水生动物洄游分布研究方法综述
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摘要
水生动物洄游分布是水生生物学研究的主要内容,目的是掌握水生动物洄游分布规律及其与水域环境之间的关系,以制定有效的资源保护和管理策略。标记技术监测、物种分布模型预测、生物体组织微量元素与稳定同位素分析推测是此类研究的主要方法,已被广泛应用于气候变化背景下水生动物洄游分布的研究。上述3种方法包括多种技术手段、模型以及分析测试内容,但现有研究报道缺乏对各种监测或预测方法的系统梳理,也鲜有各方法彼此之间的交叉或组合研究。本文从标记技术、物种分布模型、生物体组织微量元素与稳定同位素分析3个层面综述了水生动物洄游分布研究方法的特点及进展,同时,依据文献统计计量数据,明确了相关方法的实际应用情况。研究表明,3种方法是水生动物洄游分布研究的有效工具,现有研究注重每种方法内部之间的比较与改进,后续研究应加强3种方法彼此之间的交叉与组合研究。此外,对于渔业资源生物,渔获量统计分析法也可作为获得其洄游分布规律及适宜环境因子范围的研究方法。
Migration and distribution of aquatic animals have always been considered as the research hotspots of aquatic ecology, and the aim is to understand the pattern of migration and the relationship between migration and environmental factors. This kind of research plays an important role in the protection and management strategy of aquatic animals. Monitor by tagging, prediction by species distribution models, speculation based on analysis of microchemistry and stable isotope recorded in organism tissues are the three main methods and have widely been used in the research aspects including species distribution under climate influence. The three methods consist of many technological tools, models and test contents in its own method system respectively, but little study has focused on the summary of these methods, and collaborative usage of the three methods has not received high attention. So the three main methods for understanding migration and distribution of aquatic animals were reviewed. Meanwhile, literature research on migration and distribution of aquatic animals using related methods was introduced to some extent. The three methods were recognized as effective tools for understanding migration and distribution of aquatic animals, and the present study has focused on the comparison among the different means which were used in each of the three methods, but little research has displayed high value on collaborative usage of the three methods. In addition, statistical analysis of catch can be used to know the migration pattern of fishes and other fishery resources in fishery. The suggestions listed in this paper can provide good reference for the research on migration and distribution of aquatic animals.
Migration and distribution of aquatic animals have always been considered as the research hotspots of aquatic ecology, and the aim is to understand the pattern of migration and the relationship between migration and environmental factors. This kind of research plays an important role in the protection and management strategy of aquatic animals. Monitor by tagging, prediction by species distribution models, speculation based on analysis of microchemistry and stable isotope recorded in organism tissues are the three main methods and have widely been used in the research aspects including species distribution under climate influence. The three methods consist of many technological tools, models and test contents in its own method system respectively, but little study has focused on the summary of these methods, and collaborative usage of the three methods has not received high attention. So the three main methods for understanding migration and distribution of aquatic animals were reviewed. Meanwhile, literature research on migration and distribution of aquatic animals using related methods was introduced to some extent. The three methods were recognized as effective tools for understanding migration and distribution of aquatic animals, and the present study has focused on the comparison among the different means which were used in each of the three methods, but little research has displayed high value on collaborative usage of the three methods. In addition, statistical analysis of catch can be used to know the migration pattern of fishes and other fishery resources in fishery. The suggestions listed in this paper can provide good reference for the research on migration and distribution of aquatic animals.
引文
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