元谋断裂带砂脉及其与断裂活动的关系
|
摘要
依据元谋断裂带砂脉发育的层位、成份、形态、围岩变形特征、区域构造背景和古气候环境,以及断裂带晚第四纪活动特征,结合释光年代学测试结果,讨论砂脉的成因机理及其与断裂带的关系。结果表明,元谋断裂带地表或近地表发育的砂脉较多,产状近直立,延伸较长,沿断裂中-北段构造面平行展布。综合分析砂脉形态、内部结构以及与围岩和断层的空间关系,揭示砂脉的形成应是断裂带强烈运动或地震活动引起的断层带上、次级断裂面上以及构造面附近局部节理面砂土液化的结果,或为伸展构造面裂隙充填物,且可能为同一期地质事件所为,形成时间约为7 kaBP。这些砂脉构造对断裂活动的时限具有重要指示意义,是元谋断裂晚第四纪一次强烈活动的伴生产物。
The sand veins in Yuanmou fault zone have been investigated in the work,and its tectonic implications has been defined.The result shows that the sand veins generally develop in the surface or sub-surface rock straum in the middle-north segment of Yuanmou fault,and extends parallelly along the fault with larger dip angles.In addition,the patterns and structures of the sand veins and its relationship of the host rocks show that the sand veins were filled with the stretchable fracture from the overlying strata as the result of the sand liquefaction from the main fault plane or secondary fault pane which were connected with Yuanmou fault was intensively active,or due to the strong earthquake.Moreover,the thermoluminescence(TL) and optically stimulated luminescence(OSL) dating show that the sand veins were formed about 7 kaBP,indicating a intensive activity of Yuanmou fault during the Late Quaternary.
The sand veins in Yuanmou fault zone have been investigated in the work,and its tectonic implications has been defined.The result shows that the sand veins generally develop in the surface or sub-surface rock straum in the middle-north segment of Yuanmou fault,and extends parallelly along the fault with larger dip angles.In addition,the patterns and structures of the sand veins and its relationship of the host rocks show that the sand veins were filled with the stretchable fracture from the overlying strata as the result of the sand liquefaction from the main fault plane or secondary fault pane which were connected with Yuanmou fault was intensively active,or due to the strong earthquake.Moreover,the thermoluminescence(TL) and optically stimulated luminescence(OSL) dating show that the sand veins were formed about 7 kaBP,indicating a intensive activity of Yuanmou fault during the Late Quaternary.
引文
[1]刘贺娟,孙晓岭,王德海.对前寒武纪一些沉积构造成因的思考:以天津蓟县剖面为例.地球科学与环境学报,2013,35(3):44?54
[2]宋天锐,高健.这些是中国发现的最古老的后生动物痕迹化石吗?.科学通报,1985(12):926?928
[3]乔秀夫,高林志.燕辽裂陷槽中元古代古地震与古地理.古地理学报,2007,9(4):337?352
[4]史晓颖,蒋干清,张传恒,等.华北地台中元古代串岭组页岩中的沙脉构造:17亿年前甲烷气逃逸的沉积标识?.地球科学--中国地质大学学报,2008,33(5):577?590
[5]Gerdes G,Klenke T,Noffke N.Microbial signatures in peritidal siliciclastic sediments:a catalogue.Sedimentology,2000,47(2):279?308
[6]梅冥相.陆源碎屑岩中微生物诱发的沉积构造的成因类型及其分类体系.地质论评,2011,57(3):419?436
[7]Schieber J,Bobse P K,Epiksson P G,et al.Atlas of microbial mat features preserved within the siliciclastic rock record.Amsterdam:Elsevier Science Ltd,2007
[8]李鼎荣.准同生变形构造与古地震.地震,1983(4):18?22
[9]冯先岳.地震振动液化形变的研究.内陆地震,1989,3(4):299?307
[10]杨承先.沙脉、沙火山的特征及其地震意义.西北地震学报,1985,7(2):99?103
[11]卢海峰.元谋?昔格达断裂晚新生代新构造意义.科学通报,2014,5(28/29):2877?2887
[12]卢海峰,姬志杰.昔格达断裂晚第四纪活动特征及强震复发周期.现代地质,2011,25(3):440?446
[13]卢海峰,何仲太,赵俊香,等.元谋断裂晚第四纪活动性定量分析.地球科学--中国地质大学学报,2008,33(6):852?860
[14]蒋长胜,郑勇.中国大陆部分5级以上地震震源机制解[EB/OL].(2008?08?30)[2017?09?24].http://www.cea-igp.ac.cn/kjgxzy/255733.html
[15]钱方,周国兴.元谋第四纪地质与古人类.北京:科学出版社,1991
[16]李庆辰,蒋复初.元谋盆地晚新生代沉积相与环境演变.地理与地理信息科学,1993,9(3):30?36
[17]申旭辉,汪一鹏.云南元谋地区新构造运动基本特征//邓起东.活动断裂研究(8).北京:地震出版社,2001:131?139
[18]姚海涛,邓成龙,吕连清.元谋盆地河湖相沉积物磁性地层学研究综述.地球物理学进展,2005,20(2):518?523
[19]王绳祖,张流.塑性流动网络控制下川滇菱形块体及邻区构造应力场与地震构造.地震地质,2002,24(3):324?334
[20]卢海峰,张路.元谋断裂带(晚)新生代构造应力场浅析.震灾防御技术,2013,8(2):125?134
[21]崔之久,试论多年冻土的冰缘标志及冰川与冰缘作用的关系问题,冰川冻土,1980,2(2):1?6
[22]蒲庆余,吴锡浩,钱方.我国第四纪冰缘地质问题的初步探讨.地质力学学报,1982(2):43?56
[23]冉勇康,李彦宝,杜鹏,等.中国大陆古地震研究的关键技术与案例解析(3)--正断层破裂特征、环境影响与古地震识别.地震地质,2014,36(2):287?301
[24]张叶春,李吉均,朱俊杰,等.晚新生代元谋盆地演化与河谷发育研究.兰州大学学报(自然科学版),1999,35(1):199?205
[2]宋天锐,高健.这些是中国发现的最古老的后生动物痕迹化石吗?.科学通报,1985(12):926?928
[3]乔秀夫,高林志.燕辽裂陷槽中元古代古地震与古地理.古地理学报,2007,9(4):337?352
[4]史晓颖,蒋干清,张传恒,等.华北地台中元古代串岭组页岩中的沙脉构造:17亿年前甲烷气逃逸的沉积标识?.地球科学--中国地质大学学报,2008,33(5):577?590
[5]Gerdes G,Klenke T,Noffke N.Microbial signatures in peritidal siliciclastic sediments:a catalogue.Sedimentology,2000,47(2):279?308
[6]梅冥相.陆源碎屑岩中微生物诱发的沉积构造的成因类型及其分类体系.地质论评,2011,57(3):419?436
[7]Schieber J,Bobse P K,Epiksson P G,et al.Atlas of microbial mat features preserved within the siliciclastic rock record.Amsterdam:Elsevier Science Ltd,2007
[8]李鼎荣.准同生变形构造与古地震.地震,1983(4):18?22
[9]冯先岳.地震振动液化形变的研究.内陆地震,1989,3(4):299?307
[10]杨承先.沙脉、沙火山的特征及其地震意义.西北地震学报,1985,7(2):99?103
[11]卢海峰.元谋?昔格达断裂晚新生代新构造意义.科学通报,2014,5(28/29):2877?2887
[12]卢海峰,姬志杰.昔格达断裂晚第四纪活动特征及强震复发周期.现代地质,2011,25(3):440?446
[13]卢海峰,何仲太,赵俊香,等.元谋断裂晚第四纪活动性定量分析.地球科学--中国地质大学学报,2008,33(6):852?860
[14]蒋长胜,郑勇.中国大陆部分5级以上地震震源机制解[EB/OL].(2008?08?30)[2017?09?24].http://www.cea-igp.ac.cn/kjgxzy/255733.html
[15]钱方,周国兴.元谋第四纪地质与古人类.北京:科学出版社,1991
[16]李庆辰,蒋复初.元谋盆地晚新生代沉积相与环境演变.地理与地理信息科学,1993,9(3):30?36
[17]申旭辉,汪一鹏.云南元谋地区新构造运动基本特征//邓起东.活动断裂研究(8).北京:地震出版社,2001:131?139
[18]姚海涛,邓成龙,吕连清.元谋盆地河湖相沉积物磁性地层学研究综述.地球物理学进展,2005,20(2):518?523
[19]王绳祖,张流.塑性流动网络控制下川滇菱形块体及邻区构造应力场与地震构造.地震地质,2002,24(3):324?334
[20]卢海峰,张路.元谋断裂带(晚)新生代构造应力场浅析.震灾防御技术,2013,8(2):125?134
[21]崔之久,试论多年冻土的冰缘标志及冰川与冰缘作用的关系问题,冰川冻土,1980,2(2):1?6
[22]蒲庆余,吴锡浩,钱方.我国第四纪冰缘地质问题的初步探讨.地质力学学报,1982(2):43?56
[23]冉勇康,李彦宝,杜鹏,等.中国大陆古地震研究的关键技术与案例解析(3)--正断层破裂特征、环境影响与古地震识别.地震地质,2014,36(2):287?301
[24]张叶春,李吉均,朱俊杰,等.晚新生代元谋盆地演化与河谷发育研究.兰州大学学报(自然科学版),1999,35(1):199?205