Method applied to the background analysis of energy data to be considered for the European Reference Life Cycle Database (ELCD)

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Simone Fazio ; Daniel Garra铆n ; Fabrice Mathieux ; Cristina De la R煤a…
• 关键词：LCI datasets ; LCI database ; Energy ; Data quality ; ELCD ; PEF
• 刊名：SpringerPlus
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：December 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：4
• 期：1
• 全文大小：852KB
• 参考文献：Arvizu D (2010) New science strengthens the promise of renewable fuels. Energ Environ Sci 3:1378鈥?381, doi:10.1039/c0ee00091dCrossRef
  ATHENA (2004) Sustainable Materials Institute. National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Franklin Associates, Ltd., Sylvatica., 2004. U.S. LCI Database Project 鈥?User鈥檚 Guide Draft, February 2004, NREL/BK-35854
  Bellon-Maurel V, Short MD, Roux P, Schulz M, Peters GM (2014) Streamlining life cycle inventory data generation in agriculture using traceability data and information and communication technologies 鈥?part I: concepts and technical basis. J Clean Prod 69:60鈥?6, http://鈥媎x.鈥媎oi.鈥媜rg/鈥?0.鈥?016/鈥媕.鈥媕clepro.鈥?014.鈥?1.鈥?79CrossRef
  Bjorklund AE (2002) Survey of approaches to improve reliability in LCA. Int J Life Cycle Ass 7:64鈥?2CrossRef
  BSI (2011) PAS 2050:2011. British Standards Institution. Research report. BSI, London, ISBN 978 0 580 50995 7
  CERI (2008) Comparative life cycle assessment (LCA) of base load electricity generation in Ontario. Canadian Energy Research Institute
  De Smet B, Stalmans M (1996) LCI data and data quality. Int J Life Cycle Ass 1:96鈥?04, doi:10.1007/bf02978653CrossRef
  Di X, Nie Z, Yuan B, Zuo T (2007) Life cycle inventory for electricity generation in China. Int J Life Cycle Ass 12:217鈥?24, doi:10.1065/lca2007.05.331CrossRef
  Dones R, Zollinger E (1996) 脰koinventare von Energiessystemen Kernergie PSI (Paul Scherrer Institut)
  Dones R, Bauer C, Roeder A (2007) Sachbilanzen von Energiesystemen: Grundlagen f眉r den 枚kologischen Vergleich von Energiesystemen und den Einbezug von Energiesystemen in 脰kobilanzen f眉r die Schweiz. Final report ecoinvent No. 6-VI. Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI) Villigen, Swiss Centre for Life Cycle Inventories, D眉bendorf, CH.
  Ecoinvent (2013) Ecoinvent database., http://鈥媏coinvent.鈥媜rg/鈥?/span> Accessed Nov. 2013
  ELCD European Life Cycle Database. European Commission. http://鈥媏plca.鈥媕rc.鈥媏c.鈥媏uropa.鈥媏u/鈥?鈥媝age_鈥媔d=鈥?26.鈥?Accessed in November 2014.
  EPLCA European Platform on Life Cycle Assessment. European Commission. http://鈥媏plca.鈥媕rc.鈥媏c.鈥媏uropa.鈥媏u/鈥?/span> . Accessed in November 2014.
  European Commission (2003) Communication from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament - integrated product policy - building on environmental life-cycle thinking
  European Commission (2011a) Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions: Europe 2020 Flagship initiative - a resource-efficient Europe. Brussels
  European Commission (2011b) Energy roadmap 2050. Impact assessment and scenario analysis
  European Commission (2013a) Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council: building the single market for Green Products - facilitating better information on the environmental performance of products and organisations
  European Commission (2013b) Recommendation on the use of common methods to measure and communicate the life cycle environmental performance of products and organisations
  European Commission JRC, Institute for Environment and Sustainability (2010a) International Reference Life Cycle Data System (ILCD) Data network, compliance rules, entry-level requirements
  European Commission JRC, Institute for Environment and Sustainability (2010b) International Reference Life Cycle Data System (ILCD) Handbook, documentation of LCA data sets
  European Commission JRC, Institute for Environment and Sustainability (2010c) International Reference Life Cycle Data System (ILCD) Handbook, general guide for life cycle assessment, detailed guidance
  Eurostat (2013) Eurostat databases., http://鈥媏pp.鈥媏urostat.鈥媏c.鈥媏uropa.鈥媏u
  Frischneckt R, Jungbluth N, Althaus HJ, Doka G, Dones R, Heck T, Hellweg S, Hischier R, Nemecek T, Rebitzer G, Spielman M (2005) The ecoinvent database: overview and methodological framework. Int J of LCA 10(1):3鈥?, doi:10.1065/lca2004.10.181.1CrossRef
  IINAS GEMIS database. http://鈥媤ww.鈥媔inas.鈥媜rg/鈥媑emis-database-en.鈥媓tml . Last access Nov. 2013
  ISO (2006a) ISO 14040:2006 Environmental management - life cycle assessment - principles and framework
  ISO (2006b) ISO 14044:2006 Environmental management - life cycle assessment - requirements and guidelines
  Itten R, Frischknecht R, Stucki M (2014) Life cycle inventories of electricity mixes and grid. PSI. Villigen, Swiss Centre for Life Cycle Inventories, D眉bendorf, CH
  Lasvaux S, Schiopu N, Habert G, Chevalier J, Peuportier B (2014) Influence of simplification of life cycle inventories on the accuracy of impact assessment: application to construction products. J Clean Prod 79:142鈥?51, http://鈥媎x.鈥媎oi.鈥媜rg/鈥?0.鈥?016/鈥媕.鈥媕clepro.鈥?014.鈥?6.鈥?03CrossRef
  LBST E3 database. http://鈥媤ww.鈥媏3database.鈥媍om/鈥?/span> . Last access Nov. 2013.
  LCDN Life Cycle Data Network. European Commission. http://鈥媏plca.鈥媕rc.鈥媏c.鈥媏uropa.鈥媏u/鈥?鈥媝age_鈥媔d=鈥?34, Last access Oct. 2014.
  Lesage P, Samson R (2013) The Quebec Life Cycle Inventory Database Project. Int J Life Cycle Ass :1鈥?. doi:10.1007/s11367-013-0593-1
  Luque R (2008) Biofuels: a technological perspective. Energ Environ Sci 1:542鈥?64, doi:10.1039/b807094fCrossRef
  Maurice B, Frischknecht R, Coelho-Schwirtz V, Hungerb眉hler K (2000) Uncertainty analysis in life cycle inventory. Application to the production of electricity with French coal power plants. J Clean Prod 8:95鈥?08, http://鈥媎x.鈥媎oi.鈥媜rg/鈥?0.鈥?016/鈥婼0959-6526(99)00324-8CrossRef
  May J, Brennan D (2003a) Application of data quality assessment methods to an LCA of electricity generation. Int J Life Cycle Ass 8:215鈥?25, doi:10.1007/bf02978474CrossRef
  May JR, Brennan DJ (2003b) Life cycle assessment of Australian fossil fuel energy options. Trans IChemE 81:317鈥?30CrossRef
  MOE (2011) Market observatory for energy: 鈥楨urope鈥檚 energy position 鈥?2010 annual report鈥? European Commission. Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, ISBN 978-92-79-17863-4. doi:10.2833/6567Q
  Nagra (2002a) Project Opalinus Clay - Safety report. Demonstration of disposal feasibility for spent fuel vitrified high level waste and long-lived intermediate level waste (Entsorgungsnachweis). Nationale Genossenschaft f眉r die Lagerung radioaktiverAbf盲lle., NAGRA, Wettingen (Switzerland) ISSN 1015-2636
  Nagra (2002b) Projekt Opalinuston - Konzept f眉r die Anlage und den Betrieb eines geologischen Tiefenlagers. Entsorgungsnachweis f眉r abgebrannte Brennelemente, verglaste hochaktive sowie langlebige mittelaktive Abf盲lle. Nationale Genossenschaft f眉r die Lagerung radioaktiverAbf盲lle., NAGRA, NTB 02-02, Wettingen (Switzerland)
  PE I (2013) GaBi database., http://鈥媤ww.鈥媑abi-software.鈥媍om/鈥媢k-ireland/鈥媔ndex/鈥?/span>
  Recchioni M, Mathieux F, Blengini GA (2014) Challenges and opportunities for wide publication of quality-assured LCI data: the experience of the Life Cycle Data Network. Int J Life Cycle Ass (in press)
  Treyer K, Bauer C (2013) Life cycle inventories of electricity generation and power supply in version 3 of the ecoinvent database鈥攑art I: electricity generation Int J Life Cycle Ass :1鈥?9 doi:10.1007/s11367-013-0665-2
  Treyer K, Bauer C (2014) Life cycle inventories of electricity generation and power supply in version 3 of the ecoinvent database鈥攑art II: electricity markets Int J Life Cycle Ass :1鈥?4 doi:10.1007/s11367-013-0694-x
  UNEP - SETAC Life Cycle Initiative (2011) 鈥楽honan guidance Principles鈥?- global guidance principles for life cycle assessment databases
  UNSCEAR (2000) Sources and effect of ionising radiation. vol 1. UNSCEAR, New York, ISBN 978-92-1-142274-0
  Weidema BP, Bauer C, Hischier R, Mutel C, Nemecek T, Vadenbo CO, Wernet G (2011) Overview and methodology. Data quality guideline for the ecoinvent database version 3. Ecoinvent report 1
  
• 作者单位：Simone Fazio (1)
  Daniel Garra铆n (2)
  Fabrice Mathieux (1)
  Cristina De la R煤a (2)
  Marco Recchioni (1)
  Yolanda Lech贸n (2)
  
  1. European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Environment and Sustainability, Sustainability Assessment Unit, Via E. Fermi 2749 TP290, I-21027, Ispra, Italy
  2. Spanish Ministry of Economy & Competitiveness CIEMAT (Research Centre on Energy, Environment & Tech) Energy Dpt. - Energy Systems Analysis Unit, Av. Complutense 40, E28040, Madrid, Spain
  
• 刊物类别：Science, general;
• 刊物主题：Science, general;
• 出版者：Springer International Publishing
• ISSN：2193-1801

文摘

Under the framework of the European Platform on Life Cycle Assessment, the European Reference Life-Cycle Database (ELCD - developed by the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission), provides core Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) data from front-running EU-level business associations and other sources. The ELCD contains energy-related data on power and fuels. This study describes the methods to be used for the quality analysis of energy data for European markets (available in third-party LC databases and from authoritative sources) that are, or could be, used in the context of the ELCD. The methodology was developed and tested on the energy datasets most relevant for the EU context, derived from GaBi (the reference database used to derive datasets for the ELCD), Ecoinvent, E3 and Gemis. The criteria for the database selection were based on the availability of EU-related data, the inclusion of comprehensive datasets on energy products and services, and the general approval of the LCA community. The proposed approach was based on the quality indicators developed within the International Reference Life Cycle Data System (ILCD) Handbook, further refined to facilitate their use in the analysis of energy systems. The overall Data Quality Rating (DQR) of the energy datasets can be calculated by summing up the quality rating (ranging from 1 to 5, where 1 represents very good, and 5 very poor quality) of each of the quality criteria indicators, divided by the total number of indicators considered. The quality of each dataset can be estimated for each indicator, and then compared with the different databases/sources. The results can be used to highlight the weaknesses of each dataset and can be used to guide further improvements to enhance the data quality with regard to the established criteria. This paper describes the application of the methodology to two exemplary datasets, in order to show the potential of the methodological approach. The analysis helps LCA practitioners to evaluate the usefulness of the ELCD datasets for their purposes, and dataset developers and reviewers to derive information that will help improve the overall DQR of databases. Keywords LCI datasets LCI database Energy Data quality ELCD PEF