露天矿采空区深孔台阶爆破的合理参数确定
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摘要
为了减少安家岭露天矿爆破成本和提高爆破效果,用LS-DYNA软件模拟真实的现场环境和爆破过程,探讨并获得了30 m高度台阶的合理炮孔顶部充填长度和炸药单耗量。结果表明:在炮孔充填长度分别为7 m、7.5 m、8 m、8.5 m和9 m时,通过比较岩石最不利破碎点Y方向上拉应力与抗拉强度的大小,得出炮孔充填长度合理区间为8~8.5 m;在炸药单耗分别为0.45 kg/m3、0.50 kg/m3、0.55 kg/m3和0.60 kg/m3时,通过比较台阶坡底自由面处、两炮孔中心线延线距自由面0.5 m处和Y方向上相同高度台阶坡面处的拉应力与抗拉强的大小,得出合理的炸药单耗量为0.55 kg/m3。
In order to reduce blasting cost and to improve the blasting effect in Anjialing open-pit mine,the software of LS-DYNA was used to simulate the real environment and blasting process,by which the blasting hole stemming length and specific charge on the 30 m bench height condition were obtained. The results show that,on different cases of stemming length with 7 m,7. 5 m,8 m,8. 5 m and 9 m,by comparing the most unfavorable rock broken point of tensile stress and tensile strength on the Y direction,the reasonable stemming length was obtained as 8 m to8. 5 m; when the specific charge was 0. 45 kg / m3,0. 50 kg/m3,0. 55 kg/m3 and 0. 60 kg / m3 respectively,by comparing the tensile stress and tensile strength on bench toe of free surface,the same height of bench face on the Y direction and the two-hole extended line near to free surface 0. 5 m,the reasonable specific charge was given as 0. 55 kg / m3.
In order to reduce blasting cost and to improve the blasting effect in Anjialing open-pit mine,the software of LS-DYNA was used to simulate the real environment and blasting process,by which the blasting hole stemming length and specific charge on the 30 m bench height condition were obtained. The results show that,on different cases of stemming length with 7 m,7. 5 m,8 m,8. 5 m and 9 m,by comparing the most unfavorable rock broken point of tensile stress and tensile strength on the Y direction,the reasonable stemming length was obtained as 8 m to8. 5 m; when the specific charge was 0. 45 kg / m3,0. 50 kg/m3,0. 55 kg/m3 and 0. 60 kg / m3 respectively,by comparing the tensile stress and tensile strength on bench toe of free surface,the same height of bench face on the Y direction and the two-hole extended line near to free surface 0. 5 m,the reasonable specific charge was given as 0. 55 kg / m3.
引文
[1]刘记鹏,尚涛,赵俊,等.露天矿采空区分析处理[J].露天采矿技术,2012(3):4-5.LIU Ji-Peng,SHANG Tao,ZHAO JUN,et al.Analysis and treatment of open-pit mine goaf[J].Opencast Mining Technology,2012(3):4-5.(in Chinese)
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[8]孙英翔.露天深孔爆破炮孔堵塞长度及堵塞物运动规律的研究[D].沈阳:东北大学,2011:1-4.SUN Ying-xiang.Study of blast-hole stemming length and stemming movement rule in deep-hole rule deep-hole blast[D].Shenyang:North Eastern University,2011:1-4.(in Chinese)
[9]张袁娟,黄金香,李梅.露天矿台阶爆破合理都塞长度确定方法[J].煤矿安全,2014(11):211-212.ZHANG Yuan-juan,HUANG Jin-xiang,LI Mei.Identifying reasonable blast hole blockage length of bench blasting in open-pit mine[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2014(11):211-212.(in Chinese)
[10]丁希平.深孔台阶爆破应力场及若干设计参数的数值分析[D].北京:铁道部科学研究院,2011:4-6.DING Xi-ping.Digital analysis of stress distribution and some parameters of sleep hole bench blasting[D].Bei jing:Academyof Railway Sciences,2011:4-6.(in Chinese)
[11]李夕兵.凿岩爆破工程[M].长沙:中南大学出版社,2011:224-227.LI Xi-bing.Drilling and blasting engineering[M].Changsha:Central South University,2011:224-227.(in Chinese)
[12]李战军,温健强,郑炳旭.露天铁矿爆破开采炸单耗预测[J].金属矿山,2009(7):33-34.LI Zhan-Jun,WEN Jian-qiang,ZHENG Bing-xu.Forecast of the unit explosive consumption for blasting in open-pitiron mine[J].Metal Mine,2009(7):33-34.(in Chinese)
[13]刘延斌,崔宏伟.露天矿采空区上覆岩层爆破技术[J].露天采矿技术,2014(8):47-48.LIU Yan-bin,CUI Hong-wei.Overlying stratum blasting technology in open-pit mine goaf[J].Opencast Mining Technology,2014(8):47-48.(in Chinese)
[2]倪景峰,陈月宁,王明君.东露天矿采空区坍塌爆破参数优化[J].金属矿山,2015(4):102-103.NI Jing-feng,CHEN Yue-ning,WANG Ming-jun.Parameter optimization of collapse blasting in mined-out area of east open-pit coal mine[J].Metal Mine,2015(4):102-103.(in Chinese)
[3]刘宪权,徐志远.露天矿复采境界内井工采空区安全开采实践[J].露天采矿技术,2014(12):7-8.LIU Xian-quan,XU ZHI-yuan.Underground goaf safety mining practice in open-pit mine compound mining realm[J].Opencast Mining Technology,2014(12):7-8.(in Chinese)
[4]丁鑫品,李伟,武懋,等.露天矿地下采空区危险性评价方法与实践[J].煤矿安全,2015(2):217-218.DING Xin-pin,LI Wei,WU Mao,et al.Risk assessment method and practice for underground god area in open-pit mine[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2015(2):217-218.(in Chinese)
[5]王庆国,何章义.工程爆破起爆方向的研究[J].陕西理工学院学报,2010,26(4):34-36.WANG Qing-guo,HE Zhang-yi.Study on the initiation of the direction of project[J].Journal of Shanxi Sci-Tech University,2010,26(4):34-36.(in Chinese)
[6]曹杨.中深孔台阶爆破模拟与研究[D].太原:中北大学,2012:15-26.CAO Yang.Simulation and research on the medium-length hole bench blasting[D].Taiyuan:Central North University of China,2012:15-26.(in Chinese)
[7]吴贤振,尹丽水,刘建伟,等.基于LS-DYNA的临近采空区多段爆破微差时间优化[J].爆破,2015,32(1):88-89.WU Xian-zhen,YIN Li-shui,LIU Jian-wei,et al.Optimization of blasting delay time near underground goaf based on LS-DYNA[J].Blasting,2015,32(1):88-89.(in Chinese)
[8]孙英翔.露天深孔爆破炮孔堵塞长度及堵塞物运动规律的研究[D].沈阳:东北大学,2011:1-4.SUN Ying-xiang.Study of blast-hole stemming length and stemming movement rule in deep-hole rule deep-hole blast[D].Shenyang:North Eastern University,2011:1-4.(in Chinese)
[9]张袁娟,黄金香,李梅.露天矿台阶爆破合理都塞长度确定方法[J].煤矿安全,2014(11):211-212.ZHANG Yuan-juan,HUANG Jin-xiang,LI Mei.Identifying reasonable blast hole blockage length of bench blasting in open-pit mine[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2014(11):211-212.(in Chinese)
[10]丁希平.深孔台阶爆破应力场及若干设计参数的数值分析[D].北京:铁道部科学研究院,2011:4-6.DING Xi-ping.Digital analysis of stress distribution and some parameters of sleep hole bench blasting[D].Bei jing:Academyof Railway Sciences,2011:4-6.(in Chinese)
[11]李夕兵.凿岩爆破工程[M].长沙:中南大学出版社,2011:224-227.LI Xi-bing.Drilling and blasting engineering[M].Changsha:Central South University,2011:224-227.(in Chinese)
[12]李战军,温健强,郑炳旭.露天铁矿爆破开采炸单耗预测[J].金属矿山,2009(7):33-34.LI Zhan-Jun,WEN Jian-qiang,ZHENG Bing-xu.Forecast of the unit explosive consumption for blasting in open-pitiron mine[J].Metal Mine,2009(7):33-34.(in Chinese)
[13]刘延斌,崔宏伟.露天矿采空区上覆岩层爆破技术[J].露天采矿技术,2014(8):47-48.LIU Yan-bin,CUI Hong-wei.Overlying stratum blasting technology in open-pit mine goaf[J].Opencast Mining Technology,2014(8):47-48.(in Chinese)