Wet Torrefaction of Bamboo in Hydrochloric Acid Solution by Microwave Heating

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• 作者：Ming-Fei Li ; Yue Shen ; Jian-Kui Sun ; Jing Bian ; Chang-Zhou Chen ; Run-Cang Sun
• 刊名：ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：September 8, 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：3
• 期：9
• 页码：2022-2029
• 全文大小：369K
• ISSN：2168-0485

文摘

Bamboo was hydrothermally torrefied in hydrochloric acid solution assisted by microwave heating at 180 掳C for 5鈥?0 min. For bamboo torrefied in water, the yield of the torrefied bamboo decreased slightly from 96.15% to 85.83% and the hemicellulose content decreased from 31.78% to 25.71% with increased torrefaction severity from 3.27 to 3.89. Whereas for bamboo torrefaction in acid solutions, the yield of the torrefied bamboo was below 51% and hemicellulose was completely removed as evidenced by the fact that the solid residue contained no hemicellulose. The carbon content of bamboo was 48.82% and it increased slightly after torrefaction in water. It raised largely up to 67.03% under torrefaction with 0.4 M HCl solution at 180 掳C for 30 min. The atomic H/C and O/C ratios of bamboo were 1.479 and 0.694, and as bamboo was wet torrefied, they were in the range of 0.891鈥?.454 and 0.313鈥?.676, respectively. The higher heating value (HHV) of the torrefied bamboo increased by 45.20% after torrefaction at 0.2 M HCl for 30 min, which (24.86 MJ kg^鈥?) was higher than that of Converse School-Sub C coal (21.67 MJ kg^鈥?) and comparable with that of German Braunkohole lignite (25.10 MJ kg^鈥?). In addition, the structural modifications of bamboo during the torrefaction process were investigated by chemical component and elemental analyses, CP/MAS ¹³C NMR, FTIR, XRD complemented with TG/DTA.