惯性管与脉管间的连接方式对调相能力影响的数值模拟研究
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摘要
脉管制冷机中脉管和惯性管接口处截面积变化较大,很容易产生射流,因此在接口处需做导流处理,使流动损失降到最小。计算分别采用不同连接方式-圆锥型倒角,导流丝网装置和挡板,用于脉管和惯性管之间的连接。利用流体计算软件Fluent进行数值模拟,构建起包括脉管、惯性管和气库的二维轴对称数值模型。分析了不同工作频率下,不同连接方式对惯性管工作性能的影响。结果表明使用锥角连接,损失几乎为零;使用丝网连接会造成一定的损失;添加挡板会使脉管内层流分布更加均匀。
In the pulse tube refrigerator, the cross-sectional area of the interface between pulse tube and inertance tube changes greatly,where is easy to generate jet flow. Therefore, a diversion treatment is needed to minimize the flow loss. Three kinds of connection methods, conical transition section, porous-type mesh and baffle were studied. Fluent software was used for numerical simulation, and two dimensional axisymmetric numerical model including pulse tube, inertance tube and reservoir were constructed. The influence of the connection method on the performance of inertance tube working at different frequencies is analized. The results show that the pressure-drop is near to zero by using the cone to connectthe pulse tube and the inertance tube, and the drop is small by using prorous-type mesh to connect. The incorporation of small round plate makes the flow more uniform.
In the pulse tube refrigerator, the cross-sectional area of the interface between pulse tube and inertance tube changes greatly,where is easy to generate jet flow. Therefore, a diversion treatment is needed to minimize the flow loss. Three kinds of connection methods, conical transition section, porous-type mesh and baffle were studied. Fluent software was used for numerical simulation, and two dimensional axisymmetric numerical model including pulse tube, inertance tube and reservoir were constructed. The influence of the connection method on the performance of inertance tube working at different frequencies is analized. The results show that the pressure-drop is near to zero by using the cone to connectthe pulse tube and the inertance tube, and the drop is small by using prorous-type mesh to connect. The incorporation of small round plate makes the flow more uniform.
引文
1 Radebaugh R.Development of the Pulse Tube Refrigerator as an Efficient and Reliable Cryocooler[M]. In: Proc. Institute of Refrigeration. London, 1999-2000.
2 Gardner D L, Swift G W. Use of inertance in orifice pulse tube refrigerators[J]. Cryogenics, 1997, 37(2):117-121.
3 朱绍伟, 吴沛宜, 陈钟颀. 双向进气脉管制冷机:CN2052510U[P]. 1990-02-07.Zhu Shaowei,Wu Peiyi,Chen Zhongyi.Double inlet pulse tube refrigerator: an important inprovement Cryogenics[P].CN2052510.1990
4 Luo E, Radebaugh R, Lewis M. Inertance Tube Models and Their Experimental Verification[J]. 2004, 710(1):1485-1492.
5 陈国邦. 最新低温制冷技术[M]. 北京:机械工业出版社, 2003.Chen Guobang.The Latest Technology of Refrigeration and Cryogenic [M].Beijing:China Machine Press,2003.
6 Radebaugh R, Lewis M, Luo E, et al. Inertance tube optimization for pulse tube refrigerators[C]. American Institute of Physics, 2006:59-67.
7 俞益波, 邱利民, 张小斌. 基于CFD的惯性管流动特性研究[J]. 低温工程, 2011(1):6-10.Yu Yibo,Qiu Limin,Zhang Xiaobin.Study on flow characteristics in inertance tube based on CFD [J].Cryogenics,2011(1):6-10.
8 赵密广, 梁惊涛, 杨鲁伟,等. 脉冲管制冷机中惯性管的数值模拟研究[J]. 工程热物理学报, 2006, 27(z1):29-32.Zhao Miguang, Liang Jingtao, Yang Luwei, et al. Numerical simulation study of inertance tube in the pulse tube cryocooler[J].Journal of Enginering Thermophysics,2006,27(z1): 29-32.
9 Radebaugh R, Lewis M, Luo E, et al. Inertance Tube Optimization for Pulse Tube Refrigerators[C].Aip Conference. American Institute of Physics, 2006:59-67.
2 Gardner D L, Swift G W. Use of inertance in orifice pulse tube refrigerators[J]. Cryogenics, 1997, 37(2):117-121.
3 朱绍伟, 吴沛宜, 陈钟颀. 双向进气脉管制冷机:CN2052510U[P]. 1990-02-07.Zhu Shaowei,Wu Peiyi,Chen Zhongyi.Double inlet pulse tube refrigerator: an important inprovement Cryogenics[P].CN2052510.1990
4 Luo E, Radebaugh R, Lewis M. Inertance Tube Models and Their Experimental Verification[J]. 2004, 710(1):1485-1492.
5 陈国邦. 最新低温制冷技术[M]. 北京:机械工业出版社, 2003.Chen Guobang.The Latest Technology of Refrigeration and Cryogenic [M].Beijing:China Machine Press,2003.
6 Radebaugh R, Lewis M, Luo E, et al. Inertance tube optimization for pulse tube refrigerators[C]. American Institute of Physics, 2006:59-67.
7 俞益波, 邱利民, 张小斌. 基于CFD的惯性管流动特性研究[J]. 低温工程, 2011(1):6-10.Yu Yibo,Qiu Limin,Zhang Xiaobin.Study on flow characteristics in inertance tube based on CFD [J].Cryogenics,2011(1):6-10.
8 赵密广, 梁惊涛, 杨鲁伟,等. 脉冲管制冷机中惯性管的数值模拟研究[J]. 工程热物理学报, 2006, 27(z1):29-32.Zhao Miguang, Liang Jingtao, Yang Luwei, et al. Numerical simulation study of inertance tube in the pulse tube cryocooler[J].Journal of Enginering Thermophysics,2006,27(z1): 29-32.
9 Radebaugh R, Lewis M, Luo E, et al. Inertance Tube Optimization for Pulse Tube Refrigerators[C].Aip Conference. American Institute of Physics, 2006:59-67.