Efficient Hydrogenation of Ketones and Aldehydes Catalyzed by Well-Defined Iron(II) PNP Pincer Complexes: Evidence for an Insertion Mechanism

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• 作者：Nikolaus Gorgas ; Berthold St枚ger ; Luis F. Veiros ; Ernst Pittenauer ; G眉nter Allmaier ; Karl Kirchner
• 刊名：Organometallics
• 出版年：2014
• 出版时间：December 8, 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：33
• 期：23
• 页码：6905-6914
• 全文大小：566K
• ISSN：1520-6041

文摘

We have prepared and structurally characterized a new class of Fe(II) PNP pincer hydride complexes [Fe(PNP-iPr)(H)(CO)(L)]ⁿ (L = Br^{鈥?/sup>, CH₃CN, pyridine, PMe₃, SCN鈥?/sup>, CO, BH₄鈥?/sup>; n = 0, +1) based on the 2,6-diaminopyridine scaffold where the PiPr₂ moieties of the PNP ligand are connected to the pyridine ring via NH and/or NMe spacers. Complexes [Fe(PNP-iPr)(H)(CO)(L)]n with labile ligands (L = Br鈥?/sup>, CH₃CN, BH₄鈥?/sup>) and NH spacers are efficient catalysts for the hydrogenation of both ketones and aldehydes to alcohols under mild conditions, while those containing inert ligands (L = pyridine, PMe₃, SCN鈥?/sup>, CO) are catalytically inactive. Interestingly, complex [Fe(PNPMe-iPr)(H)(CO)(Br)], featuring NMe spacers, is an efficient catalyst for the chemoselective hydrogenation of aldehydes. The first type of complexes involves deprotonation of the PNP ligand as well as heterolytic dihydrogen cleavage via metal-alkoxide cooperation, but no reversible aromatization/deprotonation of the PNP ligand. In the case of the N-methylated complex the mechanism remains unclear, but obviously does not allow bifunctional activation of dihydrogen. The experimental results complemented by DFT calculations strongly support an insertion of the C鈺怬 bond of the carbonyl compound into the Fe鈥揌 bond.}