Geology and hydrocarbon accumulations in the deepwater of the northwestern South China Sea—with focus on natural gas

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• 作者：Zhenfeng Wang ; Zhipeng Sun ; Daojun Zhang ; Jitian Zhu ; Xushen Li…
• 关键词：South China Sea ; deepwater ; natural gas ; petroleum system ; central canyon ; reservoir ; forming conditions ; Qiongdongnan Basin
• 刊名：Acta Oceanologica Sinica
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：October 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：34
• 期：10
• 页码：57-70
• 全文大小：4,818 KB
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• 作者单位：Zhenfeng Wang (1)
  Zhipeng Sun (1)
  Daojun Zhang (1)
  Jitian Zhu (1)
  Xushen Li (1)
  Baojia Huang (1)
  Minggang Guo (1)
  Rufeng Jiang (1)
  
  1. Zhanjiang Branch of China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC) Limited, Zhanjiang, 524057, China
  
• 刊物主题：Oceanography; Climatology; Ecology; Engineering Fluid Dynamics; Marine & Freshwater Sciences; Environmental Chemistry;
• 出版者：Springer Berlin Heidelberg
• ISSN：1869-1099

文摘

The deepwater of the northwestern South China Sea is located in the central to southern parts of the Qiongdongnan Basin (QDN Basin), which is a key site for hydrocarbon exploration in recent years. In this study, the authors did a comprehensive analysis of gravity-magnetic data, extensive 3D seismic survey, cores and cuttings, paleontology and geochemical indexes, proposed the mechanism of natural gas origin, identified different oil and gas systems, and established the model of hydrocarbon accumulations in the deep-water region. Our basin tectonic simulation indicates that the evolution of QDN Basin was controlled by multiple-phased tectonic movements, such as Indochina-Eurasian Plate collision, Tibetan Uplift, Red River faulting and the expansion of the South China Sea which is characterized by Paleogene rifting, Neogene depression, and Eocene intensive faulting and lacustrine deposits. The drilling results show that this region is dominated by marineterrestrial transitional and neritic-bathyal facies from the early Oligocene. The Yacheng Formation of the early Oligocene is rich in organic matter and a main gas-source rock. According to the geological-geochemical data from the latest drilling wells, Lingshui, Baodao, Changchang Sags have good hydrocarbon-generating potentials, where two plays from the Paleogene and Neogene reservoirs were developed. Those reservoirs occur in central canyon structural-lithologic trap zone, Changchang marginal trap zone and southern fault terrace of Baodao Sag. Among them, the central canyon trap zone has a great potential for exploration because the various reservoirforming elements are well developed, i.e., good coal-measure source rocks, sufficient reservoirs from the Neogene turbidity sandstone and submarine fan, faults connecting source rock and reservoirs, effective vertical migration, late stage aggregation and favorable structural–lithological composite trapping. These study results provide an important scientific basis for hydrocarbon exploration in this region, evidenced by the recent discovery of the significant commercial LS-A gas field in the central canyon of the Lingshui Sag. Keywords South China Sea deepwater natural gas petroleum system central canyon reservoir-forming conditions Qiongdongnan Basin