V型叶尖对风力机振动特性影响的实验研究
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摘要
为了找到不同几何参数V型叶尖结构对风力机振动特性的影响,利用PULSE18.0结构振动分析系统结合瞬态激振法,选取振动频率范围0～400 Hz和特定激励点,获得叶轮的固有频率;在低速风洞中,通过三向振动加速度传感器测定额定风速12 m/s时不同转速所对应的振动加速度,并分析改型前后叶轮前二阶振动频率。结果表明:改变叶尖形状减小其质量后获得的V-1型叶尖叶片和V-2型叶尖叶片其固有频率均比未改型叶片要高;改型后的叶片先于未改型叶片脱离共振带,其中V-2型叶尖叶片最早脱离共振带,这对于叶片避免共振和叶片叶尖外形的设计有一定的借鉴意义。
In order to find the influence of V type blade structures with different geometric parameters on the Vibration characteristics of wind turbines, using the PULSE18.0 structural vibration analysis system combined with the transient excitation method, the vibration frequency range 0～400 Hz and the specific excitation point are selected, obtain the natural frequency of the blade; In the low-speed wind tunnel, Vibration acceleration corresponding to different speeds at rated wind speed of 12 m/s was measured by three-direction vibration acceleration sensor, and the vibration frequency before and after the modification was analyzed. The results showed that the natural frequencies of V-1 and V-2-type blade whose mass are reduced because of changing shape were all higher than those of prototype blade. By testing the vibration characteristics of the blade, we found that the modified blade leave the resonance band earlier than the unmodified blade. The V-2-type blade is the earliest one to leave the resonance band, this has some reference for the designing of the blade tip shape and to avoid resonance.
In order to find the influence of V type blade structures with different geometric parameters on the Vibration characteristics of wind turbines, using the PULSE18.0 structural vibration analysis system combined with the transient excitation method, the vibration frequency range 0～400 Hz and the specific excitation point are selected, obtain the natural frequency of the blade; In the low-speed wind tunnel, Vibration acceleration corresponding to different speeds at rated wind speed of 12 m/s was measured by three-direction vibration acceleration sensor, and the vibration frequency before and after the modification was analyzed. The results showed that the natural frequencies of V-1 and V-2-type blade whose mass are reduced because of changing shape were all higher than those of prototype blade. By testing the vibration characteristics of the blade, we found that the modified blade leave the resonance band earlier than the unmodified blade. The V-2-type blade is the earliest one to leave the resonance band, this has some reference for the designing of the blade tip shape and to avoid resonance.
引文
[1]张海龙.中国新能源发展研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2014ZHAI Hailong. China New Energy Development Research[D]. Changchun:Jilin University, 2014
[2]程荃.欧盟新能源法律与政策研究[D].武汉:武汉大学,2012CHENG Quan. Research On the New Energy Law and Policy of the European Union[D]. Wuhan:Wuhan University, 2012
[3]刘德顺,戴巨川,胡燕,等.现代大型风电机组现状与发展趋势[J].中国机械工程,2013, 24(1):125-135LIU Deshun, DAI Juchuan, HU Yanping, et. Status and Development Trend of Modern Large-scale Wind Turbines[D]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2013, 24(1):125-135
[4]程明,张运乾.风力发电机发展现状及研究进展[J].电力科学与技术学报,2009, 24(3):2-9CHENG Ming, ZHANG Yunqian. Development and Research Progress of Wind Power Generators[J]. Journal ofElectric Power Science and Technology, 2009, 24(3):2-9
[5]杨蓉.高层建筑屋顶风能利用研究[D].泉州:华侨大学,2011YANG Rong. Wind Energy Utilization on Roof of the High-rise Building[D]. Quanzhou:Huaqiao University,2011
[6]徐超,张兆德,于晓龙.1.5 MW风力机叶片设计与气动性能分析[J].浙江海洋学院学报,2015, 34(2):145-150XU Chao, ZHANG Zhaolong, YU Xiaolong. Design and Aerodynamic Performance Analysis of 1.5 MW Wind Turbine Blade[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Ocean University, 2015,34(2):145-150
[7]马剑龙,汪建文,董波等.S型叶尖小翼对风轮振动频率影响的研究[J].振动与冲击,2013, 32(24):110-116, 124MA Jianlong, WANG Jianwen, DONG Bo, et. Effect of S-shaped Tip Vanes on Vibration Frequencies of Wind Wheels[J]. Journal of Vibration And Shock, 2013, 32(24):110-116, 124
[8]蒋维.大型风力机叶片模态测试与分析[J].电网与清洁能源,2012, 28(11):95-99JIANG Wei. Modal Experiment and Analysis of LargeScale Wind Turbine Blade[J]. Power System and Clean Energy, 2012, 28(11):95-99
[9]李亮.风力机叶片多模态耦合振动研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2014LI Liang. Research on Multi-mode Coupling Vibration of Wind Turbine Blades[D]. Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University, 2014
[10]Ikeda T, Harata Y, Sasagawa Y, et. Vibration Suppression of Wind Turbine Blades Using Tuned Mass Dampers[C]//Proceedings of the ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. Buffalo, 2014:60-67
[11]Marulo F, Petrone G., Dalessandro V. Operational Modal Analysis on a Wind Turbine Blade[C]//Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Noise and Vibration Engineering, ISMA 2014, Including the 5th International Conference on Uncertainty in Structural Dynamics, USD Leuven, Belgium, 2014:96-108
[12]Vermillion C. Altitude and Crosswind Motion Control for Optimal Power-Point Tracking in Tethered Wind Energy Systems With Airborne Power Generation[J]. ASME Dynamic Systems Control Conference, 2013, 3(1):39-44
[13]Kaza K R V, Hammond C E. An Investigation of Flap-lag Stability of Wind Turbine Rotors in the Presence of Velocity Gradients and Helicopter Rotors in Forward Fight[C]//Proceedings of AIAA/ASME/SAE 17th Structures,Pennsylvania, USA, 1976:5-7
[14]Sunho P, Taesung P, Kyungseop H. Real-Time Monitoring of Composite Wind Turbine Blades Using Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors[J]. Advanced Composite Materials, 2011,20(1):39-51
[15]代元军,任常在,徐立军等.V型叶尖结构对风力机叶尖区域气动噪声影响的实验研究[5].太阳能学报,2017, 38(2):472-477DAI Yuanjun, REN Changzai, XU Lijun, et al. Experimental Study of Effect of V-type Blade Tip Structure on Aerodynamic Noise at Tip Region of Wind Turbine[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2017, 38(2):472-477
[2]程荃.欧盟新能源法律与政策研究[D].武汉:武汉大学,2012CHENG Quan. Research On the New Energy Law and Policy of the European Union[D]. Wuhan:Wuhan University, 2012
[3]刘德顺,戴巨川,胡燕,等.现代大型风电机组现状与发展趋势[J].中国机械工程,2013, 24(1):125-135LIU Deshun, DAI Juchuan, HU Yanping, et. Status and Development Trend of Modern Large-scale Wind Turbines[D]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2013, 24(1):125-135
[4]程明,张运乾.风力发电机发展现状及研究进展[J].电力科学与技术学报,2009, 24(3):2-9CHENG Ming, ZHANG Yunqian. Development and Research Progress of Wind Power Generators[J]. Journal ofElectric Power Science and Technology, 2009, 24(3):2-9
[5]杨蓉.高层建筑屋顶风能利用研究[D].泉州:华侨大学,2011YANG Rong. Wind Energy Utilization on Roof of the High-rise Building[D]. Quanzhou:Huaqiao University,2011
[6]徐超,张兆德,于晓龙.1.5 MW风力机叶片设计与气动性能分析[J].浙江海洋学院学报,2015, 34(2):145-150XU Chao, ZHANG Zhaolong, YU Xiaolong. Design and Aerodynamic Performance Analysis of 1.5 MW Wind Turbine Blade[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Ocean University, 2015,34(2):145-150
[7]马剑龙,汪建文,董波等.S型叶尖小翼对风轮振动频率影响的研究[J].振动与冲击,2013, 32(24):110-116, 124MA Jianlong, WANG Jianwen, DONG Bo, et. Effect of S-shaped Tip Vanes on Vibration Frequencies of Wind Wheels[J]. Journal of Vibration And Shock, 2013, 32(24):110-116, 124
[8]蒋维.大型风力机叶片模态测试与分析[J].电网与清洁能源,2012, 28(11):95-99JIANG Wei. Modal Experiment and Analysis of LargeScale Wind Turbine Blade[J]. Power System and Clean Energy, 2012, 28(11):95-99
[9]李亮.风力机叶片多模态耦合振动研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2014LI Liang. Research on Multi-mode Coupling Vibration of Wind Turbine Blades[D]. Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University, 2014
[10]Ikeda T, Harata Y, Sasagawa Y, et. Vibration Suppression of Wind Turbine Blades Using Tuned Mass Dampers[C]//Proceedings of the ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. Buffalo, 2014:60-67
[11]Marulo F, Petrone G., Dalessandro V. Operational Modal Analysis on a Wind Turbine Blade[C]//Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Noise and Vibration Engineering, ISMA 2014, Including the 5th International Conference on Uncertainty in Structural Dynamics, USD Leuven, Belgium, 2014:96-108
[12]Vermillion C. Altitude and Crosswind Motion Control for Optimal Power-Point Tracking in Tethered Wind Energy Systems With Airborne Power Generation[J]. ASME Dynamic Systems Control Conference, 2013, 3(1):39-44
[13]Kaza K R V, Hammond C E. An Investigation of Flap-lag Stability of Wind Turbine Rotors in the Presence of Velocity Gradients and Helicopter Rotors in Forward Fight[C]//Proceedings of AIAA/ASME/SAE 17th Structures,Pennsylvania, USA, 1976:5-7
[14]Sunho P, Taesung P, Kyungseop H. Real-Time Monitoring of Composite Wind Turbine Blades Using Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors[J]. Advanced Composite Materials, 2011,20(1):39-51
[15]代元军,任常在,徐立军等.V型叶尖结构对风力机叶尖区域气动噪声影响的实验研究[5].太阳能学报,2017, 38(2):472-477DAI Yuanjun, REN Changzai, XU Lijun, et al. Experimental Study of Effect of V-type Blade Tip Structure on Aerodynamic Noise at Tip Region of Wind Turbine[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2017, 38(2):472-477