我国海岛县域经济发展特征与问题分析
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摘要
海岛是壮大海洋经济、拓展发展空间的重要依托。党的十八大以来,随着海洋强国战略的实施,海洋经济迅速发展。作为海域中的地理支点,学界对海岛经济的关注度也逐步增强。本文从梳理研究国内外海岛经济研究现状入手,分析和研究了海岛经济的特征和内涵,对海岛经济作出尝试性定义。基于《海岛统计报表制度》等渠道收集的我国12个海岛县(市、区)经济统计数据,分析和总结了我国主要海岛地区经济规模、经济水平、产业结构、海洋产业发展状况及其时期规律和地域特征,结果表明:近8年来,12个主要海岛地区GDP明显增长,增长率大于同期国民经济增长率;2014年,普陀区GDP最高,南澳县最低,长岛县人均GDP最高,南澳县最低;2014-2016年,主要海岛地区产业结构呈现不同的特征,总体趋势为第一产业比重逐年下降,第二、三产业比重逐年上升。基于统计结果,初步总结了海岛经济发展存在的问题,以期对我国海岛经济今后发展提供参考借鉴。最后,结合工作实际,提出了下一步的重点研究方向。
The islands are important supports for expanding the marine economy and development space. Since the 18 th Communist Party of China National Congress, the Maritime Power strategy has been implemented and the marine economy has developed rapidly. As a geographical fulcrum in the sea, the island and its economy have gradually gained the academician′s attention. This paper starts with the research status of island economy at home and abroad, analyzes the characteristics and connotation of island economy, and makes a tentative definition of island economy. Based on the economic statistics of12 Chinese island counties(cities, districts) collected through the ‘Island Statistical Reporting System', the paper analyzes and summarizes the economic scale, economic level, industrial structure, marine industries as well as their time and regional characteristics. The results show that in the past 8 years, the GDP of 12 major island areas has increased significantly, and the growth rate is greater than that of the national economy during the same period. In 2014, the GDP of Putuo District was the largest while Na n′ao County was the lowest. The highest per capita GDP was in Changdao County and the lowest was in Nan′ao County. During 2014-2016, the industrial structures of island counties present different characteristics. The overall trend is that the primary industry decreased while the second and third industries increased year by year. Based on the statistical results, the problems of island economy are summarized in order to provide reference for the future development.Finally, it puts forward the research direction based on the actual work and practice.
The islands are important supports for expanding the marine economy and development space. Since the 18 th Communist Party of China National Congress, the Maritime Power strategy has been implemented and the marine economy has developed rapidly. As a geographical fulcrum in the sea, the island and its economy have gradually gained the academician′s attention. This paper starts with the research status of island economy at home and abroad, analyzes the characteristics and connotation of island economy, and makes a tentative definition of island economy. Based on the economic statistics of12 Chinese island counties(cities, districts) collected through the ‘Island Statistical Reporting System', the paper analyzes and summarizes the economic scale, economic level, industrial structure, marine industries as well as their time and regional characteristics. The results show that in the past 8 years, the GDP of 12 major island areas has increased significantly, and the growth rate is greater than that of the national economy during the same period. In 2014, the GDP of Putuo District was the largest while Na n′ao County was the lowest. The highest per capita GDP was in Changdao County and the lowest was in Nan′ao County. During 2014-2016, the industrial structures of island counties present different characteristics. The overall trend is that the primary industry decreased while the second and third industries increased year by year. Based on the statistical results, the problems of island economy are summarized in order to provide reference for the future development.Finally, it puts forward the research direction based on the actual work and practice.
引文
国家海洋局, 2016. 2015年海岛统计调查公报.
李懿,张盈盈,2017.国外海洋经济发展实践与经验启示.国家治理,6(22):41-48.
何广顺,2011.海洋经济统计方法与实践.北京:海洋出版社.
中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,2006.海洋及相关产业分类.GB/T 20794-2006.
秦伟山,张义丰,2013.国内外海岛经济研究进展.地理科学进展,32(9):1401-1412.
张耀光,王国力,等,2005.中国海岛县际经济差异与今后产业布局分析.自然资源学报,20(2).
张耀光,2009.海岛(县)产业结构优化调整研究:大连长海案例.中国海洋经济评论,3(1).
王晶,孙苗,等,2017.海岛统计调查制度完善与数据填报平台建设.海洋通报,(6):14-20.
张峰,王晶,等,2016.海岛统计报表制度研究与实践.海洋通报,35(1):11-15.
李佳芮,王晶,等,2015.关于建立海岛统计报表制度的初步构想.统计与决策,(5).
李懿,张盈盈,2017.国外海洋经济发展实践与经验启示.国家治理,6(22):41-48.
何广顺,2011.海洋经济统计方法与实践.北京:海洋出版社.
中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,2006.海洋及相关产业分类.GB/T 20794-2006.
秦伟山,张义丰,2013.国内外海岛经济研究进展.地理科学进展,32(9):1401-1412.
张耀光,王国力,等,2005.中国海岛县际经济差异与今后产业布局分析.自然资源学报,20(2).
张耀光,2009.海岛(县)产业结构优化调整研究:大连长海案例.中国海洋经济评论,3(1).
王晶,孙苗,等,2017.海岛统计调查制度完善与数据填报平台建设.海洋通报,(6):14-20.
张峰,王晶,等,2016.海岛统计报表制度研究与实践.海洋通报,35(1):11-15.
李佳芮,王晶,等,2015.关于建立海岛统计报表制度的初步构想.统计与决策,(5).