中东地区大型生屑灰岩油藏地震数据采集脚印压制方法
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摘要
中东地区大型油气藏多属于海相碳酸盐岩油气藏,其中白垩系生物碎屑灰岩油藏占据主要地位。地震数据中的采集脚印会对地震解释、属性分析、储层预测造成较大影响。采集脚印可以通过叠前地震数据处理流程消除,但处理流程用时较长且过程繁琐。利用采集脚印对地震属性的敏感特性,在二维波数域中将有效地质信号与采集脚印分离,并应用拉普拉斯-高斯滤波器,实现了自适应去除采集脚印。通过压制采集脚印,提高了地震数据信噪比,为中东地区陆上大型生物碎屑灰岩油藏地震属性分析和储层预测提供了技术支撑。
There are lots of large marine carbonate reservoirs in Middle East,in which the bioclastic limestone reservoirs of the Cretaceous Period are in the leading position.The footprint in the seismic data acquisition seriously affected the results of seismic interpretation,attribute analysis and reservoir prediction.Theoretically,footprint from acquisition can be removed through seismic processing workflow,which is time consuming and complex.In this paper,the characteristics that footprint is sensitive to the certain seismic attributes are used to separate the geological signal from the footprint noise,and the Laplacian-Gaussion(LoG)filter is used to adaptively remove footprint.The S/N improves by suppressing footprint,the signal–noise ratio is improved,which provides a technical support for the seismic attribute analysis and reservoir prediction of large onshore bioclastic limestone reservoirs in Middle East.
There are lots of large marine carbonate reservoirs in Middle East,in which the bioclastic limestone reservoirs of the Cretaceous Period are in the leading position.The footprint in the seismic data acquisition seriously affected the results of seismic interpretation,attribute analysis and reservoir prediction.Theoretically,footprint from acquisition can be removed through seismic processing workflow,which is time consuming and complex.In this paper,the characteristics that footprint is sensitive to the certain seismic attributes are used to separate the geological signal from the footprint noise,and the Laplacian-Gaussion(LoG)filter is used to adaptively remove footprint.The S/N improves by suppressing footprint,the signal–noise ratio is improved,which provides a technical support for the seismic attribute analysis and reservoir prediction of large onshore bioclastic limestone reservoirs in Middle East.
引文
[1]Cahoj M P,Verma S,Hutchinson B,et al.Pitfalls in seismic processing:An application of seismic modeling to investigate acquisition footprint[J].Interpretation,2016,4:SG1-SG9.
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[3] Gülünay N.3D acquisition footprint removal [A].62th Annual International Conference and Exhibition[C].EAGE,Extended Abstracts,2000:L0017.
[4] Trad D.Five-dimensional interpolation:Recovering from acquisition constraints[J].Geophysics,2009,74(6):V123.
[5] 谢玉洪,陈志宏,朱江梅,等.海上地震数据处理中采集脚印分析与衰减处理[J].天然气工业,2010,30(9):28～31.
[6] 张红军,王君,丁长辉,等.相对保持振幅、频率、相位属性的采集脚印压制技术[J].石油地球物理勘探,2012,47(S1):15～19.
[7] Chopra S,Marfurt K J.Preconditioning seismic data with 5D interpolation for computing geometric attributes[J].The Leading Edge,2013,32(12):1456～1460.
[8] Ha T,Marfurt K J.The value of constrained conjugate-gradient least-squares migration in seismic inversion:Application to a fractured-basement play,Texas Panhandle[J].Interpretation,2017,5:SN13-SN27.
[9] Buttkus B.Spectral analysis and filter theory in applied geophysics [M].Berlin:Springer,2000.
[10] Sahai S K,Soofi K A.Use of simple 2-D filters to reduce footprint noise in seismic data [J].Solutions,2006,15:14～17.
[11] Falconer S,Marfurt K J.Attribute-driven footprint suppression [A].Expanded Abstracts of 76th Annual Internat SEG Mtg[C].2006:2667～2671.
[12] 胡春华,陆文凯.基于自适应滤波的采集脚印压制[A].中国地球物理学会·中国地球物理·2009[C].北京:中国科学技术大学出版社,2009:83.
[13] Alali A,Machado G,Marfurt K J.Attribute-assisted footprint suppression using a 2D continuous wavelet transform[A].Expanded Abstracts of 86th Annual Internat SEG Mtg[C].2016:1898～1902.
[14] 邹振,张立彬,王秀松,等.采集脚印自适应压制方法[J].石油物探,2018,57(4):543～548.
[15] Lin T F,Zhang B,Marfurt K J.Attribute-assisted footprint suppression with Log filter[A].Expanded Abstracts of 86th Annual Internat SEG Mtg[C].2016:4705～4709.
[2] Hill S,Shultz M,Brewer J.Acquisition footprint and fold of stack plots[J].The Leading Edge,1999,18(6):686～695.
[3] Gülünay N.3D acquisition footprint removal [A].62th Annual International Conference and Exhibition[C].EAGE,Extended Abstracts,2000:L0017.
[4] Trad D.Five-dimensional interpolation:Recovering from acquisition constraints[J].Geophysics,2009,74(6):V123.
[5] 谢玉洪,陈志宏,朱江梅,等.海上地震数据处理中采集脚印分析与衰减处理[J].天然气工业,2010,30(9):28～31.
[6] 张红军,王君,丁长辉,等.相对保持振幅、频率、相位属性的采集脚印压制技术[J].石油地球物理勘探,2012,47(S1):15～19.
[7] Chopra S,Marfurt K J.Preconditioning seismic data with 5D interpolation for computing geometric attributes[J].The Leading Edge,2013,32(12):1456～1460.
[8] Ha T,Marfurt K J.The value of constrained conjugate-gradient least-squares migration in seismic inversion:Application to a fractured-basement play,Texas Panhandle[J].Interpretation,2017,5:SN13-SN27.
[9] Buttkus B.Spectral analysis and filter theory in applied geophysics [M].Berlin:Springer,2000.
[10] Sahai S K,Soofi K A.Use of simple 2-D filters to reduce footprint noise in seismic data [J].Solutions,2006,15:14～17.
[11] Falconer S,Marfurt K J.Attribute-driven footprint suppression [A].Expanded Abstracts of 76th Annual Internat SEG Mtg[C].2006:2667～2671.
[12] 胡春华,陆文凯.基于自适应滤波的采集脚印压制[A].中国地球物理学会·中国地球物理·2009[C].北京:中国科学技术大学出版社,2009:83.
[13] Alali A,Machado G,Marfurt K J.Attribute-assisted footprint suppression using a 2D continuous wavelet transform[A].Expanded Abstracts of 86th Annual Internat SEG Mtg[C].2016:1898～1902.
[14] 邹振,张立彬,王秀松,等.采集脚印自适应压制方法[J].石油物探,2018,57(4):543～548.
[15] Lin T F,Zhang B,Marfurt K J.Attribute-assisted footprint suppression with Log filter[A].Expanded Abstracts of 86th Annual Internat SEG Mtg[C].2016:4705～4709.
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