Ability of wild type mouse bioassay to detect bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in the presence of excess scrapie

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• 作者：Erica Corda (1) (2)
  Leigh Thorne (3)
  Katy E Beck (3)
  Richard Lockey (4)
  Robert B Green (3)
  Christopher M Vickery (3)
  Thomas M Holder (3)
  Linda A Terry (5)
  Marion M Simmons (3)
  John Spiropoulos (3)
  
  1. School of Veterinary Medicine ; University of Milan ; Milan ; Italy
  2. Current address ; Department of Ecosystem and Public Health ; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine ; University of Calgary ; Calgary ; Canada
  3. Animal and Plant Health Agency ; Woodham Lane ; New Haw ; Addlestone Surrey ; KT15 3NB ; UK
  4. Current address ; University of Southampton ; Southampton ; Hampshire ; SO17 1BJ ; UK
  5. Current address ; Biogen Idec ; 14 Cambridge Center ; Cambridge ; MA ; 02142 ; USA
  
• 关键词：BSE ; Scrapie ; Co ; infection ; Bioassay ; Mouse
• 刊名：Acta Neuropathologica Communications
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：December 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：3
• 期：1
• 全文大小：2,410 KB
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  Fixation, tissue processing, histology and immunohistochemistry staining procedures for the diagnosis of animal TSE (BSE, scrapie, atypical scrapie).
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• 刊物主题：Neurosciences;
• 出版者：BioMed Central
• ISSN：2051-5960

文摘

Introduction Scrapie and bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) are transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) which naturally affect small and large ruminants respectively. However, small ruminants, which are susceptible to BSE under experimental conditions, have been exposed to the same or similar contaminated food additives as cattle. To date two natural cases of BSE in small ruminants have been reported. As a result surveillance projects, combined with appropriate control measures, have been established throughout the European Union (EU) to minimize the overall incidence of small ruminant TSEs. Although BSE can be differentiated from classical scrapie (subsequently referred to as scrapie) if appropriate discriminatory tests are applied, the value of these tests in BSE/scrapie co-infection scenarios has not been evaluated fully. Mouse bioassay is regarded as the gold standard regarding differentiation of distinct TSE strains and has been used as to resolve TSE cases were laboratory tests produced equivocal results. However, the ability of this method to discriminate TSE strains when they co-exist has not been examined systematically. To address this issue we prepared in vitro mixtures of ovine BSE and scrapie and used them to challenge RIII, C57BL/6 and VM mice. Results Disease phenotype analysis in all three mouse lines indicated that most phenotypic parameters (attack rates, incubation periods, lesion profiles and Western blots) were compatible with scrapie phenotypes as were immunohistochemistry (IHC) data from RIII and C57BL/6 mice. However, in VM mice that were challenged with BSE/scrapie mixtures a single BSE-associated IHC feature was identified, indicating the existence of BSE in animals where the scrapie phenotype was dominant. Conclusions We conclude that wild type mouse bioassay is of limited value in detecting BSE in the presence of scrapie particularly if the latter is in relative excess.