Microscopic and ultrastructural modifications of postmenopausal atrophic vaginal mucosa after fractional carbon dioxide laser treatment
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- 作者：Nicola Zerbinati (1)
Maurizio Serati (2)
Massimo Origoni (3)
Massimo Candiani (3)
Tommaso Iannitti (4)
Stefano Salvatore (3)
Francesco Marotta (5)
Alberto Calligaro (6)
1. Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences ; University of Insubria ; Varese ; Italy
2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology ; University of Insubria ; Varese ; Italy
3. Department of Gynecology ; IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital ; Milano ; Italy
4. School of Biomedical Sciences ; University of Leeds ; Mount Preston Street ; Garstang building ; Leeds ; LS2 9JT ; UK
5. ReGenera Research Group for Aging Intervention ; Milan ; Italy
6. Department of Public Health ; Experimental and Forensic Medicine ; Histology and Embryology Unit ; University of Pavia ; Pavia ; Italy - 关键词：Vaginal atrophy ; Regenerative medicine ; Fractional carbon dioxide laser
- 刊名：Lasers in Medical Science
- 出版年：2015
- 出版时间：January 2015
- 年：2015
- 卷：30
- 期：1
- 页码：429-436
- 全文大小：1,529 KB
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- 刊物主题：Medicine & Public Health
Medicine/Public Health, general
Dentistry
Laser Technology and Physics and Photonics
Quantum Optics, Quantum Electronics and Nonlinear Optics
Applied Optics, Optoelectronics and Optical Devices - 出版者：Springer London
- ISSN：1435-604X
文摘
Vaginal atrophy occurring during menopause is closely related to the dramatic decrease in ovarian estrogens due to the loss of follicular activity. Particularly, significant changes occur in the structure of the vaginal mucosa, with consequent impairment of many physiological functions. In this study, carried out on bioptic vaginal mucosa samples from postmenopausal, nonestrogenized women, we present microscopic and ultrastructural modifications of vaginal mucosa following fractional carbon dioxide (CO2) laser treatment. We observed the restoration of the vaginal thick squamous stratified epithelium with a significant storage of glycogen in the epithelial cells and a high degree of glycogen-rich shedding cells at the epithelial surface. Moreover, in the connective tissue constituting the lamina propria, active fibroblasts synthesized new components of the extracellular matrix including collagen and ground substance (extrafibrillar matrix) molecules. Differently from atrophic mucosa, newly-formed papillae of connective tissue indented in the epithelium and typical blood capillaries penetrating inside the papillae, were also observed. Our morphological findings support the effectiveness of fractional CO2 laser application for the restoration of vaginal mucosa structure and related physiological trophism. These findings clearly coupled with striking clinical relief from symptoms suffered by the patients before treatment.