Pesticide Occurrence in Selected South Florida Canals and Biscayne Bay during High Agricultural Activity

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• 作者：Jennifer A. Harman-Fetcho ; Cathleen J. Hapeman ; Laura L. McConnell ; Thomas L. Potter ; Clifford P. Rice ; Ali M. Sadeghi ; Ramona D. Smith ; Krystyna Bialek ; Kerry A. Sefton ; Bruce A. Schaffer ; and Richar
• 刊名：Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
• 出版年：2005
• 出版时间：July 27, 2005
• 年：2005
• 卷：53
• 期：15
• 页码：6040 - 6048
• 全文大小：773K
• 年卷期：v.53,no.15(July 27, 2005)
• ISSN：1520-5118

文摘

Climate and soil conditions in South Florida along with an extensive canal system facilitate movementof agricultural pesticides into surface waters. In a two-year study (2002-2004) of the currently usedpesticides in South Florida, atrazine, endosulfan, metolachlor, chlorpyrifos, and chlorothalonil werethe most frequently detected in the canals and in Biscayne Bay, with average concentrations of 16,11, 9.0, 2.6, and 6.0 ng/L, respectively. Concentrations of atrazine and chlorpyrifos were highestnear corn production. Chlorothalonil and endosulfan concentrations were highest near vegetableproduction, with no clear trend for metolachlor, which is used on multiple crops. Concentration datawere used to calculate an aquatic life hazard potential for the planting period (November) versus theharvest period (March). This analysis indicated that a higher hazard potential occurs during harvest,primarily from the use of endosulfan. These data will also serve to document canal conditions priorto implementation of the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP).Keywords: Pesticide; agrochemical; atrazine; endosulfan; chlorothalonil; chlorpyrifos; metolachlor;hazard potential; South Florida; Everglades; Biscayne Bay; Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan(CERP)