈仁芳,赵学强.土壤微生物在植物获得养分中的作用[J].生态学报,2015,35(20):6584-6591
[13]卡着才让,德科加,徐成体.不同施肥时间及施氮水平对高寒草甸生物量和土壤养分的影响[J].草地学报,2015,23(04):726-732
[14]李威,王朋.配方施肥对皮燕麦地上生物量和种子产量的影响[J].青海畜牧兽医杂志,2014,44(02):4-5
[15]余有贵,贺建华.牧草的营养品质及其评价[J].中国饲料,2004(23):34-35
[16]郑凯,顾洪如,沈益新,等.牧草品质评价体系及品质育种的研究进展[J].草业科学,2006,23(5):57-61
[17]邹小艳,罗彩云,徐世晓,赵亮.不同种牧草的产量和品质[J].草地学报,2015,23(05):1064-1067
[18]Caballero R,Goieoechea E L,Hemaiz P J.Forage yields andquality of common vetch and oat sown at varying seeding ratios andseeding rates of common vetch[J].Field Crops Research,1995,41:135-140
[19]Lithourgidis A S,Vasilakoglou I B,Dhima K V,et al.Forage yieldand quality of common vetch mixtures with oat and triticale in twoseeding ratios[J].Field Crop Research,2006(99):106-113
[20]肖向华.氮、磷、钾配比施肥对紫花苜蓿产量、品质及根瘤菌数量的影响[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆农业大学,2016:3-5
[21]李小坤,鲁剑巍,刘晓伟,刘威,潘福霞,魏云霞.配方施肥对一年生黑麦草产草量及品质的影响[J].草业科学,2011,28(09):1666-1670
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |