信息化对中国承接离岸服务外包的影响——路径分析与实证检验
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摘要
在当前全球服务外包活动已进入以云计算、物联网、大数据等新一代ICT技术为核心驱动力的3.0时代背景下,研究信息化对中国承接离岸服务外包的影响。理论分析认为:信息化尤其是新一代ICT技术的应用可以衍生新的服务外包市场需求,延长产业链产生正向外溢效应,增强一国承接离岸服务外包的国际竞争力,进而有利于承接离岸服务外包;利用2006～2016年中国省际面板数据的实证检验结果与理论预期相符,信息化对中国承接离岸服务外包规模的影响显著为正,在控制了劳动力成本等其他影响因素之后,实证检验结论依然稳健。建议政府和企业对新一代ICT技术在服务外包产业中的应用给予密切关注,更好地利用信息化培育承接离岸服务外包的国际竞争新优势。
The current global service outsourcing activities have entered the 3.0 era in which the new generation ICT technologies such as cloud computing, internet of things and big data are the core driving force. Basing on such background, this paper studies the impact of informatization on offshore service outsourcing in China, the theoretical analysis believes that the application of informatization especially the new-generation ICT technology can generate new demand for service outsourcing markets, prolong the industry chain and produce positive spillover effect, enhance the a country's international competitiveness of offshore service outsourcing, which will facilitate the expansion of offshore service outsourcing scale. Using China's provincial panel data from 2006 to 2016, the empirical test results are in line with the theoretical expectation, the impact of informatization level on China's offshore service outsourcing scale is significantly positive, and it is still robust after other influencing factors like labor costs etc. are controlled. It proposes that the government and enterprises pay close attention to the application of a new generation of ICT technology in the service outsourcing industry, and make better use of information to foster the new international competition advantages to undertake offshore service outsourcing.
The current global service outsourcing activities have entered the 3.0 era in which the new generation ICT technologies such as cloud computing, internet of things and big data are the core driving force. Basing on such background, this paper studies the impact of informatization on offshore service outsourcing in China, the theoretical analysis believes that the application of informatization especially the new-generation ICT technology can generate new demand for service outsourcing markets, prolong the industry chain and produce positive spillover effect, enhance the a country's international competitiveness of offshore service outsourcing, which will facilitate the expansion of offshore service outsourcing scale. Using China's provincial panel data from 2006 to 2016, the empirical test results are in line with the theoretical expectation, the impact of informatization level on China's offshore service outsourcing scale is significantly positive, and it is still robust after other influencing factors like labor costs etc. are controlled. It proposes that the government and enterprises pay close attention to the application of a new generation of ICT technology in the service outsourcing industry, and make better use of information to foster the new international competition advantages to undertake offshore service outsourcing.
引文
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[2] Click R L,Duening T N.Business Process Outsourcing:the Competitive Advantage[M].Hoboken,NJ:Wiley,2005.
[3] Ndubisi N,Conflict Handling,Trust And Commitment In Outsourcing Relationship:A Chinese And Indian Study[J].Industrial Marketing Management,2011,40(1):109-117.
[4] 王爱虎,钟雨晨.中国吸引跨国外包的经济环境和政策研究[J].经济研究,2006(8):81-92.
[5] 裘莹,张曙霄.新兴市场国家离岸服务外包政策有效性的实证研究[J].国际经贸探索,2014,30(7):59-73.
[6] 朱福林,夏杰长,胡艳君.我国生产性离岸服务外包竞争力影响因素的实证研究[J].国际商务(对外经济贸易大学学报),2015(3):86-93.
[7] 施锦芳,闫飞虎.金砖五国承接离岸服务外包竞争力及影响因素分析[J].宏观经济研究,2016(3):35-45.
[8] 尚庆琛.中国离岸服务外包的影响因素研究——基于欧盟国家截面数据的实证分析[J].亚太经济,2017(2):50-55+174.
[9] Unctad.World Investment Report 2004:The Shift Towards Service[R].2004.
[10] 黄烨菁,权衡,黎晓寅.印度IT服务外包产业的可持续发展——产业价值链为视角的分析[J].世界经济研究,2014(5):81-86+89.
[11] Levina N,Ross J.W.From the Vendor's Perspective:Exploring the Value Proposition in Information Technology Outsourcing[J].MIS Quarterly,2003,27(3):331-364.
[12] Farrell D.Offshoring:Value Creation Through Economic Change[J].Journal of Management Studies,2010,42 (3) :675-683.
[13] Khan S U,Niazi M,Ahmad R.Barriers in the Selection of Offshore Software Development Outsourcing Vendors:An Exploratory Study Using a Systematic Literature Review[J].Information and Software Technology,2011,53(7):693-706.
[14] 宋丽丽,薛求知.国际服务外包供应商选择影响因素研究——基于在华服务承接企业的实证分析[J].财贸经济,2009(8):80-86.
[15] 黄琴琴,李钧.离岸IT服务外包发包方选择承接商的影响因素研究——基于上海地区的实证分析[J].国际商务研究,2016,37(3):66-76.
[16] 江暮红.我国离岸服务外包业务的发展现状与升级途径[J].对外经贸实务,2018(4):28-31.
[17] Trefler D.Off Shoring:Threats and Opportunities[R].Brookings Trade Forum,Washington D C,2005.722.
[18] Stratman J K.Facilitatingof Off Shoring With Enterprise Technologies Reducing Operational Friction In The Governance And Production of Services [J].Journal of Operations Management,2008(26):275-287.
[19] 卢锋.我国承接国际服务外包问题研究[J].经济研究,2007(9):49-61.
[20] 黄鹤.中国承接离岸服务外包影响因素研究[J].改革与战略,2017,33(2):147-150.
[21] 朱胜勇,李文秀.服务外包发展的影响因素及启示——基于部分OECD国家服务外包的分析[J].软科学,2009,23(5):9-13+17.
[22] 刘艳.离岸服务外包承接能力的影响因素分析[J].国际商务研究,2010,31(1):10-16+72.
[23] 吕延方,赵进文.中国承接服务外包影响因素分析——基于多国面板数据的实证检验[J].财贸经济,2010(7):89-97.
[24] 戴军,武红阵,严世清,韩振.中国21城市承接国际服务外包的竞争力实证研究[J].亚太经济,2015(5):102-106.
[25] 沈鹏熠.中国企业承接离岸服务外包关键成功因素实证研究[J].国际经贸探索,2013,29(1):25-34.
[26] 顾国达,李金城,张洪胜.信息化能否增进一国高技术产业的比较优势?——基于1995～2011年39国信息化和附加值贸易数据的实证研究[J].浙江大学学报(人文社会科学版),2017,47(3):202-216.
[27] Grossman G M,Helpman E.Out Sourcing in a Global Economy[J].The Review of Economic Studies,2005,72(1) :135-159.
[28] 王慧敏.云计算服务外包模式[J].信息与电脑(理论版),2015(7):67-70.
[29] 邹春燕.云计算影响下的黑龙江省服务外包产业发展研究[J].对外经贸,2014(1):94-96.
[30] 杨高,江心英.物联网对服务外包产业的影响探讨[J].商业时代,2011(29):129-130.
[31] 国家统计局统计科研所信息化统计评价研究组,杨京英,熊友达,安筱鹏,苑春荟,姜澍,何强.信息化发展指数优化研究报告[J].管理世界,2011(12):1-11.
① National Association of Software and Service Companies,印度软件和服务业企业行业协会。
① 山西、青海、广西、贵州、西藏、宁夏、新疆、海南、香港、澳门、台湾由于数据缺失而未能被包括在样本中。
[2] Click R L,Duening T N.Business Process Outsourcing:the Competitive Advantage[M].Hoboken,NJ:Wiley,2005.
[3] Ndubisi N,Conflict Handling,Trust And Commitment In Outsourcing Relationship:A Chinese And Indian Study[J].Industrial Marketing Management,2011,40(1):109-117.
[4] 王爱虎,钟雨晨.中国吸引跨国外包的经济环境和政策研究[J].经济研究,2006(8):81-92.
[5] 裘莹,张曙霄.新兴市场国家离岸服务外包政策有效性的实证研究[J].国际经贸探索,2014,30(7):59-73.
[6] 朱福林,夏杰长,胡艳君.我国生产性离岸服务外包竞争力影响因素的实证研究[J].国际商务(对外经济贸易大学学报),2015(3):86-93.
[7] 施锦芳,闫飞虎.金砖五国承接离岸服务外包竞争力及影响因素分析[J].宏观经济研究,2016(3):35-45.
[8] 尚庆琛.中国离岸服务外包的影响因素研究——基于欧盟国家截面数据的实证分析[J].亚太经济,2017(2):50-55+174.
[9] Unctad.World Investment Report 2004:The Shift Towards Service[R].2004.
[10] 黄烨菁,权衡,黎晓寅.印度IT服务外包产业的可持续发展——产业价值链为视角的分析[J].世界经济研究,2014(5):81-86+89.
[11] Levina N,Ross J.W.From the Vendor's Perspective:Exploring the Value Proposition in Information Technology Outsourcing[J].MIS Quarterly,2003,27(3):331-364.
[12] Farrell D.Offshoring:Value Creation Through Economic Change[J].Journal of Management Studies,2010,42 (3) :675-683.
[13] Khan S U,Niazi M,Ahmad R.Barriers in the Selection of Offshore Software Development Outsourcing Vendors:An Exploratory Study Using a Systematic Literature Review[J].Information and Software Technology,2011,53(7):693-706.
[14] 宋丽丽,薛求知.国际服务外包供应商选择影响因素研究——基于在华服务承接企业的实证分析[J].财贸经济,2009(8):80-86.
[15] 黄琴琴,李钧.离岸IT服务外包发包方选择承接商的影响因素研究——基于上海地区的实证分析[J].国际商务研究,2016,37(3):66-76.
[16] 江暮红.我国离岸服务外包业务的发展现状与升级途径[J].对外经贸实务,2018(4):28-31.
[17] Trefler D.Off Shoring:Threats and Opportunities[R].Brookings Trade Forum,Washington D C,2005.722.
[18] Stratman J K.Facilitatingof Off Shoring With Enterprise Technologies Reducing Operational Friction In The Governance And Production of Services [J].Journal of Operations Management,2008(26):275-287.
[19] 卢锋.我国承接国际服务外包问题研究[J].经济研究,2007(9):49-61.
[20] 黄鹤.中国承接离岸服务外包影响因素研究[J].改革与战略,2017,33(2):147-150.
[21] 朱胜勇,李文秀.服务外包发展的影响因素及启示——基于部分OECD国家服务外包的分析[J].软科学,2009,23(5):9-13+17.
[22] 刘艳.离岸服务外包承接能力的影响因素分析[J].国际商务研究,2010,31(1):10-16+72.
[23] 吕延方,赵进文.中国承接服务外包影响因素分析——基于多国面板数据的实证检验[J].财贸经济,2010(7):89-97.
[24] 戴军,武红阵,严世清,韩振.中国21城市承接国际服务外包的竞争力实证研究[J].亚太经济,2015(5):102-106.
[25] 沈鹏熠.中国企业承接离岸服务外包关键成功因素实证研究[J].国际经贸探索,2013,29(1):25-34.
[26] 顾国达,李金城,张洪胜.信息化能否增进一国高技术产业的比较优势?——基于1995～2011年39国信息化和附加值贸易数据的实证研究[J].浙江大学学报(人文社会科学版),2017,47(3):202-216.
[27] Grossman G M,Helpman E.Out Sourcing in a Global Economy[J].The Review of Economic Studies,2005,72(1) :135-159.
[28] 王慧敏.云计算服务外包模式[J].信息与电脑(理论版),2015(7):67-70.
[29] 邹春燕.云计算影响下的黑龙江省服务外包产业发展研究[J].对外经贸,2014(1):94-96.
[30] 杨高,江心英.物联网对服务外包产业的影响探讨[J].商业时代,2011(29):129-130.
[31] 国家统计局统计科研所信息化统计评价研究组,杨京英,熊友达,安筱鹏,苑春荟,姜澍,何强.信息化发展指数优化研究报告[J].管理世界,2011(12):1-11.
① National Association of Software and Service Companies,印度软件和服务业企业行业协会。
① 山西、青海、广西、贵州、西藏、宁夏、新疆、海南、香港、澳门、台湾由于数据缺失而未能被包括在样本中。
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