加蓬海岸盆地油气成藏组合特征及有利目标优选
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摘要
在加蓬海岸盆地最新油气田相关数据与油气地质资料基础上,以储层为核心将盆地划分了盐上、盐下两类共6个油气成藏组合,其中位于盐下有贝利阿斯阶砂岩成藏组合、阿普特阶砂岩成藏组合,盐下油气成藏组合特征为:陆相储层、盐岩上覆遮挡封盖、断裂带运移;而位于盐上有阿尔布阶—赛诺曼阶砂岩成藏组合、马斯特里赫特阶碎屑岩成藏组合、康尼亚克阶—坎潘阶浊积岩成藏组合、始新统—渐新统河道砂岩成藏组合,盐上油气成藏组合特征为:海相储层、盐构造控藏、盐运动沟通源储。以蒙特卡洛模拟为计算方法,以成藏组合为单元进行油气资源评价,计算出加蓬海岸盆地未来30年待发现资源量为6895×10~6bbl,其中石油资源量为5893×10~6bbl,天然气资源量为6005×10~9ft3;凝析油资源量为34×10~6bbl。结合加蓬海岸盆地成藏组合特征分析与资源评价结果,认为阿普特阶砂岩成藏组合为最有利勘探区。
Based on the latest oil and gas field information and petroleum geological data of the Gabon Coastal Basin, it is divided into 6 hydrocarbon plays of two categories(i.e., suprasalt and subsalt) with reservoirs as the core. Among them, Berriasian sandstone play and Aptian sandstone play are located below salt rocks. These subsalt plays are characterized by continental reservoir, salt rock as the overlying barrier and sealing bed and fracture belt as the migration pathway. Albian-Cenomanian sandstone play, Maastrichtian clastic play, Coniacian-Campanian turbidite play and Eocene-Oligocene channel sandstone play are located above salt rocks. And these suprasalt plays are characterized by marine reservoir, salt structure controlling reservoir and salt movement connecting source rock with reservoir. Then, oil and gas resources were evaluated with the play as the unit by means of Monte Carlo method. And according to the calculation results, the resources to be discovered in the Gabon Costal Basin in the following 30 years are 6895×10~6 bbl, including oil resources of 5893×10~6 bbl, natural gas resources of 6005×10~9 ft3 and condensate oil resources of 34×10~6 bbl. It is indicated from the analysis on the characteristics of plays in the Gabon Coastal Basin and the resource evaluation results that Aptian sandstone play is the most favorable exploration target.
Based on the latest oil and gas field information and petroleum geological data of the Gabon Coastal Basin, it is divided into 6 hydrocarbon plays of two categories(i.e., suprasalt and subsalt) with reservoirs as the core. Among them, Berriasian sandstone play and Aptian sandstone play are located below salt rocks. These subsalt plays are characterized by continental reservoir, salt rock as the overlying barrier and sealing bed and fracture belt as the migration pathway. Albian-Cenomanian sandstone play, Maastrichtian clastic play, Coniacian-Campanian turbidite play and Eocene-Oligocene channel sandstone play are located above salt rocks. And these suprasalt plays are characterized by marine reservoir, salt structure controlling reservoir and salt movement connecting source rock with reservoir. Then, oil and gas resources were evaluated with the play as the unit by means of Monte Carlo method. And according to the calculation results, the resources to be discovered in the Gabon Costal Basin in the following 30 years are 6895×10~6 bbl, including oil resources of 5893×10~6 bbl, natural gas resources of 6005×10~9 ft3 and condensate oil resources of 34×10~6 bbl. It is indicated from the analysis on the characteristics of plays in the Gabon Coastal Basin and the resource evaluation results that Aptian sandstone play is the most favorable exploration target.
引文
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[19]Katz B J,Dawson W C,Liro L M,Robison V D,StoneBraker J D.Petroleum system of the Ogooue Delta,Offshore Gabon[C]//Mello M R,Katz B J.Petroleum System of South Atlantic Margins.AAPG Memoir 73,2000:247-257.
[20]Liro L M,Dawson W C.Reservoir systems of selected basins of the South Atlantic[C]//Mello M R,Katz B J.Petroleum System of South Atlantic Margins.AAPG Memoir 73,2000:77-93.
[21]Berlinger S E,Corver M P,Doust H,Cloetingh S,Thurmond A K.A new approach of relating petroleum system and play development to basin evolution:an application to the conjugate margin Gabon coastal and Almada-Camamu basins[J].American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulltetin,2012,96(6):953-982.
[22]赵红岩,于水,黄兴文,郝立业,孙鹏超.加蓬盆地盐下油气勘探潜力评价[J].中国石油勘探,2017,22(5):96-101.Zhao Hongyan,Yu Shui,Huang Xingwen,Hao Liye,Sun Pengchao.Evaluation on petroleum exploration potential in sub-salt layers in Gabon Basin[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2017,22(5):96-101.
[23]王柯,黄兴文,郝建荣.盐岩对烃源岩热演化及储层温度的影响——以加蓬盆地X区块为例[J].油气地质与采收率,2016,23(6):47-51.Wang Ke,Huang Xingwen,Hao Jianrong.Effect of salt on thermal evolution of source rock and the temperature of reservoir:a case study of Block X in Gabon coastal basin[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2016,23(6):47-51.
[24]Brownfield M E,Charpentier R R.Geology and total petroleum systems of the west-central coastal province(7203),West Africa[J].World Energy Project,2006.
[25]刘祚冬,李海江.西非被动大陆边缘盆地盐构造对油气的控制作用[J].石油勘探与开发,2011,38(2):196-201.Liu Zuodong,Li Haijiang.Control of salt structure on hydrocarbon in the passive continental margin of West Africa[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2011,38(2):196-201.
[26]兰蕾,孙玉梅,王柯.南加蓬次盆深水区天然气成因类型及气源探讨[J].中国石油勘探,2017,22(2):67-73.Lan Lei,Sun Yumei,Wang Ke.Genetic types and sources of natural gas in deep water areas in South Gabon Sub-basin[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2017,22(2):67-73.
[27]Brink A H,Petroleum geology of Gabon Basin.American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin,1974,58:216-235.
[28]余一欣,殷进垠,郑俊章,李锋,陶崇智,徐小龙,等.阿姆河盆地成藏组合划分与资源潜力评价[J].石油勘探与开发,2015,42(6):750-756.Yu Yixin,Yin Jinyin,Zheng Junzhang,Li Feng,Tao Chongzhi,Xu Xiaolong,et al.Division and resources evaluation of hydrocarbon plays in the Amu Darya Basin,Central Asia[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2015,42(6):750-756.
[2]Teisserenc P,Villemin J.Sedimentary basin of Gabon geology and oil systems[M].Edwards J D,Santogrossi P A,eds.Divergent/passive Margin Basins.AAPG memoir48,1989,132:117-119.
[3]Karner G D,Driscoll N W,Mc Ginnis J P,Brumbaugh W D,Cameron N R.Tectonic significance of synrift sediment packages across the Gabon-Cabinda continental margin[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,1997,14(7-8):973-1000.
[4]DupréS,Bertotti G,Cloetingh S.Tectonic history along the south Gabon Basin:Anomalous early post-rift subsidence[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2007,24:151-172.
[5]Mounguengui M M,Lang J,Guiraud M.Sedimentary dynamics and extensional structuring related to early Cretaceous rifting of Neocomian and Barremian depositsof the interior basin of Gabon[J].Journal of African Earth Sciences,2008,51:239-256.
[6]Mounguengui M M,Guiraud M.Neocomian to early Aptian syn-rift evolution of the normal to oblique-rifted North Gabon Margin(Interior and N’Komi Basins)[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2009,26:1000-1017.
[7]谯汉生,于兴河.裂谷盆地石油地质[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2004:257-268.Jiao Hansheng,Yu Xinghe.Rift basins petroleum geology[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2004:257-268.
[8]熊利平,王骏,殷进垠,张海清,张发强.西非构造演化及其对油气成藏的控制作用[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(5):641-646.Xiong Liping,Wang Jun,Yin Jinyin,Zhang Haiqing,Zhang Faqiang.Tectonic evolution and its control on hydrocarbon accumulation in West Afica[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2005,26(5):641-646.
[9]徐睿,奥立德.北加蓬次盆白垩系盐构造发育特征及成因分析[J].中国石油勘探,2016,21(5):70-74.Xu Rui,Ao Lide.Genesis and distribution of Cretaceous salt structures in North Gabon Subbasin[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2016,21(5):70-74.
[10]刘延莉,邱春光,熊利平.西非加蓬盆地沉积特征及油气成藏规律研究[J].石油实验地质,2008,30(4):353-362.Liu Yanli,Qiu Chunguang,Xiong Liping.Study of the sedimentary characteristics and hydrocarbon accumulation rules for the Gabon basin,West Africa[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2008,30(4):353-362.
[11]Vidal J.Geology of Grondin Field[C]//Halbouty M T.Giant oil and gas fields of the decade 1968-1978.AAPG Memoir30.1980:577-590.
[12]饶轶群,颜亦卿,王莉莉.加蓬海岸盆地北次盆A区块盐构造特征[J].油气藏评价与开发,2012,2(5):16-20.Rao Yiqun,Yan Yiqing,Wang Lili.Salt tectonic chracteristics of block-A in Gabon coastal basin North sub-basin[J].Reservoir Evaluation and Development,2012,2(5):16-20.
[13]IHS Energy.Gabon Costal Basin[DB/OL].(2013-07-01)[2016-07-15].http://www.ihs.com/.
[14]Kuo L C.Lower Cretaceous lacustrine source rocks in Gabon:effect of organic facies and thermal maturity on crude oil quality[J].Organic Geochemistry,1994,22(2):257-273.
[15]Tellus.Gabon Costal Basin[DB/OL].(2014-05-03)[2016-07-15].http://robertson.cgg.com/.
[16]Allen P A,Allen J R.Basin analysis:principles and application(2nd edition)[M].Blackwell Publishing,MA,USA.2005:1-451.
[17]Doust H.The exploration play:what do we mean by it?[J].American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin,2010,94(11):1657-1672.
[18]Joyes R.Gabon and Douala Basins[A].Africa Exploration Opportunities.Petroconsultants,1995,1-245.
[19]Katz B J,Dawson W C,Liro L M,Robison V D,StoneBraker J D.Petroleum system of the Ogooue Delta,Offshore Gabon[C]//Mello M R,Katz B J.Petroleum System of South Atlantic Margins.AAPG Memoir 73,2000:247-257.
[20]Liro L M,Dawson W C.Reservoir systems of selected basins of the South Atlantic[C]//Mello M R,Katz B J.Petroleum System of South Atlantic Margins.AAPG Memoir 73,2000:77-93.
[21]Berlinger S E,Corver M P,Doust H,Cloetingh S,Thurmond A K.A new approach of relating petroleum system and play development to basin evolution:an application to the conjugate margin Gabon coastal and Almada-Camamu basins[J].American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulltetin,2012,96(6):953-982.
[22]赵红岩,于水,黄兴文,郝立业,孙鹏超.加蓬盆地盐下油气勘探潜力评价[J].中国石油勘探,2017,22(5):96-101.Zhao Hongyan,Yu Shui,Huang Xingwen,Hao Liye,Sun Pengchao.Evaluation on petroleum exploration potential in sub-salt layers in Gabon Basin[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2017,22(5):96-101.
[23]王柯,黄兴文,郝建荣.盐岩对烃源岩热演化及储层温度的影响——以加蓬盆地X区块为例[J].油气地质与采收率,2016,23(6):47-51.Wang Ke,Huang Xingwen,Hao Jianrong.Effect of salt on thermal evolution of source rock and the temperature of reservoir:a case study of Block X in Gabon coastal basin[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2016,23(6):47-51.
[24]Brownfield M E,Charpentier R R.Geology and total petroleum systems of the west-central coastal province(7203),West Africa[J].World Energy Project,2006.
[25]刘祚冬,李海江.西非被动大陆边缘盆地盐构造对油气的控制作用[J].石油勘探与开发,2011,38(2):196-201.Liu Zuodong,Li Haijiang.Control of salt structure on hydrocarbon in the passive continental margin of West Africa[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2011,38(2):196-201.
[26]兰蕾,孙玉梅,王柯.南加蓬次盆深水区天然气成因类型及气源探讨[J].中国石油勘探,2017,22(2):67-73.Lan Lei,Sun Yumei,Wang Ke.Genetic types and sources of natural gas in deep water areas in South Gabon Sub-basin[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2017,22(2):67-73.
[27]Brink A H,Petroleum geology of Gabon Basin.American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin,1974,58:216-235.
[28]余一欣,殷进垠,郑俊章,李锋,陶崇智,徐小龙,等.阿姆河盆地成藏组合划分与资源潜力评价[J].石油勘探与开发,2015,42(6):750-756.Yu Yixin,Yin Jinyin,Zheng Junzhang,Li Feng,Tao Chongzhi,Xu Xiaolong,et al.Division and resources evaluation of hydrocarbon plays in the Amu Darya Basin,Central Asia[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2015,42(6):750-756.