Topographical factors in the formation of gully-type debris flows in Longxi River catchment, Sichuan, China

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• 作者：Li Li (1)
  Bin Yu (1)
  Yunbo Zhu (1)
  Shengming Chu (2)
  Yufu Wu (3)
  
  1. State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection ; Chengdu University of Technology ; Chengdu ; 610059 ; China
  2. Sichuan Chuanjian Geotechnical Survey and Design Institute ; Chengdu ; 610017 ; China
  3. Emergent Geohazards Center of Jiangxi Province ; Nanchang ; 330025 ; China
  
• 关键词：Topography factor ; Longxi River ; Wenchuan earthquake ; Gully ; type debris flow
• 刊名：Environmental Earth Sciences
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：April 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：73
• 期：8
• 页码：4385-4398
• 全文大小：1,497 KB
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  3. Catani, F, Casagli, N, Ermini, L, Righini, G, Menduni, G (2005) Landslide hazard and risk mapping at catchment scale in the Arno River basin. Landslides 2: pp. 329-342 CrossRef
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  18. Shen, J, Zhu, R, Liu, W (2008) Possibility geological analysis of Gangou debris flow in Longchi Town in Dujiangyan induced by the earthquake of May 12 in Wenchuan. J Mt Sci 26: pp. 513-517
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• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：None Assigned
• 出版者：Springer Berlin Heidelberg
• ISSN：1866-6299

文摘

There are three groups of factors: topography, geology and hydrology which have influence on the formation of gully-type debris flows. In this paper, a single representative factor (T-factor) for the topography is proposed, which can be used to define threshold values for debris flow formation. This study was carried out in the Longxi River catchment, located in the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake hit area. During a heavy rainfall event on August 13, 2010, 34 gully-type debris flows were triggered. In some catchments, no debris flows were triggered even though these catchments were in the vicinity of gullies with triggered debris flows. The formation mechanism of the triggered debris flows is the runoff-induced mechanism. The influence of the topography on the formation of debris flows in gullies with almost identical hydrological and geological conditions was isolated and analyzed. A new T-factor is proposed in this study as a topographical indicator which is a combination of the form factor, the average gradient of the stream, the catchment size, and the percentage of the catchment area with a slope gradient sensitive to trigger debris flows. Higher T-factor values are generally related to higher probabilities of debris flow formation. The T-factor can be used to predict the formation of debris flows in the sub-catchments of the Longchi River catchment. The T-factor was successfully validated in debris flow gullies with the same initiation mechanism in the Cida River catchment, Sichuan, China.