降雨量与旱地糜子产量的关系
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摘要
为研究干旱雨养旱作农业区降雨量对糜子产量的影响,2012—2017年在忻州市河曲县测定6年期间的降雨数据和糜子产量数据。结果表明:7月份是糜子生育期需水量最关键的月份,当月降雨量约占生育期总降雨量的38.03%～39.92%,降雨量与糜子产量呈极显著正相关,直接决定糜子能否高产;6月份决定糜子出苗率,当月降雨量约占生育期总降雨量的22.49%～22.65%,降雨量与糜子产量呈不显著正相关;8和9月份的降雨量与糜子产量显著负相关。结果表明,在6和7月份降雨量满足的情况下,当地糜子获得较好产量的生育期适宜降雨量为409.3～472.2mm。
The objective was to study the impact of variation of rainfall on broomcorn millet yield in arid region,measured the date of rainfall and broomcorn millet yield of Hequ County from 2012 to 2017.The results showed that:July was the most critical month of water demand during the growth period of broomcorn millet,and extremely significant positive correlation with the yield of broomcorn millet,directly determined the broomcorn millet whether could achieve high yield,and the rainfall proportion accounted for about 38.03%-39.92% of the total rainfall during the growth period;The rainfall of June was no significant positive correlation to the yield of broomcorn millet,which determined the seedling emergence rate of broomcorn millet,and the rainfall proportion accounted for about 22.49%-22.65% of the total rainfall during the growth period.The rainfall of August and September was significantly negatively correlated with the yield of broomcorn millet.Therefore,under satisfying rainfall condition of June and July,the suitable rainfall during the growth period of broomcorn millet was 409.3-472.2 mm.
The objective was to study the impact of variation of rainfall on broomcorn millet yield in arid region,measured the date of rainfall and broomcorn millet yield of Hequ County from 2012 to 2017.The results showed that:July was the most critical month of water demand during the growth period of broomcorn millet,and extremely significant positive correlation with the yield of broomcorn millet,directly determined the broomcorn millet whether could achieve high yield,and the rainfall proportion accounted for about 38.03%-39.92% of the total rainfall during the growth period;The rainfall of June was no significant positive correlation to the yield of broomcorn millet,which determined the seedling emergence rate of broomcorn millet,and the rainfall proportion accounted for about 22.49%-22.65% of the total rainfall during the growth period.The rainfall of August and September was significantly negatively correlated with the yield of broomcorn millet.Therefore,under satisfying rainfall condition of June and July,the suitable rainfall during the growth period of broomcorn millet was 409.3-472.2 mm.
引文
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[4]Qu Y,Su W,Zhang P P,Li C,Gao J F,Gao X L,Wang P K,Jiang S H,Feng B L.Effects of different water harvesting on soil water,growth and yield of the proso millet(Panicum miliaceum L)in a semiarid region of northwest China[J].Journal of Agricultural Science,2012,4(9):106-113
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[12]刘猛,刘斐,夏雪岩,宋世佳,王慧军,李顺国,张德荣.自然降雨与旱地谷子单产水平关系研究[J].中国农业资源与区划,2016,37(9):48-52Liu M,Liu F,Xia X Y,Song S J,Wang H J,Li S G,Zhang DR.Relationship between natural rainfall and yield of dry foxtail millet[J].Chinese Journal of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,2016,37(9):48-52(in Chinese)
[13]赵京考,卢静,谷思玉,龚振平,温延臣.降雨量和氮素对黑土区春玉米产量的影响[J].农业工程学报,2011,27(12):74-78Zhao J K,Lu J,Gu S Y,Gong Z P,Wen Y C.Effects of precipitation and nitrogen on spring corn yield in black soil regions[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2011,27(12):74-78(in Chinese)
[14]李渝,张雅蓉,张文安,蒋太明.贵州黄壤地区不同施肥处理及降雨量对玉米产量的影响[J].水资源与水工程学报,2015,26(1):230-236Liu Y,Zhang Y R,Zhang W A,Jiang T M.Effects of different fertilizer controls and precipitation on corn yield in yellow soil region of Guizhou[J].Journal of Water Resources&Water Engineering,2015,26(1):230-236(in Chinese)
[15]任小龙,贾志宽,陈小莉,韩娟,韩清芳,丁瑞霞.半干旱区沟垄集雨对玉米光合特性及产量的影响[J].作物学报,2008,34(5):838-845Ren X L,Jia Z K,Chen X L,Han J,Han Q F,Ding R X.Effects of Ridge and furrow planting for rainfall harvesting on photosynthetic characteristics and yield in corn in semi-arid regions[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2008,34(5):838-845(in Chinese)
[16]肖俊夫,刘战东,陈玉民.中国玉米需水量和需水规律研究[J].玉米科学,2008,16(4):21-25Xiao J F,Liu Z D,Chen Y M.Study on the water requirement and water requirement regulation of maize in China[J].Journal of Maize Sciences,2008,16(4):21-25(in Chinese)
[2]林汝法,柴岩,廖琴,孙世贤.中国小杂粮[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2002Lin R F,Chai Y,Liao Q,Song S X.Small grains of China[M].Beijing:Chinese Agricultural Science Press,2002(in Chinese)
[3]Zhang P P,Feng B L,Wang P K,Dai H P,Song H,Gao X L,Gao J F,Chen J,Chai Y.Leaf senescence and activities of antioxidant enzymes in different broomcorn millet(Panicum miliaceum L)cultivars under simulated drought condition[J].Journal of Food,Agriculture&Environment,2012,10(2):438-444
[4]Qu Y,Su W,Zhang P P,Li C,Gao J F,Gao X L,Wang P K,Jiang S H,Feng B L.Effects of different water harvesting on soil water,growth and yield of the proso millet(Panicum miliaceum L)in a semiarid region of northwest China[J].Journal of Agricultural Science,2012,4(9):106-113
[5]张盼盼,冯佰利,王鹏科,高小丽,高金锋,宋慧,张小东,柴岩.PEG胁迫下糜子苗期抗旱指标鉴选研究[J].中国农业大学学报,2012,17(1):53-59Zhang P P,Feng B L,Wang P K,Gao X L,Gao J F,Song H,Zhang X D,Chai Y.Study on identification of droughtresistance indexes at seedling stage in broomcorn millet under PEG stress[J].Journal of China Agricultural University,2012,17(1):53-59(in Chinese)
[6]张小红,张绪成.半干旱区旱地不同覆盖方式对糜子耗水和产量的影响[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(5):29-33Zhang X H,Zhang X C.Effects of different mulching methods on water consumption and yield of millet in rain-fed semiarid area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(5):29-33(in Chinese)
[7]苏旺,张艳平,屈洋,李翠,妙佳源,高小丽,刘建华.冯佰利.不同覆膜方式对黄土高原旱地土壤水分及糜子生长、光合特性和产量的影响[J].应用生态学报,2014,25(11):3215-3222Su W,Zhang Y P,Qu Y,Li C,Miao J Y,Gao X L,Liu J H,Feng B L.Effects of Mulching patterns on soil water,broomcorn millet growth,photosynthetic characteristics and yield in the dryland of Loess Planteau in China[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2014,25(11):3215-3222(in Chinese)
[8]苏旺,屈洋,冯佰利,柴岩.垄沟覆膜集水模式提高糜子光合作用和产量[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(13):137-145Su W,Qu Y,Feng B L,Chai Y.Photosynthesis characteristics and yield of broomcorn millet under film mulching on ridgefurrow for harvesting rainwater model in semi-arid region of Northern Shaanxi[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2014,30(13):137-145(in Chinese)
[9]冯晓敏,张永清.水分胁迫对糜子植株苗期生长和光合特性的影响[J].作物学报,2012,38(8):1513-1521Feng X M,Zhang Y Q.Effects of water stress on seedling growth and photosynthesis characteristics in broomcorn millet[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2012,38(8):1513-1521(in Chinese)
[10]李翠,赵伟洁,刘瑞,晁桂梅,周瑜,苏旺,屈洋,冯佰利.水分胁迫对糜子物质运转和籽粒灌浆特性的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2015,33(1):20-27Li C,Zhao W J,Liu R,Chao G M,Zhou Y,Su W,Qu Y,Feng B L.Effects of water stress on dry matter translocation and grain filling characteristics in broomcorn millet[J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,2015,33(1):20-27(in Chinese)
[11]高俊山,魏仰浩.我国糜子的抗旱适应性及其在干旱地区农业生产中的地位[J].粟类作物,1990(2):13-16Gao J S,Wei Y H.Drought-resistance adaptability of broomcorn millet in China and its position in agricultural production in arid areas[J].Millet,1990(2):13-16
[12]刘猛,刘斐,夏雪岩,宋世佳,王慧军,李顺国,张德荣.自然降雨与旱地谷子单产水平关系研究[J].中国农业资源与区划,2016,37(9):48-52Liu M,Liu F,Xia X Y,Song S J,Wang H J,Li S G,Zhang DR.Relationship between natural rainfall and yield of dry foxtail millet[J].Chinese Journal of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,2016,37(9):48-52(in Chinese)
[13]赵京考,卢静,谷思玉,龚振平,温延臣.降雨量和氮素对黑土区春玉米产量的影响[J].农业工程学报,2011,27(12):74-78Zhao J K,Lu J,Gu S Y,Gong Z P,Wen Y C.Effects of precipitation and nitrogen on spring corn yield in black soil regions[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2011,27(12):74-78(in Chinese)
[14]李渝,张雅蓉,张文安,蒋太明.贵州黄壤地区不同施肥处理及降雨量对玉米产量的影响[J].水资源与水工程学报,2015,26(1):230-236Liu Y,Zhang Y R,Zhang W A,Jiang T M.Effects of different fertilizer controls and precipitation on corn yield in yellow soil region of Guizhou[J].Journal of Water Resources&Water Engineering,2015,26(1):230-236(in Chinese)
[15]任小龙,贾志宽,陈小莉,韩娟,韩清芳,丁瑞霞.半干旱区沟垄集雨对玉米光合特性及产量的影响[J].作物学报,2008,34(5):838-845Ren X L,Jia Z K,Chen X L,Han J,Han Q F,Ding R X.Effects of Ridge and furrow planting for rainfall harvesting on photosynthetic characteristics and yield in corn in semi-arid regions[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2008,34(5):838-845(in Chinese)
[16]肖俊夫,刘战东,陈玉民.中国玉米需水量和需水规律研究[J].玉米科学,2008,16(4):21-25Xiao J F,Liu Z D,Chen Y M.Study on the water requirement and water requirement regulation of maize in China[J].Journal of Maize Sciences,2008,16(4):21-25(in Chinese)
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